Deck 5: Values Development

Question 1

Which of the following describes the development of intellectual capacities through the time of childhood, from birth to around age 15 years?  

A)Kohlberg's theory of moral development  
B)Piaget's stages of cognitive development  
C)Lao Tsu's theory of development  
D)Fowler's stages of faith development

Answer 1

Piaget's stages of cognitive development  

Question 2

How can nurses avoid making inappropriate judgments about another person's moral capabilities?  

A)by understanding that all people have the same ethical, moral, and cultural values; they are just named differently  
B)by keeping strict adherence to hospital and unit guidelines while caring for the patient and the patient's family  
C)by understanding varying perspectives from which moral decisions are made by both the nurse and the patient  
D)by recognizing that needs are not always clear and that emotions encompass perspectives of care

Answer 2

by understanding varying perspectives from which moral decisions are made by both the nurse and the patient  

Question 3

What does Phase 2 of Gilligan's study of the psychological development of women include?  

A)a sense of goodness as self-sacrifice, in which the needs of others are often put ahead of self  
B)a concern about the reactions of others as a basis for decisions and behaviour  
C)reflecting a movement into a world beyond the family and a deep appreciation of connectedness  
D)a deep appreciation of connectedness, including responsibility to self and others as moral equals, and a clear imperative to harm no one

Answer 3

a sense of goodness as self-sacrifice, in which the needs of others are often put ahead of self  

Question 4

What is another term that can be used interchangeably with "human values development"?  

A)moral development  
B)faith development  
C)ethical values  
D)formal operations development

Question 5

Which of the following statements best summarizes Kohlberg's Theory of Moral    Development?  

A)an ethic of autonomy where personal freedom to choose what is right for the self is highlighted  
B)an ethic of justice where personal liberty and rights are primary  
C)an ethic of fidelity where the valuing of truth develops as we mature  
D)an ethic of care which is grounded in relationships and mutual responsibility

Question 6

A postpartum patient, living in Canada for a year, resists the nurse's health teaching regarding birth control. What is this an example of?  

A)The patient is exhibiting evidence that she is in Gilligan's Phase 1. 
B)There are gender differences in moral decision making. 
C)There are transcultural considerations in values development. 
D)Women will focus, according to Kohlberg, on relational stages.

Question 7

What is the term for the moral imperative being grounded in relationship with and responsibility for one another?  

A)ethic of justice  
B)ethic of care  
C)faith development  
D)cognitive development

Question 8

Which of the following does Stage 1 of Gilligan's study of the Psychological Development of Women include?  

A)a focus on what is best for the self, and includes selfishness and dependence on others  
B)a sense of being responsible for others, so that one is regarded positively  
C)a period when the imperatives of absolute love and justice become prime  
D)a deep appreciation of connectedness, including responsibility to self and others

Question 9

In Piaget's stages of cognitive development, what is included in the pre-operational level?  

A)punishment and obedience  
B)environmental interaction and stimuli  
C)language and logical thought  
D)magical thinking and some reasoning

Question 10

What is one of the stages at the post-conventional level in Kohlberg's theory of moral development?  

A)prior rights and social contract  
B)individual instrumental purpose and exchange  
C)punishment and obedience  
D)universal moral principles

Question 11

What are the key factors associated with Gilligan's theory?  

A)relationships and caring  
B)responsibility and logic  
C)personal liberty and rights  
D)reciprocity and equality

Question 12

Which of the following is believed to be learned within, and shared by, a group of interacting persons?  

A)culture  
B)independence  
C)values  
D)connections

Question 13

Whose frameworks do the discussions of moral development found in current literature primarily flow from?  

A)Kohlberg and Gilligan  
B)Piaget and Fowler  
C)Thomas  
D)Colby and Kohlberg

Question 14

According to Kohlberg and Gilligan, which of the following is the final stage in an adult's values development?  

A)universal consideration  
B)renewed perspective  
C)perceived authority  
D)general consensus

Question 15

What does Phase 3 of Gilligan's study of the psychological development of women include?  

A)a focus on what is best for the self, including selfishness and dependence on others  
B)responsibility to self being taken into account, along with responding to needs of others  
C)mutual interpersonal expectations, relationships, and conformity to authority  
D)responsibility to self and others as moral equals, and a clear imperative to harm no one