Deck 4: Managing Ethics and Social Responsibility

Question 1

Individuals at the preconventional level of moral reasoning are concerned with external rewards and punishments and obey authority to avoid detrimental personal consequences.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

On the continuum of amounts of explicit control associated with the domains of human action, free choice lies between the domains of codified law and ethics.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Research suggests that the majority of managers operate at the preconventional level of moral reasoning.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

According to research conducted by Adam Grant, the best predictor of a team's effectiveness is incentives such as bonuses and vacation time.

Question 5

The moral agent is the individual who must make an ethical choice in an organization.

Question 6

Corporate social responsibility covers a narrow range of issues, many of which are unambiguous with respect to right or wrong.

Question 7

The ethical concept that acts are moral when they promote the individual's best long-term interests and assumes that will ultimately lead to the greater good is known as the moral rights approach.

Question 8

Procedural justice holds that rules should be clearly stated and consistently and impartially enforced.

Question 9

According to Adam Grant of the Wharton School of Business, changes in society and organizations make self-sacrifice for the sake of a larger purpose an increasingly inappropriate and even dangerous characteristic.

Question 10

Sustainability refers to the ability to generate wealth without compromising environmental responsibility and social stewardship, thus meeting the current and future needs of stakeholders while preserving the environment and society so that future generations can meet their needs as well.

Question 11

If an act is not illegal, it must be ethical.

Question 12

A chief ethics officer is a company executive who oversees all aspects of ethics and legal compliance.

Question 13

The utilitarian approach to ethical decision making sidesteps debates about what is right, good, or just and bases decisions on prevailing standards of the profession and the larger society, taking the interests of all stakeholders into account.

Question 14

Most ethical dilemmas in business involve a conflict between stakeholders and shareholders.

Question 15

Only about 20 percent of U.S.adults reach the postconventional stage of moral development.

Question 16

Ethics is the code of moral principles and values that governs the behaviors of a person or group with respect to what is right or wrong.

Question 17

Principle-based statements define fundamental values and contain general language about company responsibilities, quality of products, and treatment of employees.

Question 18

One of the most pressing ethical dilemmas facing managers today is that of competitive intelligence, which is increasingly gained through social media.

Question 19

Corporate social responsibility is management's obligation to make choices and take actions that will contribute to the welfare and interests of society, not just the organization.

Question 20

Important stakeholders in corporations include the government and the community.

Question 21

Commercial advertising campaigns often seek to spin information on products.For example, a car manufacturer might say a particular car it manufactures was ranked as the most innovative new vehicle.The details of the survey that it was conducted at a shareholder meeting and only vehicles it manufactures were included in the survey are quickly flashed in very small print at the bottom of the screen.The decision to deliberately obscure potentially important information is best described as being in which domain?

A)Ethical domain
B)Domain of responsibility
C)Legal domain
D)Obstructive domain
E)Protective domain

Question 22

A situation that arises when all alternative choices or behaviors have been deemed undesirable because of the potentially negative ethical consequences, making it difficult to distinguish right from wrong, is considered _____.

A)a moral ambiguity
B)a social responsibility
C)an ethical dilemma
D)an ethical standard
E)discretionary responsibility

Question 23

Caleb is a manager at Computer-Care Company.He is expected to consider the effect of each decision alternative on all parties and select the one that optimizes the benefits for the greatest number of people.This is an example of the _____ approach.

A)utilitarian
B)individualism
C)moral justice
D)justice
E)soft-line managerial

Question 24

Disk Replacement Services has just completed a procedure manual on how to handle employee grievances.One of the main directives is to make it clear to employees that rules will be administered fairly and consistently.This directive illustrates use of the ______ approach.

A)procedural justice
B)utilitarian
C)individualism
D)defensive
E)free-choice

Question 25

A benefit corporation is a not-for-profit organization that has a stated purpose that includes creating a material that has a positive impact on society.

Question 26

The _________ approach holds that moral decisions must be based on standards of equity, fairness, and impartiality.

A)social responsibility
B)practical
C)justice
D)moral rights
E)individualism

Question 27

The __________ leadership style is associated with the preconventional level of personal moral development.

A)autocratic
B)team-oriented
C)servant 
D)guiding/encouraging
E)transforming

Question 28

Which of the following best illustrates the preconventional stage of moral development?

A)Everybody else is doing it, so it must be okay.
B)What would my boss think if I did this?
C)I know this is not right, and I will not do it, even if everyone else is.
D)What am I going to get from making this decision?
E)How would I feel if my decision was on the front page of the paper?

Question 29

Stakeholder mapping helps managers identify or prioritize the key stakeholders related to a specific issue or project.

Question 30

A recent poll found that nearly _____ percent of people say that executives make decisions based primarily on advancing their own careers.

A)10
B)30
C)50
D)75
E)95

Question 31

Any group or person within or outside the organization that has some type of investment or interest in the organization's performance and is affected by the organization's actions is called a(n) ______.

A)supplier
B)international customer
C)stakeholder
D)influencer
E)trade association

Question 32

An organization's choice of which of two well-qualified suppliers to use is in the domain of _____.

A)codified law
B)free choice
C)ethics
D)compensatory justice
E)social responsibility

Question 33

Robbie's Robots decided to continue operations at one plant while shutting down another.The decision was justified on the basis of what was best for the corporation as a whole.This is an example of the ____ approach.

A)utilitarian
B)individualism
C)moral justice
D)justice
E)illegal

Question 34

When the USS Indianapolis sank after being torpedoed, one Navy pilot disobeyed orders and risked his life to save men who were being picked off by sharks.The Navy pilot was operating from the __________ level of moral development.

A)preconventional
B)conventional
C)postconventional
D)lowest
E)conservative

Question 35

Companies can incorporate as benefit corporations without getting B Lab certification.

Question 36

When everyone is pursuing self-direction, the greater good is ultimately served because people learn to accommodate each other in their own long-term interest.This is an example of reasoning associated with the _____ approach.

A)utilitarian
B)individualism
C)moral justice
D)justice
E)social responsibility

Question 37

Which behavior or outcome is particularly important to someone operating at the conventional level of personal moral development?

A)Avoiding getting fired
B)Empowering subordinates
C)Meeting social and interpersonal obligations
D)Being an autocratic leader
E)Acting on the basis of internal values

Question 38

All of the following are examples of special interest groups, EXCEPT ______.

A)professional associations
B)trade associations
C)political action committees
D)courts
E)consumerists

Question 39

The global supply chain has made issues related to corporate social responsibility more challenging,

Question 40

The term triple bottom line refers to measuring an organization's social performance, its environmental performance, and its financial performance.

Question 41

__________ means that managers are honest and trustworthy, fair in their dealings with employees and customers, and behave ethically in both their personal and professional lives.

A)Ethical leadership
B)Followership
C)Corporate espionage
D)Command-and-control leadership
E)Concern-for-production leadership

Question 42

Humbert is the new manager of a division that has a lot of problems with personality conflicts and low morale.He decides to start with his division by trying to guide and encourage employees to work better as a team and to develop interpersonal relationships and cooperation.This style suggests Humbert is at which stage of moral development?

A)Subconventional
B)Preconventional
C)Conventional
D)Postconventional
E)Supraconventional

Question 43

What are the three Ps of the triple bottom line?

A)Premium performance promotion
B)People, planet, and profit
C)Precise prediction profits
D)Passion, prudence, and proof
E)Plan, procure, and perfect

Question 44

Which of the following concepts argues that organizations can find innovative ways to create wealth at the same time they are preserving natural resources?

A)Preservation
B)Conservation
C)Environmentalism
D)Protectionism
E)Sustainability

Question 45

Leah is a line worker who is widely admired by virtually everyone, from peers to corporate leaders.She is able to get along with everyone and often functions as an informal mediator when disagreements arise.She volunteers to cover the shifts of employees who have family emergencies, and when asked why, she says her motto is "Do all the good you can.By all the means you can.In all the ways you can.In all the places you can.At all the times you can.To all the people you can.As long as ever you can." Leah's attitudes and behaviors are most consistent with which stage of moral development?

A)Subconventional
B)Preconventional
C)Conventional
D)Postconventional
E)Supraconventional

Question 46

The concept of _____ refers to following organizational policies and practices that both enhance the economic success of a company and advance the economic and social conditions of the communities in which the company operates.

A)greenwashing
B)conservation
C)sustainability
D)protectionism
E)conscious capitalism

Question 47

When a company tries to portray itself as more environmentally friendly than it actually is, it is engaging in _____.

A)greenwashing
B)conservation
C)sustainability
D)protectionism
E)conscious capitalism

Question 48

Loretta rose through the ranks to become a supervisor by outlasting everyone else.She is immensely proud of her title and never hesitates to remind her subordinates of it.She tells her employees what to do and expects them to follow her instructions exactly, and without question or objection.Loretta's management style suggests she is at which stage of moral development?

A)Subconventional
B)Preconventional
C)Conventional
D)Postconventional
E)Supraconventional

Question 49

B Lab Certification is _____.

A)required for all B corporations
B)voluntary but desirable
C)administered by the IRS
D)considered important only for nonprofit organizations
E)a legal framework

Question 50

Statements that define fundamental values and reference organizational responsibilities, quality of products, and treatment of employees are often called ______.

A)principle-based
B)policy-based
C)ethically based
D)codified
E)codes of organizational integrity

Question 51

Which group is charged with making rulings on questionable issues of right and wrong and assumes responsibility for disciplining wrongdoers?

A)The culture committee
B)The human resources committee
C)The ethics committee
D)The political correctness committee
E)The disciplinary committee

Question 52

Lisa knows she should be working and not reading a novel.She also knows that she can usually hear her boss approach, since he has a large and noisy ring of keys.She decides to go ahead and read rather than work, reasoning that she can hear her boss approach and turn to her computer screen as he nears her cube.What level of moral reasoning does Lisa exhibit?

A)Subconventional
B)Preconventional
C)Conventional
D)Postconventional
E)Supraconventional

Question 53

Principle-based statements are designed to affect_____ as policy-based statements are procedures to be used in _____.

A)corporate culture; specific ethical situations
B)marketing practices; conflicts of interest
C)observance of laws; proprietary information
D)specific situations; corporate culture
E)political gifts; equal opportunities

Question 54

Adelle is a department manager at a large corporation.She has made a conscious choice to lead in ways that enrich the lives of her subordinates, to help them develop and perform to their greatest capacity.Adelle's attitudes and behaviors are most consistent with which stage of moral development?

A)Subconventional
B)Preconventional
C)Conventional
D)Postconventional
E)Supraconventional

Question 55

Employee disclosure of illegal, unethical, or illegitimate practices on the employer's part is called ______.

A)informing
B)turning
C)acknowledgment
D)proffering
E)whistle-blowing

Question 56

Researchers have generally found a(n) _____ relationship between ethical and socially responsible behavior and a firm's financial performance.

A)insignificant
B)positive
C)negative
D)unimportant
E)inconsequential

Question 57

Ken cannot understand why it is any of his company's business that he sometimes sneaks a cigarette in the stairway or restroom.Yes, it is against company policy, but it is his choice.The company asserts that they have the right to make such policies because secondhand smoke from cigarettes is harmful to everyone, not "just" the smoker.The company's reasoning is most consistent with the ______ approach.

A)procedural justice
B)utilitarian
C)individualism
D)defensive
E)free-choice

Question 58

There have recently been a number of episodes involving individuals who, on their private time, have engaged in shockingly racist behavior.BBQ Becky, ID Adam, Cornerstore Caroline, and others have been reviled for their racist behavior on  the Internet, and some individuals have lost their jobs.The companies involved typically issue a statement that notes that the attitudes expressed are inconsistent with company values and the values or society as a whole.This is most consistent with the _____ approach.

A)distributive justice
B)practical
C)individualism
D)defensive
E)free-choice

Question 59

A _____ corporation is a for-profit organization that has a stated purpose of creating a positive impact on society.

A)sustainable
B)socialist
C)benefit
D)protectionist
E)global

Question 60

Teresa considers herself lucky to work for a company that emphasizes teamwork.The sense of interconnectedness is such that Teresa often finds herself voluntarily putting in extra time to make sure her workgroup exceeds the expectations of their clients.Teresa's behaviors and attitudes are most consistent with which stage of moral development?

A)Subconventional
B)Preconventional
C)Conventional
D)Postconventional
E)Supraconventional

Question 61

A __________ is a formal statement of the company's values concerning ethics and social issues; it communicates to employees what the company stands for.

Question 62

A toll-free confidential __________ allows employees to report questionable behavior as well as seek guidance concerning ethical dilemmas.

Question 63

__________ justice requires that rules should be clearly stated and consistently and impartially enforced.

Question 64

Companies can be certified as B Corporations by __________, a nonprofit organization that provides a nonlegal framework for meeting high standards of social and environmental performance, public transparency, and legal accountability.

Question 65

List the five approaches to ethical decision making that are relevant to managers.

Question 66

List at least three examples of primary stakeholders.

Question 67

At the __________ level of personal moral development, individuals are most concerned with external rewards and punishments.

Question 68

Employee disclosure of illegal, unethical, or illegitimate practices on the employer's part is known as __________.

Question 69

The __________ approach asserts that human beings have fundamental rights and liberties that cannot be taken away by an individual's decision.

Question 70

The __________ approach to ethical decision making sidesteps debates about what is right, good, or just and bases decisions on prevailing standards of the profession and the larger society, taking the interests of all stakeholders into account.

Question 71

A general statement of principle is often called a __________.

Question 72

Most managers operate at the __________ level of moral reasoning.

Question 73

A __________ is a for-profit organization that has a stated purpose of creating a positive impact on society; is required to consider the impact of decisions on employees, the community, and the environment as well as shareholders; and voluntarily holds itself to high standards of accountability and transparency.

Question 74

Define ethics.

Question 75

__________ refers to following organizational policies and practices that both enhance the economic success of a company and advance the economic and social conditions of the communities in which the company operates.

Question 76

A __________ is any group or person within or outside the organization that has some type of investment or interest in the organization's performance and is affected by the organization's actions.

Question 77

When values and standards are written into the legal system, it is referred to as __________.

Question 78

A __________ is an individual responsible for making an ethical choice.

Question 79

__________ generally outline the procedures to be used in specific ethical situations, such as marketing practice, conflicts of interest, and observance of laws.

Question 80

When a company tries to portray itself as more environmentally minded than it actually is, it is engaging in __________