Deck 5: Ethical Issues Related to Health Promotion

Question 1

Which of the following types of ethical theories tells us how people act toward each other and their environments and what they believe are good or moral actions?

A)Descriptive value theories
B)Normative theories
C)Consequentialism theory
D)Duty-based theories

Answer 1

Descriptive value theories

Question 2

Which of the following represents a limitation to the Ethic of Care model?

A)There are no criteria for right or wrong actions.
B)The model fosters an ethnocentric view.
C)The model, as practiced, is not holistic in focus.
D)The model does not account for interrelationships nor the context of actions.

Answer 2

There are no criteria for right or wrong actions.

Question 3

Under what circumstances would a nurse likely experience moral distress?

A)The nurse feels powerless to take the correct action.
B)The nurse is uncertain regarding the appropriate course of action.
C)The nurse is caring for a breast cancer care recipient shortly after her own mother died from cancer.
D)The nurse has been served with a subpoena for a malpractice suit.

Answer 3

The nurse feels powerless to take the correct action.

Question 4

A primary care nurse practitioner has advised a care recipient that she is positive for BrCA2, the gene associated with breast cancer in women.The care recipient has two small children.What would be the most appropriate next step for the nurse practitioner to take with respect to this care recipient?

A)Help the care recipient to understand that a prophylactic mastectomy would be in the best interest of her children.
B)Explore the care recipient's values, believes, and relationships.
C)Offer no counsel since respecting care recipient autonomy will be adequate.
D)Deferring the matter to the care recipient's physician.

Question 5

A nurse believes that it is his responsibility to ensure the safety of the public by administering flu shots to everyone in the community.Which ethical theory is being used by the nurse?

A)Descriptive value theory
B)Normative theory
C)Consequentialism theory
D)Duty-based theory

Question 6

Which of the following theorists has been associated with the ethics of care?

A)Carole Gilligan
B)Immanuel Kant
C)Jeremy Bentham
D)John Stuart Mill

Question 7

Which concept is aimed at interrupting potential ethical problems before they develop?

A)Feminist ethics
B)Preventive ethics
C)Metaethics
D)Normative ethics

Question 8

There is sometimes a conflict between health promotion and autonomy within a society.Which of the following concepts may be jeopardized in the course of public safety?

A)Educational choices including freedom to attend charter schools
B)Family dynamics and especially spousal privilege in a court of law
C)Civil liberties within a society
D)Constraints on provider's choice due to Affordable Care Act

Question 9

Which ethical theory is rooted in character-based ethics?

A)Duty-based ethics
B)Utilitarian-based ethics
C)Virtue-based ethics
D)The ethics of care

Question 10

Which of the following scenarios describes a nurse facing an ethical dilemma?

A)A nurse who must work Christmas over the strong objections of her family.
B)A nurse who must choose between two undesirable options.
C)A nurse assigned to take care of an abusive care recipient.
D)A nurse who must choose between preferred employment or a better-paying job.

Question 11

When providing preoperative teaching for a care recipient who will be undergoing total knee arthroplasty, the nurse asks the care recipient questions to assess his understanding of the surgery.Which type of ethics is the nurse implementing?

A)Duty-based ethics
B)Normative ethics
C)Metaethics
D)Preventive ethics

Question 12

Which of the following statements is correct concerning a Code of Ethics for professionals?

A)The code is drawn in conjunction with input from the public.
B)They are absolute rules which must be observed and may not be changed.
C)They prescribe how members of a profession are expected to act.
D)All of the above statements are correct.

Question 13

A 24-year-old man with severe cognitive impairment, and no relatives participating in his care, needs to make a decision about removal of a brain tumor that will render him totally dependent for completion of all activities of daily living.The nurse participates in ethical decision-making on his behalf, knowing that the care recipient is unable to benefit from which of the following ethical concepts?

A)Autonomy
B)Justice
C)Beneficence
D)Advocacy

Question 14

What is a potential problem which can arise when applying utilitarian theories of ethics to a particular problem or ethical issue?

A)Utilitarian theories do not account for individual culpability.
B)Utilitarian theories are based on direct cause and effect which may not apply.
C)Utilitarian theories tend to compromise the individual in favor of the society.
D)Utilitarian theories are rooted in an agriculturalist society vs society at large.

Question 15

A nurse uses ethical reasoning to solve an ethical dilemma.Why would the nurse use this process?

A)Assists in predicting all of the possible consequences of future actions
B)Facilitates gathering of the most important information to solve the problem
C)Considers the importance of caring when solving the problem
D)Highlights salient aspects of future actions

Question 16

Which philosophic approach evaluates ethical perspectives in terms of their congruence and usefulness in human decision-making, across multiple environments?

A)Utilitarian ethics
B)Metaethics
C)Virtue ethics
D)Practical wisdom ethics

Question 17

Which of the following statements is true with regard to health promotion?

A)Health-promotion efforts are not concerned with addressing environmental obstacles to health.
B)Advocates of health promotion are not involved in political campaigns against harmful products.
C)The business of eliminating health disparities is a unique function of Healthy People 2010 goals.
D)Health promotion involves collaboration of many professional groups.

Question 18

Which of the following represents a comprehensive view of all of the genes within a given individual?

A)Genetics
B)Genomics
C)Genotype
D)Phenotype

Question 19

A nurse includes the statement, "Treat others the way you would like to be treated." when teaching a group of adolescents about bullying.Which type of ethical theory is being used in this example?

A)Descriptive value theory
B)Normative theory
C)Consequentialism theory
D)Duty-based theory

Question 20

Which of the following statements concerning care recipient advocacy is correct?

A)Care recipient advocacy is not a justification for refusing to follow an order.
B)A nurse's responsibility is to the assigned care recipient(s) and not others affected.
C)Nurses are responsible to speak up on behalf of compromised or vulnerable individuals.
D)All of the above statements are correct.

Question 21

An 18-year-old woman in whom a sexually transmitted disease (STD) was recently diagnosed asks the nurse not to tell her mother that she has an STD.Her mother asks the nurse what is causing her daughter's vaginal discharge.Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A)Follow the principle of veracity and tell the mother the diagnosis.
B)Respect the principle of confidentiality and support the care recipient's request not to tell her mother the diagnosis.
C)Tell the care recipient's mother that she has a urinary tract infection, to protect the care recipient's privacy and honor the mother's request.
D)Ignore the mother's request for information.

Question 22

A care recipient is scheduled to have open-heart surgery.His physical condition is such that he is at high risk to experience complications during the procedure, but he has not been advised of this possibility.Which of the following ethical concepts has been ignored in rendering care for this care recipient?

A)Beneficence
B)Autonomy
C)Justice
D)Informed consent

Question 23

Which of the following concepts of ethics is described as the "duty to maximize the benefits of actions while minimizing harm"?

A)Advocacy
B)Justice
C)Beneficence
D)Autonomy

Question 24

A nurse is working with a community to increase its awareness about the dangers of lead poisoning.Which of the following provides the best explanation as to why the nurse is performing this action? (Select all that apply.)

A)It is the right thing to do.
B)It is a moral responsibility.
C)It is an ethical responsibility.
D)It is the role of the nurse.

Question 25

A nurse is providing care to a 15-year old female who has recently been diagnosed with a sexually transmitted infection (STI).Which of the following actions should the nurse take next?

A)Seek advice from an ethics expert.
B)Facilitate interaction between the adolescent and her parents/guardians.
C)Report the STI to the appropriate authorities.
D)Contact the adolescent's parents/guardians.

Question 26

An elderly care recipient has recently been diagnosed with cancer.The care recipient's family has asked the nurse to withhold this information from the care recipient because they feel that this information would cause the care recipient to give up on life and become very depressed.The nurse believes the care recipient should be told this information.Which ethical principle is being upheld by the nurse?

A)Justice
B)Beneficence
C)Veracity
D)Nonmaleficence

Question 27

A nurse reflects on previous experiences with minority populations and considers how these interactions have influenced her present care to these populations.Which part of values clarification and reflection has the nurse used?

A)Formulate a possible course of action.
B)Examine the influence of beliefs.
C)Reflect on practice.
D)Determine the prevalent values.

Question 28

A nurse is using feminist ethics when planning a program for women to promote screening and early detection of breast cancer.Which of the following considerations would be made by the nurse? (Select all that apply.)

A)Importance of virtue in formulating ethical conduct
B)Concern for the rights and equality of all individuals
C)Importance of responsibility when caring for others
D)Understanding the dynamics and root cause of the imbalance of power