Deck 1: Organization of the Body

Question 1

Physiology:

A)recognizes the unchanging (as opposed to the dynamic) nature of things.
B)investigates the body's structure.
C)is concerned with organisms and does not deal with different levels of organization such as cells and systems.
D)is the science that examines the function of living organisms and their parts.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The reproductive system includes all of the following except the:

A)testes.
B)ovaries.
C)ureter.
D)penis.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

One of the basic principles of the standardized terminology is the avoidance of _____, or terms that are based on a person's name.

A)homonyms
B)antonyms
C)eponyms
D)synonyms

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Metabolism refers to:

A)the chemical basis of life.
B)the sum of all the physical and chemical reactions occurring in the body.
C)an organization of similar cells specialized to perform a certain function.
D)a subdivision of physiology.

Question 5

The abdominal region in which the appendix is found is the:

A)hypogastric.
B)right iliac.
C)right lumbar.
D)right hypochondriac.

Question 6

The abdominal region in which the urinary bladder is found is the:

A)hypogastric.
B)epigastric.
C)right lumbar.
D)left iliac.

Question 7

The number of abdominal regions is:

A)three.
B)five.
C)seven.
D)nine.

Question 8

An organization of many similar cells that are specialized to perform a certain function is called a(n):

A)tissue.
B)organism.
C)system.
D)organ.

Question 9

The gallbladder lies in the:

A)abdominal cavity.
B)pelvic cavity.
C)dorsal cavity.
D)mediastinum.

Question 10

From smallest to largest, the levels of organization of the body are:

A)organism, chemical, tissue, cellular, organ, system, organelle.
B)chemical, microscopic, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism.
C)organism, system, organ, tissue, cellular, organelle, chemical.
D)chemical, organelle, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism.

Question 11

Systemic anatomy is a term that refers to:

A)physiological investigation at a microscopic level.
B)anatomical investigation that begins in the head and neck and concludes at the feet.
C)anatomical investigation that uses an approach of studying the body by systems-groups of organs having a common function.
D)anatomical investigation at the molecular level.

Question 12

The mediastinum contains all of the following except the:

A)trachea.
B)venae cavae.
C)right lung.
D)esophagus.

Question 13

The smallest living units of structure and function in the body are:

A)molecules.
B)cells.
C)organelles.
D)atoms.

Question 14

Which of the following describes anatomy?

A)Using devices to investigate parameters such as heart rate and blood pressure
B)Investigating human structure via dissections and other methods
C)Studying the unusual manner in which an organism responds to painful stimuli
D)Examining the physiology of life

Question 15

An organ is one organizational level lower than a(n):

A)system.
B)cell.
C)organelle.
D)tissue.

Question 16

Popliteal refers to the:

A)calf.
B)ankle.
C)cheek.
D)area behind the knee.

Question 17

A plane through the body that divides the body into right and left sides is called:

A)sagittal.
B)frontal.
C)coronal.
D)transverse.

Question 18

A surgeon removing a gallbladder should know to find it in the _____ region.

A)right lumbar
B)right hypochondriac
C)hypogastric
D)umbilical

Question 19

The lungs are located in the:

A)thoracic cavity.
B)mediastinum.
C)abdominal cavity.
D)cranial cavity.

Question 20

Physiology can be subdivided according to the _____ studied.

A)type of organism
B)organizational level
C)systemic function
D)All of the above are correct.

Question 21

Several kinds of tissues working together are termed a(n):

A)plasma membrane.
B)organ.
C)organism.
D)organ system.

Question 22

The ventral cavity contains the:

A)thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities.
B)heart and lungs only.
C)digestive and reproductive organs.
D)brain and spinal cord.

Question 23

When many similar cells specialize to perform a certain function, it is referred to as a(n):

A)tissue.
B)organelle.
C)organ system complex.
D)organism.

Question 24

The abdominopelvic cavity contains all of the following except the:

A)kidneys.
B)gallbladder.
C)right lung.
D)urinary bladder.

Question 25

Humans have similar right and left sides of the body, at least superficially. This is an example of:

A)anatomical position.
B)anterior symmetry.
C)ipsilateral position.
D)bilateral symmetry.

Question 26

The dorsal cavity contains all of the following except the:

A)brain.
B)spinal column.
C)spinal cord.
D)thyroid gland.

Question 27

A somatotype characterized by having a muscular physique is called a(n):

A)endomorph.
B)mesomorph.
C)ectomorph.
D)None of the above is correct.

Question 28

Two major cavities of the human body are:

A)ventral/dorsal.
B)inferior/superior.
C)visceral/parietal.
D)axial/appendicular.

Question 29

Blood production is a function of which system?

A)Reproductive
B)Respiratory
C)Skeletal
D)Lymphatic

Question 30

Molecules are:

A)atoms combined to form larger chemical aggregates.
B)electrons orbiting nuclei.
C)a complex of electrons arranged in concentric shells.
D)composed of cellular organelles.

Question 31

Which of the following is not one of the characteristics of life?

A)Digestion
B)Balance
C)Conductivity
D)Circulation
E)Reproduction

Question 32

An idea that is supported by repeated experiments and observation is called a:

A)fact.
B)theory.
C)concept.
D)hypothesis.

Question 33

The abdominal quadrants are located with what structure as their midpoint?

A)Umbilicus
B)Pubic bone
C)Xiphoid process
D)Iliac crest

Question 34

The axial portion of the body consists of the:

A)arms, neck, and legs.
B)neck, torso, and arms.
C)torso, arms, legs, and head.
D)head, neck, and torso.

Question 35

The abdominopelvic cavity contains all of the following except the:

A)stomach.
B)pancreas.
C)heart.
D)reproductive organs.

Question 36

The plane that divides the body into upper and lower parts is the _____ plane.

A)sagittal
B)frontal
C)transverse
D)superficial

Question 37

The dorsal cavity contains the:

A)brain and spinal cord.
B)heart and lungs.
C)reproductive organs.
D)digestive organs.

Question 38

A plane through the body that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions is:

A)sagittal.
B)median.
C)coronal.
D)transverse.

Question 39

A somatotype characterized by a thin, fragile physique is a(n):

A)ectomorph.
B)mesomorph.
C)endomorph.

Question 40

Mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, and endoplasmic reticulum are examples of:

A)molecules.
B)cytoplasm.
C)organelles.
D)plasma membranes.

Question 41

An organ is one organizational level higher than a(n):

A)system.
B)cell.
C)organelle.
D)tissue.

Question 42

A frontal section divides the body into _____ portions.

A)upper and lower
B)right and left
C)front and back
D)cortex and medullary

Question 43

"Apple-shaped" and "pear-shaped" usually describe subtypes of what major body type?

A)Mesomorph
B)Ectomorph
C)Endomorph
D)Polymorph

Question 44

The parietal pleura covers the:

A)lungs.
B)heart.
C)walls of the thoracic cavity.
D)Both A and B are correct.

Question 45

If your reference point is "farthest from the trunk of the body" versus "nearest to the trunk of the body," where does the knee lie in relation to the ankle?

A)Distal
B)Proximal
C)Superficial
D)Superior

Question 46

The study of microscopic anatomy might include:

A)systemic anatomy.
B)cytology.
C)histology.
D)both B and C.

Question 47

Someone studying gross anatomy would not study which of the following?

A)The location of the heart and chambers of the heart
B)Muscles of the arms and legs
C)The nucleus of the cell
D)All of the above would be studied.

Question 48

What is the anatomical direction term that means nearer the surface?

A)Deep
B)Distal
C)Proximal
D)Superficial

Question 49

The narrowest part of an organ or body structure is called the _____ of the organ.

A)cortical part
B)lumen
C)medullary part
D)apical part

Question 50

Visceral peritoneum would cover which of the following organs?

A)Heart
B)Intestines
C)Lungs
D)Spinal cord

Question 51

During a routine physical examination, a patient with an endomorphic somatotype with a large waistline and overall "apple shape" should be advised that such a distribution of fat may lead to what conditions?

A)Heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure, and colitis
B)Heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure, and diabetes
C)Heart disease, stroke, low blood pressure, and colitis
D)Prostate cancer, low blood pressure, and diabetes

Question 52

An x-ray technician has been asked to make x-ray films of the liver. Which of the abdominopelvic regions must be included?

A)Right hypochondriac, epigastric, and left hypochondriac
B)Right hypochondriac, right lumbar, and right iliac
C)Right iliac, hypogastric, and left iliac
D)Right lumbar, umbilical, and left lumbar

Question 53

The hollow part of an organ or body structure is called the _____ of the organ.

A)cortical part
B)lumen
C)medullary part
D)apical part

Question 54

Axilla is a term referring to which body region?

A)Anterior elbow
B)Armpit
C)Posterior knee
D)Groin

Question 55

The structure that is called the "powerhouse" of the cell is the:

A)cytoplasm.
B)endoplasmic reticulum.
C)mitochondria.
D)Golgi apparatus.

Question 56

A sagittal section divides the body into _____ portions.

A)upper and lower
B)right and left
C)front and back
D)proximal and distal

Question 57

As a nurse, you are assisting a physician with the examination of a patient. The physician asks you to tell the patient, who is lying on the examination table, to assume the anatomical position. How would you instruct the patient to assume this position?

A)Have the patient stand up and place his arms at his sides, palms facing forward, with hands and feet facing forward.
B)Have the patient stand up and place his arms at his sides, palms facing posteriorly, with hands and feet facing forward.
C)Have the patient stand up and place his arms behind him, palms facing to the side, with feet facing forward.
D)Have the patient stand up and place his arms at his sides, palms facing down, with feet facing forward.

Question 58

The _____ tissue is not a major tissue of the body.

A)cutaneous
B)epithelial
C)connective
D)nervous

Question 59

Which of the following is not a directional term of the body?

A)Apical
B)Proximal
C)Superficial
D)Deep

Question 60

Which of the following does not describe anatomical position?

A)Head pointing forward
B)Body standing erect
C)Arms extended from the shoulders, palms up
D)All of the above describe the body in the anatomical position.

Question 61

Match each organ to its corresponding system.
a.Respiratory
b.Digestive
c.Urinary
d.Reproductive
e.Endocrine
f.Cardiovascular
g.Integumentary
h.Muscular
i.Skeletal
j.Nervous
Skin

Question 62

Match each organ to its corresponding system.
a.Respiratory
b.Digestive
c.Urinary
d.Reproductive
e.Endocrine
f.Cardiovascular
g.Integumentary
h.Muscular
i.Skeletal
j.Nervous
Ligaments

Question 63

Match each organ to its corresponding system.
a.Respiratory
b.Digestive
c.Urinary
d.Reproductive
e.Endocrine
f.Cardiovascular
g.Integumentary
h.Muscular
i.Skeletal
j.Nervous
Ureters

Question 64

Withdrawing from a painful stimulus is an example of:

A)excretion.
B)growth.
C)responsiveness.
D)secretion.

Question 65

Match each organ to its corresponding system.
a.Respiratory
b.Digestive
c.Urinary
d.Reproductive
e.Endocrine
f.Cardiovascular
g.Integumentary
h.Muscular
i.Skeletal
j.Nervous
Bronchial tree

Question 66

Another term for posterior is:

A)ventral.
B)dorsal.
C)inferior.
D)proximal.

Question 67

How many main tissue types are found in the human body?

A)4
B)8
C)11
D)6

Question 68

The term most nearly opposite cortical would be:

A)peripheral.
B)apical.
C)medullary.
D)basal.

Question 69

Match each organ to its corresponding system.
a.Respiratory
b.Digestive
c.Urinary
d.Reproductive
e.Endocrine
f.Cardiovascular
g.Integumentary
h.Muscular
i.Skeletal
j.Nervous
Spinal cord

Question 70

Match each term to its associated region.
a.Abdominal
b.Brachial
c.Cervical
d.Coxal
e.Cutaneous
f.Digital
g.Femoral
h.Lumbar
Thigh

Question 71

Match each organ to its corresponding system.
a.Respiratory
b.Digestive
c.Urinary
d.Reproductive
e.Endocrine
f.Cardiovascular
g.Integumentary
h.Muscular
i.Skeletal
j.Nervous
Large and small intestines

Question 72

Match each organ to its corresponding system.
a.Respiratory
b.Digestive
c.Urinary
d.Reproductive
e.Endocrine
f.Cardiovascular
g.Integumentary
h.Muscular
i.Skeletal
j.Nervous
Capillaries

Question 73

Match each term to its associated region.
a.Abdominal
b.Brachial
c.Cervical
d.Coxal
e.Cutaneous
f.Digital
g.Femoral
h.Lumbar
Fingers and toes

Question 74

Match each term to its associated region.
a.Abdominal
b.Brachial
c.Cervical
d.Coxal
e.Cutaneous
f.Digital
g.Femoral
h.Lumbar
Arm

Question 75

Match each term to its associated region.
a.Abdominal
b.Brachial
c.Cervical
d.Coxal
e.Cutaneous
f.Digital
g.Femoral
h.Lumbar
Lower back between ribs and pelvis

Question 76

Match each term to its associated region.
a.Abdominal
b.Brachial
c.Cervical
d.Coxal
e.Cutaneous
f.Digital
g.Femoral
h.Lumbar
Anterior torso

Question 77

The mediastinum is located in the _____ cavity.

A)dorsal
B)abdominal
C)ventral
D)Both B and C are correct.

Question 78

Match each organ to its corresponding system.
a.Respiratory
b.Digestive
c.Urinary
d.Reproductive
e.Endocrine
f.Cardiovascular
g.Integumentary
h.Muscular
i.Skeletal
j.Nervous
Pituitary gland

Question 79

Match each organ to its corresponding system.
a.Respiratory
b.Digestive
c.Urinary
d.Reproductive
e.Endocrine
f.Cardiovascular
g.Integumentary
h.Muscular
i.Skeletal
j.Nervous
Testes and ovaries

Question 80

Match each organ to its corresponding system.
a.Respiratory
b.Digestive
c.Urinary
d.Reproductive
e.Endocrine
f.Cardiovascular
g.Integumentary
h.Muscular
i.Skeletal
j.Nervous
Tendons