Deck 20: Central Nervous System

Question 1

Cerebrospinal fluid is found in all of the following except the:

A)subarachnoid space.
B)central canal.
C)third ventricle.
D)subdural space.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The pyramids are formed in the:

A)pons.
B)medulla.
C)midbrain.
D)cerebellum.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

There are _____ ventricles in the brain.

A)two
B)three
C)four
D)five

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Several "vital centers" are located in the:

A)basal ganglia.
B)cerebrum.
C)cerebellum.
D)medulla.

Question 5

Which of the following is not true of the lateral corticospinal tract fibers?

A)Most decussate.
B)Most inhibit the lower motor neuron.
C)They are referred to as pyramidal pathways.
D)They originate in the cerebral cortex.

Question 6

Which of the following is not true?

A)The spinal cord does not completely fill the spinal cavity.
B)The spinal cord extends from the foramen magnum to the first lumbar vertebra.
C)One bundle of nerve fibers (nerve roots) projects from each side of the spinal cord.
D)The spinal cord has anterior and posterior grooves that almost divide the cord into symmetrical halves.

Question 7

The innermost layer of the meninges is the:

A)pia mater.
B)arachnoid membrane.
C)dura mater.
D)None of the above is correct.

Question 8

Meningitis refers to inflammation of the:

A)brain.
B)meninges.
C)spinal cord.
D)cerebrospinal fluid.

Question 9

If the ventral nerve root of a spinal nerve were destroyed, a person would lose _____ related to that pathway.

A)sensory perception
B)willed movement
C)only reflex activity
D)both reflex activity and sensation

Question 10

The brainstem does not include the:

A)pons.
B)medulla.
C)midbrain.
D)cerebellum.

Question 11

The vomiting reflex is mediated by the:

A)cerebrum.
B)medulla.
C)thalamus.
D)cerebellum.

Question 12

The layer of the meninges that serves as the inner periosteum of the cranial bone is the:

A)pia mater.
B)arachnoid membrane.
C)dura mater.
D)None of the above is correct.

Question 13

Cerebrospinal fluid circulates through the ventricles, into the central canal and _____, and is absorbed back into the blood.

A)subarachnoid space
B)choroid plexuses
C)spinal cord
D)intraventricular foramen

Question 14

Nerve fibers of the spinothalamic tract are:

A)sensory.
B)motor.
C)descending.
D)none of the above.

Question 15

If the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal nerve were destroyed, a person would lose _____ related to that pathway.

A)sensory perception
B)willed movement
C)only reflex activity
D)both reflex activity and sensation

Question 16

The brain has _____ major divisions.

A)three
B)five
C)six
D)eight

Question 17

The spinal tract that is located in the side of the cord, originates in the brain, and terminates in the spinal cord is the _____ tract.

A)lateral corticospinal
B)ventral spinothalamic
C)dorsal corticospinal
D)lateral spinothalamic

Question 18

Cerebrospinal fluid is formed by filtration of blood in the:

A)central canal.
B)choroid plexuses.
C)subarachnoid space.
D)arachnoid villi.

Question 19

The main divisions of the central nervous system are the:

A)brain, spinal cord, and autonomic nerves.
B)brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves.
C)brain and spinal cord.
D)sensory division and motor division.

Question 20

Impulses sent over which of the following tracts could result in voluntary movement, especially of the hands, fingers, feet, and toes of the opposite side?

A)Medial reticulospinal
B)Lateral reticulospinal
C)Ventral corticospinal
D)Lateral corticospinal

Question 21

The part of the brain that assists in the maintenance of balance is the:

A)medulla.
B)pons.
C)cerebellum.
D)hypothalamus.

Question 22

Which of the following is not a brain wave measurement?

A)Theta
B)Zeta
C)Delta
D)Beta

Question 23

The part(s) of the cerebrum associated with anger, fear, and sorrow is (are) the:

A)limbic system.
B)corpus callosum.
C)temporal lobes.
D)caudate nucleus.

Question 24

Impulses from which system play a part in arousing or alerting the cerebrum?

A)Reticular activating system
B)Limbic system
C)Cerebral cortex
D)Cerebellar cortex

Question 25

The layer of the meninges that adheres to the outer surface of the brain is the:

A)pia mater.
B)arachnoid membrane.
C)dura mater.
D)None of the above is correct.

Question 26

The cerebellum acts with the _____ to produce skilled movement.

A)hypothalamus
B)thalamus
C)pons
D)cerebrum

Question 27

The fourth ventricle is located:

A)in the left cerebral hemisphere.
B)in the right cerebral hemisphere.
C)below and medial to the lateral ventricles.
D)where the cerebellum attaches to the brainstem.

Question 28

The part of the brain that can directly influence or inhibit the release of hormones from the pituitary is the:

A)hypothalamus.
B)thalamus.
C)medulla.
D)midbrain.

Question 29

Audition is a function of the _____ lobe.

A)occipital
B)temporal
C)parietal
D)frontal

Question 30

The areas specializing in language functions are found in the left cerebral hemisphere in:

A)about 10% of the population.
B)about 50% of the population.
C)about 90% of the population.
D)all people.

Question 31

The cerebellum performs all of the following functions except:

A)coordinates control of muscle action.
B)helps control posture.
C)controls cardiac function.
D)controls skeletal muscles to maintain balance.

Question 32

A person who is awake, alert, and attentive would have a predominance of _____ brain waves.

A)beta
B)theta
C)zeta
D)delta

Question 33

The type of brain wave associated with deep sleep is:

A)beta.
B)theta.
C)zeta.
D)delta.

Question 34

Which of the following is not a function of the hypothalamus?

A)Production of hormones
B)"Go between" of the psyche and the soma
C)Appetite center
D)Regulation of motor activity

Question 35

Impulses from the _____ play a part in arousing or alerting the cerebrum.

A)pons
B)thalamus
C)cerebellum
D)hypothalamus

Question 36

Going from superior to inferior, the structures of the brainstem would be:

A)pons, midbrain, medulla oblongata.
B)midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata.
C)midbrain, medulla oblongata, pons.
D)medulla oblongata, pons, midbrain.

Question 37

Which part of the brain releases the hormone melatonin?

A)Hypothalamus
B)Thalamus
C)Pineal gland
D)Cerebellum

Question 38

A lesion in the cerebral cortex might result in:

A)motor deficits.
B)sensory deficits.
C)intellectual impairment.
D)any of the above.

Question 39

The white matter of the cerebellum is called the:

A)arbor vitae.
B)vermis.
C)peduncle.
D)None of the above is correct.

Question 40

The falx cerebelli separates the:

A)two hemispheres of the cerebrum.
B)cerebellum from the cerebrum.
C)two hemispheres of the cerebrum.
D)dura mater from the arachnoid.

Question 41

The part of the cerebrum integral to articulating words is:

A)Broca's area.
B)the reticular activating system.
C)the limbic system.
D)the insula.

Question 42

The filum terminale is part of the:

A)cerebellum.
B)cerebrum.
C)spinal cord.
D)meninges.

Question 43

The epidural space is:

A)just below the dura mater.
B)just below the arachnoid mater.
C)found only in the area of the spinal cord.
D)between the arachnoid mater and pia mater.

Question 44

If a person received a lumbar puncture that removed 15 mL of cerebrospinal fluid from the spinal cord, that amount would be about what percent of the cerebrospinal fluid?

A)20%
B)10%
C)5%
D)25%

Question 45

As you move from the spinal cord up the central nervous system, the:

A)structural complexity increases.
B)functional complexity increases.
C)structural complexity decreases but the functional complexity increases.
D)Both A and B occur.

Question 46

Axons from the gray horns of the spinal cord terminate in:

A)the cerebral cortex.
B)sensory receptors.
C)skeletal muscle.
D)none of the above.

Question 47

The nervous system is divided into two major divisions, the:

A)brain and spinal cord.
B)central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.
C)cerebrum and cerebellum.
D)afferent and efferent.

Question 48

The corpus callosum connects the:

A)cerebral hemispheres.
B)hippocampus.
C)mammillary body.
D)central sulcus.

Question 49

Which lobe of the cerebral cortex is not important in memory function?

A)Frontal
B)Occipital
C)Temporal
D)Parietal

Question 50

The central section of the cerebellum is called the:

A)arbor vitae.
B)vermis.
C)central sulcus.
D)longitudinal fissure.

Question 51

Which lobe of the cerebral cortex is not involved in language function?

A)Frontal
B)Occipital
C)Temporal
D)All of the above are involved in language function.

Question 52

The corpus callosum is composed of _____ tracts.

A)commissural
B)projection
C)association
D)spinothalamic

Question 53

Besides protection, the cerebrospinal fluid helps regulate:

A)oxygen content of the body.
B)carbon dioxide content of the body.
C)pH of the body.
D)both B and C.

Question 54

Which of the following structures is not part of the spinal cord?

A)Gray commissure
B)Conus medullaris
C)Cauda equina
D)All of the above are part of the spinal cord.

Question 55

The hypothalamus gives rise to a stalk, leading to the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland. This stalk is called the:

A)dentate nuclei.
B)infundibulum.
C)internal capsule.
D)pyramidal tract.

Question 56

Which of the following is not a somatic sense?

A)Touch
B)Pressure
C)Proprioception
D)All of the above are somatic senses.

Question 57

The foramen magnum is the structure that divides the:

A)medulla oblongata from the pons.
B)pons from the midbrain.
C)medulla oblongata from the spinal cord.
D)brainstem from the cerebellum.

Question 58

Which of the following is not an inward extension of the dura mater?

A)Falx callosum
B)Falx cerebri
C)Falx cerebelli
D)Tentorium cerebelli

Question 59

The body's biological clock is controlled by the:

A)pons.
B)thalamus.
C)cerebellum.
D)pineal body.

Question 60

A way to distinguish between the anterior and posterior parts of the spinal cord is that the:

A)dura mater is thickest on the posterior side.
B)posterior fissure is deeper and wider than the anterior fissure.
C)anterior fissure is deeper and wider than the posterior fissure.
D)Both A and B are correct.

Question 61

The corpora quadrigemina is a landmark of which part of the central nervous system?

A)Midbrain
B)Cerebellum
C)Hypothalamus
D)Cerebrum

Question 62

During your lifetime you are capable of remembering such things as telephone numbers, social security numbers, and song lyrics from many years ago. Your ability to perform these long-term memory tasks is possible because:

A)the right and left hemispheres specialize in cerebral functions such as short-term and long-term recognition.
B)repeated impulse conduction over a given neuronal circuit produces synaptic changes, which facilitates impulse transmission at the synapse.
C)the spinothalamic pathway provides discrimination of short-term and long-term memories.
D)extrapyramidal tracts consist of numerous relays of motor neurons that facilitate impulse transmission at the synapse.

Question 63

Which groove is between the frontal and parietal lobes?

A)Central sulcus
B)Lateral fissure
C)Fissure of Sylvius
D)Longitudinal fissure

Question 64

Which of the following is an incorrect statement about the midbrain?

A)It contains the inferior colliculi where auditory centers are located.
B)It contains the superior colliculi where visual centers are located.
C)It contains the red nucleus and black matter that are involved in muscle control.
D)All of the above are correct statements about the midbrain.

Question 65

What structure drains cerebrospinal fluid into the third ventricle?

A)Cerebral aqueduct (of Sylvius)
B)Interventricular foramen (of Monro)
C)Lateral foramina (of Luschka)
D)Cisterna magna

Question 66

Which statement explains how the lack of dopamine physiologically affects those individuals suffering from Parkinson disease?

A)Without dopamine, the excitatory effects of acetylcholine are not restrained, thus postural muscles are overstimulated.
B)Without dopamine, the excitatory effects of acetylcholine are inhibited, thus relaxing postural muscles.
C)Without dopamine, the inhibitory effects of acetylcholine are not restrained, thus postural muscles are overstimulated.
D)Without dopamine, the inhibitory effects of acetylcholine are restrained, thus relaxing postural muscles.

Question 67

Which of the following structures is not part of the diencephalon?

A)Thalamus
B)Arbor vitae
C)Pineal gland
D)All of the above structures are part of the diencephalon.

Question 68

What structure drains cerebrospinal fluid into the fourth ventricle?

A)Cerebral aqueduct (of Sylvius)
B)Interventricular foramen (of Monro)
C)Lateral foramina (of Luschka)
D)Cisterna magna

Question 69

The spinal cord ends at vertebra L1 in a narrowed area called the:

A)cauda equina.
B)filum terminale.
C)conus medullaris.
D)funiculi terminale.

Question 70

The distinction between the reticulospinal and rubrospinal tracts of the spinal cord is that the rubrospinal tract coordinates:

A)body movement and posture, and the reticulospinal tract maintains posture during movement.
B)head and neck movement, and the reticulospinal tract maintains posture.
C)pain and temperature response, and the reticulospinal tract handles crude touch and pressure.
D)unconscious kinesthesia, and the reticulospinal tract maintains posture.

Question 71

The dentate nuclei are an important pair of nuclei in which part of the central nervous system?

A)Midbrain
B)Cerebrum
C)Cerebellum
D)Hypothalamus

Question 72

What lobe of the cerebrum cannot be seen in an exterior view?

A)Temporal
B)Insula
C)Parietal
D)Occipital

Question 73

Secondary sensory neurons conduct impulses from the spinal cord or brainstem to the:

A)hypothalamus.
B)thalamus.
C)cerebellum.
D)parietal lobe of the cerebrum.

Question 74

The olive is found in what part of the brain?

A)Medulla oblongata
B)Pons
C)Midbrain
D)Cerebellum

Question 75

What structure is the deepest groove in the cerebrum?

A)Central sulcus
B)Fissure of Rolando
C)Fissure of Sylvius
D)Longitudinal fissure

Question 76

When someone close to you dies, you feel a sense of sorrow among other emotions. Your ability to experience emotions is the result of the:

A)caudate nucleus.
B)limbic system.
C)pineal gland.
D)reticular activating system.

Question 77

William was recently involved in a serious automobile accident. As a result, he has had difficulty controlling his skeletal muscles and maintaining his balance. What part of the nervous system was most likely damaged?

A)Cerebellum
B)Cerebral cortex
C)Myelin sheath of the peripheral neurons
D)Pineal gland

Question 78

What part of the brain can produce a hormone?

A)Thalamus
B)Pineal gland
C)Hypothalamus
D)Both B and C

Question 79

Since her fall several weeks ago, Juanita has drifted into and out of consciousness. Her arousal and/or alerting mechanisms apparently are not functioning properly. What specific area of the brain is most likely responsible for these factors?

A)Cerebellum
B)Corpora quadrigemina
C)Reticular activating system
D)Thalamus

Question 80

Which of the following is not a true statement about the cerebellum?

A)Its name means "little brain."
B)It has more neurons than any other part of the nervous system.
C)Gray matter makes up the exterior cortex.
D)All of the above statements are true.