Deck 14: Nutrition

Question 1

The public health nurse is providing community education aimed at promoting nutritional habits that decrease an individual's modifiable risk factors for heart disease. Which topics should the nurse include in this teaching session? Select all that apply.

A)Benefits of consuming fruits and vegetables
B)Importance of eliminating all fats
C)Selecting lean protein sources
D)Preparing balanced meals
E)Strategies for maintaining recommended daily caloric intake

Answer 1

Benefits of consuming fruits and vegetables
Selecting lean protein sources
Preparing balanced meals
Strategies for maintaining recommended daily caloric intake

Question 2

The nurse is caring for an adult client with a BMI of 26.8 who complains of sleep apnea and gout. The nurse anticipates that treatment of this patient for obesity will consist of which therapies? Select all that apply.

A)Pharmacotherapy
B)Diet
C)Exercise
D)Behavior modification
E)Surgery

Answer 2

Diet
Exercise
Behavior modification

Question 3

The nurse is preparing educational materials for a client with hypertension. Which of the following elements should the nurse include when preparing this material? Select all that apply.

A)Advising the client to avoid all sodium in the diet
B)Explaining the effects of sodium on blood pressure
C)Teaching the client how to read nutritional labels
D)Helping the client to recognize foods that are low in sodium
E)Showing the client how to follow the DASH eating plan

Answer 3

Explaining the effects of sodium on blood pressure
Teaching the client how to read nutritional labels
Helping the client to recognize foods that are low in sodium
Showing the client how to follow the DASH eating plan

Question 4

The nurse is performing a nutritional assessment of a client who weighs 185 lb and is 5 feet, 3 inches tall. This client's body mass index, rounded to the nearest hundredth, is ________.

Question 5

Which statements regarding upper body obesity are accurate? Select all that apply.

A)Upper body obesity is also called peripheral obesity.
B)Upper body obesity is when the waist-to-hip ratio in men is greater than 0.8 in men or greater than 1 in women.
C)Upper body obesity is associated with a greater risk of hypertension.
D)Young women tend to have more intra-abdominal fat than men.
E)Postmenopausal women tend to have upper body obesity.

Question 6

A nurse working in a community health center is counseling an adolescent regarding a suspected eating disorder. The adolescent is of normal weight but admits to periods of overeating, especially when his parents fight. This client's eating habits best demonstrate which risk factor for obesity?

A)Cultural and environmental factors
B)Heredity
C)Low socioeconomic status
D)Physical inactivity

Question 7

The nurse is caring for an adult female client who is admitted to the hospital with a possible hip fracture. Following the admission assessment, the nurse determines that the client is obese. The client's BMI is 33.2 and her waist circumference is 90 cm. How should the nurse classify her obesity and associated disease risk?

A)Class I, high
B)Class II, very high
C)Class III, extremely high
D)Class I, very high

Question 8

The nurse is teaching a client scheduled for Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery about potential postsurgical complications and how to reduce them. Which client statement best indicates that teaching has been effective?

A)"I need to eat at least one meal a day that is high in simple carbohydrates."
B)"Complications of this surgery are likely to be limited to mild gastrointestinal issues for several days."
C)"I need to be alert for the indications of infection or malnutrition."
D)"I will not continue my exercise program following this surgery."

Question 9

During a home visit, the nurse is assessing an older adult client. Which assessment findings support the nursing diagnosis Imbalanced Nutrition: Less than Body Requirements? Select all that apply.

A)Client reports a problem with dentures slipping while chewing.
B)Client complains of occasional dry mouth and problems with feelings of nausea.
C)Client's adult children arrive to eat dinner together several times a week.
D)Client is prescribed 15 medications.
E)Client's Social Security payments have gone down over the last year.

Question 10

During a health assessment, a client states, "I only eat carbohydrates and low-fat foods. I don't understand why I am still gaining weight!" Which principles of nutrition should guide the nurse's response? Select all that apply.

A)Carbohydrates should only be eaten at breakfast.
B)Eating too many carbohydrates leads to excess glucose, which is converted to fat.
C)Excess carbohydrates can lead to obesity.
D)A carbohydrate-limited diet is the only way to not gain weight.
E)Carbohydrates should be high in fiber and low in sugar.

Question 11

The nurse is assessing a client who has recently had several blood tests done. Which laboratory results would the nurse identify as indicators of malnutrition? Select all that apply.

A)PAB 30 mg/dL
B)PAB 100 mg/L
C)Cholesterol 120 mg/dL
D)Cholesterol 180 mg/dL
E)PAB 12 mg/dL

Question 12

A nurse is caring for a client who weighs 209 pounds and is 1.67 meters tall. The client eats a high-protein diet and lifts weights to increase muscle mass. The client presents with complications such as sleep apnea, which is often caused by obesity. Which statement regarding this client is true?

A)A body mass index calculation should provide an accurate measure of the client's amount of fat.
B)A body mass index calculation is the best possible means of measuring this client's fat if combined with the client's waist-to-hip ratio.
C)This client's body mass index calculation might indicate a false positive for obesity.
D)The client should be given a bioelectrical impedance test to most accurately measure the client's fat.

Question 13

The nurse is assessing the nutritional status of an older client. Which finding is most likely to suggest xerostomia?

A)The client refuses food because it is difficult to chew with missing teeth.
B)The client frequently becomes dehydrated due to failure to remember to drink water.
C)The client has a chronically dry mouth despite adequate intake of fluids.
D)The client does not enjoy foods due to diminished taste.

Question 14

Bariatric surgery is an option for which category of clients?

A)Overweight
B)Pregnant women
C)Adolescents
D)Morbidly obese

Question 15

A nurse is working with an adolescent client who is attempting to lose weight. The client admits having difficulty being compliant with the diet prescribed by the healthcare provider. Which suggestion by the nurse might assist the client in being compliant with the prescribed diet in a way that is sensitive to the client's age?

A)"It can be difficult to avoid unhealthy foods if that's what your friends are eating, but try to choose healthier options when you can."
B)"Write down the exact foods you eat so that you can see what and how much you are eating."
C)"Watch the nutrient content and number of calories in everything you eat."
D)"Eat at the kitchen table so that you eat along with the rest of the family."

Question 16

Which of the following statements best characterizes vitamin use?

A)Clients should be careful not to exceed recommended allowances for daily vitamin intake.
B)Vitamin D is dangerous if taken in large quantities, but there is no upper limit to Vitamin C intake.
C)Generally, two multivitamin pills a day is recommended for all clients regardless of diet.
D)Fat-soluble vitamins in general present the least risk of toxicity to clients who take them in excess.

Question 17

The nurse is planning a teaching seminar for a group of young adult clients who are at risk for obesity. Which statement by the nurse best addresses their needs?

A)There are drugs that are good to use to reduce weight.
B)Obesity often leads to low self-esteem and depression.
C)Proper diet and exercise programs can not only prevent obesity but also potentially improve the ability to think and the positivity of self-perception.
D)Maternal obesity often leads to menstrual irregularities and higher incidences of infertility.

Question 18

The nurse is working with a morbidly obese client who is seeking help to lose weight at a bariatric clinic. When planning this client's care, which nursing diagnosis is the priority?

A)Activity Intolerance
B)Disturbed Body Image
C)Defensive Coping
D)Constipation

Question 19

The community health nurse reviews data collected during interviews with community members during a health fair and decides to create a brochure on how to improve iron intake. Which of the following action items might the nurse include that would help vegans and vegetarians increase their iron intake? Select all that apply.

A)Take calcium supplements.
B)Consume tofu.
C)Consume lentils.
D)Increase intake of vitamin C.
E)Consume Swiss chard.

Question 20

The nurse is providing teaching to a female client about dietary modifications to promote weight loss. Which statement by the nurse is accurate?

A)"Your diet should consist of 1200-1600 calories per day, with calorie consumption increasing toward the end of the day."
B)"Your diet should consist of 750-1000 calories per day, with just one big meal and then intermittent snacking."
C)"Your diet should simply cut 500 calories per day from your normal intake, with a special attention to eliminating all fats from your diet."
D)"Your diet should consist of 1000-1200 calories per day and be low in fat, high in fiber, and include a variety of foods."

Question 21

What is the definition of the basal metabolic rate?

A)The amount of energy stored in fat each day
B)The speed of triglyceride breakdown
C)The cost in kilocalories of being alive
D)The speed at which glucose is converted to energy