Deck 9: Violence

Question 1

Michael Messner suggests that male athletes commit three main forms of violence,both ?during and outside their sport.Which of the following is NOT one of the three forms noted ?by Messner?

A)violence against women
B)violence against other men
C)violence against strangers
D)violence against their own bodies

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Using Smith's categories of sports violence,a tackle in football would be considered:

A)brutal body contact
B)criminal violence
C)borderline violence
D)quasi-criminal violence

Answer 2

A

Question 3

In the late 19ᵗʰ and early 20ᵗʰ centuries,the overpresence of _____ was seen as a significant problem in the lives of boys.

A)men
B)sport coaches
C)women
D)peers

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Your son engages in a fistfight while playing hockey.According to Michael Smith's categories of sports violence,this would be an example of:

A)criminal violence
B)borderline violence
C)quasi-criminal violence
D)brutal body contact

Question 5

Which of the following stands in contrast to catharsis theory?

A)instinct theory
B)violence-begets-violence thesis
C)frustration-aggression theory
D)functionalism

Question 6

_____ is defined as a healthy venting of aggression that reduces the risk of further,more dangerous manifestations of violence.

A)Aggression
B)Frustration
C)Catharsis
D)Pankration

Question 7

Michael Smith defines _____ as any behaviour designed to injure another person,psychologically or physically.

A)authority
B)power
C)violence
D)aggression

Question 8

"Pansification" essentially refers to:

A)allowing women to play what have traditionally been male only sports
B)a perceived threat to the maleness of a sport,especially hockey
C)violence against one's own body
D)refusing to play on in a game after being injured

Question 9

Messner's analysis suggests that there are two group-based processes underlying all three ?forms of men's violence during and outside their sport.These two processes are "misogynist and homophobic talk and actions" and the:

A)suppression of sympathy
B)suppression of empathy
C)suppression of apathy
D)suppression of one's own pain

Question 10

Which of the following theories of violence in sport is rooted in biology?

A)frustration-aggression theory
B)instinct theory
C)social learning theory
D)catharsis theory

Question 11

NHL commissioner Gary Bettman likened fighting in hockey to a thermostat that regulates the game.Based on Bettman's analogy,we could argue that he is a proponent of a variation of which of the following theories?

A)instinct theory
B)functionalism
C)catharsis theory
D)frustration-aggression theory

Question 12

One of the most contentious issues in modern sport is the role of fighting in:

A)football
B)soccer
C)basketball
D)hockey

Question 13

In what year did the NHL introduce a rule requiring players to keep their helmets on ?during fights?

A)1988
B)1995
C)2000
D)2013

Question 14

Violence has been part of the attraction of sport since:

A)the invention of sticks,bats,etc. ,used as equipment in different sports
B)children and youth began playing certain contact sports like hockey and football in ?North America
C)the first organized athletic spectacles in the ancient world
D)women and members of visible minority groups were allowed entry into certain sports

Question 15

Messner's most innovative element for understanding sporting violence is the way he conceptualizes _____,according to the text.

A)violence against their own bodies
B)violence against women
C)violence against men on an opposing team
D)violence against their own team mates

Question 16

According to the text,the most convincing explanation of violence in sport is the _____ theory.

A)social learning
B)instinct
C)frustration-aggression
D)catharsis

Question 17

The most successful sports league is the United States is the _____ and in Canada the dominant sports business is the _____.

A)NBA;NHL
B)NFL;NCAA
C)NBA;CIS
D)NFL;NHL

Question 18

You are watching a friend's daughter play soccer and see a player on her team viciously head-butt a player on the opposing team.This is an example,according to Michael Smith's categories of sports violence,of:

A)brutal body contact
B)criminal violence
C)borderline violence
D)quasi-criminal violence

Question 19

Growing opposition to fighting in hockey has resulted from a greater understanding of the ?long-term consequences of _____.

A)concussions
B)broken bones
C)knee and elbow injuries
D)post-traumatic stress

Question 20

Which of the following is a fair criticism of Michael Smith's categories of sports violence?

A)The categories used by Smith are arbitrary and subjective.
B)The boundaries between categories used by Smith can change over time.
C)The categories used by Smith cannot be applied to all sports.
D)The categories used by Smith cannot be applied to children's sport activities.

Question 21

Your classmate argues,when discussing crowd violence,that new norms for behaviour result from messages between group members and people respond to the moods and actions of those around them.You classmate is,in all likelihood,a/an _____ theorist.

A)convergence theory
B)emergent norm theory
C)contagion theory
D)value-added theory

Question 22

The sixth and final stage of value-added theory is:

A)precipitating factors
B)operation of social control
C)growth and spread of a generalized belief
D)mobilization of participants for action

Question 23

_____ suggests that people come together because of common interests or goals and use the formation for protection to engage in aggressive behaviours.

A)Convergence theory
B)Emergent norm theory
C)Contagion theory
D)Value-added theory

Question 24

With whom do we associate the "value-added theory" of crowd behaviour?

A)Michael Messner
B)Michael Smith
C)Gustave LeBon
D)Neil Smelser

Question 25

The most thoroughly studies aspect of crown violence is:

A)NHL hockey fans in Canada
B)tennis supporters in Spain
C)rugby fans in Australia
D)soccer fans in Britain

Question 26

In which of the following theories of collective behaviour is it argued that people in a crowd ?act together as one unit and frequently engage in spontaneous and irrational action?

A)convergence theory
B)emergent norm theory
C)contagion theory
D)value-added theory

Question 27

In their research considering female athletes' responses to their own pain and injury,both Charlesworth and Young,and Young and White,would argue that the difference between ?male and female athletes in this regard is:

A)a matter of where on the body the pain occurs
B)only a matter of degree
C)related to the level of sport one participates in
D)almost non-existent