Deck 11: Teams

Question 1

Use the Marks,Mathiew,and Zaccaro model of team processes to identify the problems experienced by the second case hospital,Chelsea Hospital,studied by Pisano,Bohmer,and Edmondson (2001).

Answer 1

Answers will vary.

Question 2

Your company uses teams,but they do not appear to be particularly effective.What steps should you take to enhance their utility?

Answer 2

Answers will vary.

Question 3

Compare a cross-functional team to a multiteam system.

Answer 3

Answers will vary.

Question 4

What are quality circles,and how do they differ from teams? What can be done to prevent teams from following in the way of quality circles?

Question 5

What are the KSAs needed for good team members?

Question 6

Select a team to analyze,such as the staff at a fast-food restaurant or a sports team.Use the Input-Process-Output model of team productivity to describe this team at the systems level.

Question 7

Compare the I-P-O model of teams to the I-M-O-I model.

Question 8

How would you measure the intelligence of a group (collective intelligence)?

Question 9

Are men's teams more cohesive,and therefore stronger teams,than women's teams?

Question 10

Compare and contrast the following types of teams,and give an example of each: work teams,management teams,project teams,and advisory teams.

Question 11

You can develop a team training procedure for your organization,and you decide to focus on enhancing members' interdependence.What steps will you take to enhance your team's mental models and transactive memory systems?

Question 12

What are the necessary conditions that must be met before a group can be considered a team?

Question 13

Use Hackman's authority matrix model to identify four basic types of teams based on their level of autonomy.

Question 14

Use the concept of team learning to explain the teams studied by Pisano,Bohmer,and Edmondson (2001).

Question 15

When should you form a team to perform a task instead of attempting it on your own?

Question 16

You must pick a new member for your team,and you can administer several personality tests.What kinds of qualities will you assess and why?

Question 17

What is diversity,as applied to a team? Describe various forms diversity can take.

Question 18

You are planning a mission to explore the planet Mars.When you create the team that you will send,what types of diversity will you build into the group and why?

Question 19

You can either create psychological safety in your team,or interpersonal trust in your team.Which condition will you create,how will you do it,and why that quality and not the other?

Question 20

What are the processes that distinguish between a typical team and a highly effective team?

Question 21

Quality circles are small,self-regulated groups of employees that identify ways to improve product quality.

Question 22

Cross-functional teams have proven themselves to be the most effective type of teams in organizational settings.

Question 23

The best predictor of the collective intelligence of a team is the level of intelligence of the each of the individual members.

Question 24

Teams composed of only men routinely outperform teams composed of only women.

Question 25

Holocracy is a multiteam system that requires all the members of an organization join to form a single,mega-team.

Question 26

Collective intelligence,or the c-factor,is the group's capacity to perform a wide range of tasks effectively.

Question 27

Team training begins by training individuals first then incorporating them into existing teams.

Question 28

Team effectiveness is most closely associated with extraversion and emotional stability.

Question 29

KSAs,or known self actions,are the personal self-regulation qualities necessary for effective work on teams.

Question 30

A team's cohesiveness should be based on task cohesion rather than any of the less forms of cohesion (e.g. ,social cohesion).

Question 31

Teams have collective goals;to some degree,success and failure occurs at the group level.

Question 32

Most Fortune 500 companies use teams,but nonprofit organizations rarely do.

Question 33

Moreland's studies of team training suggest that when group members train individually,they more quickly develop a durable and comprehensive transactive memory.

Question 34

Teams are groups,but not all groups are teams.

Question 35

One of the defining features of a team is collective pursuit of shared,rather than individual,goals.

Question 36

Diverse ability groups outperform homogeneous groups if the members of the homogenous have low skill levels.

Question 37

Hackman's studies of diversity in performing orchestras found that orchestras with a larger proportion of women were viewed more negatively,but that this tendency was greater for men than women and in some countries rather than others.

Question 38

The organizational trust model argues trust in work settings,including teams,is based on perceptions of ability,benevolence,and integrity.

Question 39

The I-P-O model of teams assumes that the elements are sequential and directionally fixed: inputs lead to processes which lead to outputs.

Question 40

According to the "romance of teams" concept,people prefer teams because they often trigger the development of romantic relationships among members.

Question 41

According to the "romance of teams,"

A)people put too much faith in to teams as the best method for getting work done.
B)people prefer teams because they often trigger the development of romantic relationships among members.
C)the use of teams is consistent with a scientific management approach to workplace productivity.
D)team leaders must sometimes "win the team over" to their way of doing things.
E)teams have taken the primary,leading role in modern organizations.

Question 42

Which list correctly sequences the four levels of team self-management identified by Hackman,from least autonomous to most autonomous?

A)self-managing,self-designing,manager-led,self-governing
B)manager-led,self-managing,self-designing,self-governing
C)manager-led,self-designing,self-managing,self-governing
D)self-governing,self-managing,self-designing,self-monitoring
E)self-monitoring,self-managing,self-governing,self-designing

Question 43

Studies of the relationship between personality and team effectiveness suggest that

A)there is no such thing as a "team player."
B)team skills cannot be learned: they are fixed by nature.
C)emotional stability is the key predictor of team effectiveness.
D)team outcomes depend on composition,not team members' personalities.
E)team effectiveness is most closely associated with agreeableness and conscientiousness.

Question 44

I believe that a team is,in many respects,like a complex organism in that it takes in inputs from the environment,processes those inputs,and then generates outputs in a continuous,recursive process.I am a(n)___ theorist in my approach to teams.

A)motivational
B)systems
C)behavioral
D)cognitive
E)organizational

Question 45

People turn to groups to perform tasks

A)when the task is beyond the skills and resources of a single person.
B)when the consequences of poor performance would be catastrophic.
C)when the task is so complex that it can only be successfully performed through integrated action.
D)in all the circumstances listed here.

Question 46

You are the supervisor of a division in your organization.Your boss assigns you to a new team composed of representatives from many of the organization's divisions.The team is tasked with identifying ways to improve collaboration.Lucky you: you are now a member of a ___ team.

A)work
B)cross-functional
C)project
D)management
E)holacracy

Question 47

___ is the process by which members of a team combine their knowledge,skills,abilities,and other resources,through a coordinated series of actions,to produce an outcome.

A)Synergy
B)Team-building
C)Teamwork
D)Transactive memory
E)Interpersonal trust

Question 48

The intuitive appeal of teams as effective means of improving performance in business and organizational settings,despite the relative lack of definitive evidence supporting their utility,is known as

A)groupthink.
B)the Abilene paradox.
C)the assumed wisdom of crowds.
D)trust in numbers effect
E)the romance of teams.

Question 49

Which of the following statements is true?

A)Most Fortune 500 companies use teams,but nonprofit organizations are less team oriented.
B)Teams gained popularity in response to calls for greater worker autonomy and participation in decision making.
C)After peaking in the mid-1950s,team approaches have been declining in popularity.
D)The word "team" was first used to describe military squads within the Roman legions.

Question 50

Which one is an essential component of a systems approach to teams?

A)accountability
B)leadership
C)structure
D)interaction
E)feedback

Question 51

In teams,the members

A)are pursuing goals that each member finds personally meaningful.
B)compete with each other,so any one person's success means someone else in the group will fail.
C)work collaboratively in the pursuit of group-level goals.
D)realize that,should they fail as individuals,others will step in and help them.
E)monitor their progress toward their goals through group discussion.

Question 52

Teams are

A)usually self-managed;they rarely have leaders.
B)used primarily in educational settings.
C)noteworthy in that members are pursuing personal goals rather than collective ones.
D)usually well-organized groups seeking shared goals through collaboration.

Question 53

Holacracy is an example of a ___ system.

A)closed
B)cross-functional
C)project
D)multiteam
E)manager-led

Question 54

They plan,direct,strategize,integrate,coordinate,and prioritize.They are ___ teams.

A)project
B)advisory
C)management
D)work

Question 55

Which of the following is NOT consistent with a systems theory of teams?

A)The team changes in response to feedback about the quality of its products.
B)The process stage includes processes that transform inputs into outputs.
C)The elements are sequentially invariant: inputs lead to processes which lead to outputs.
D)Mediating mechanisms influence the connection between inputs and outputs.
E)Outputs include products as well as changes in the system itself.

Question 56

Drawing on Hackman's authority matrix,quality circles were usually ___ teams.

A)manager-led
B)self-managing
C)self-designing
D)self-governing

Question 57

At Acme Materials,Inc. ,the CEO appoints a(n)___ team,and charges it with developing a specific action plan for decreasing the negative impact of the organization on the environment;when it delivers its plan,it will disband.

A)work
B)advisory
C)project
D)management

Question 58

Which of the following statements is true?

A)"Team" is another word for "group."
B)A team is basically a leader-centered group.
C)A team is basically a self-managed (leaderless)group.
D)Groups are teams,but teams are not groups.
E)Teams are groups,but not all groups are teams.

Question 59

In the I-M-O-I model of teams,the M stands for

A)management.
B)moderator.
C)mediator.
D)multiple.
E)mechanism.

Question 60

Which of the following is NOT one of the types of teams identified by Hackman in his analysis of team autonomy?

A)manager-led team
B)quality-control team
C)self-governing team
D)self-managing team
E)self-designing team

Question 61

Gradually the students,after taking multiple-choice tests as a group for three weeks in a row,developed ___: a shared representation of the task as well as a shared understanding of the team's processes and team members' strengths.

A)a team mental model
B)a collective mind
C)synergy
D)teamality
E)groupality

Question 62

Moreland's studies of team training suggest that when group members train ___ they more quickly develop a durable and comprehensive transactive memory.

A)offsite (to focus on the individual skills provided)
B)individually (each member receives full attention)
C)together (to focus on team coordination)
D)online (each member can move at their own place)

Question 63

Studies of the effectiveness of teams at Google indicated the most successful teams had clear,consensual norms,but also high levels of:

A)intermember trust
B)cohesion.
C)rewards.
D)psychological safety.
E)interdependence.

Question 64

Their __ is the primary advantage of homogenous teams relative to diverse teams.

A)creativity
B)efficiency
C)cohesiveness
D)skill levels
E)resourcefulness

Question 65

In the five-factor model,dependability,dutifulness,achievement motivation,and efficacy are markers of

A)emotional stability.
B)extraversion.
C)openness.
D)agreeableness.
E)conscientiousness.

Question 66

Hackman,in his real team's model,stresses one quality as critical for turning a run-of-the-mill team into a real team.That quality is:

A)a compelling purpose that ties each members' outcomes to the team's outcomes.
B)a strong leader who organizes the team.
C)members who are willing to engage in backup behaviors.
D)a shared mental model.
E)a high level of psychological safety.

Question 67

Which of the following is NOT a quality that is characteristic of highly effective teams?

A)Teams have leaders who assign tasks to members.
B)Team member actions are coordinated.
C)Teams have collective goals,meaning that success and failure occurs at the group level.
D)Team members are highly interdependent rather than self-sufficient.
E)Teams tend to be well structured,in that roles,norms,and relations are stable.

Question 68

Research suggests that performance on additive tasks is predicted by ___,but performance on conjunctive tasks is predicted by ___.

A)emotional stability;extraversion
B)conscientiousness;agreeableness
C)agreeableness;extraversion
D)extraversion;emotional stability
E)conscientiousness;openness to experience

Question 69

You and your teammates are busy defining your team's mission,clarifying and prioritizing goals,and developing strategies and alternative courses of action to reach those goals.Marks,Mathieu,and Zaccaro would label this element of your group's coordinated action ___ processing.

A)interpersonal
B)action
C)transition
D)planning

Question 70

Which of the following is NOT one of the core components of coordinated team action,as conceptualized by Marks,Mathieu,and Zaccaro?

A)transitioning
B)communication
C)acting
D)managing interpersonal relations

Question 71

A team of ___ will likely be the most satisfying for members and the most productive.

A)all Type A personality types
B)all Type B personality types
C)equal numbers of Types As and Type Bs
D)Type Bs with a minority of As
E)Type As with a minority of Bs

Question 72

Cultural diversity

A)unlike other forms of diversity,usually increases a group's cohesion.
B)is a form of deep diversity,since it is usually associated with differences in language,experiences,ideology,and values.
C)was minimized in the astronaut crews at the International Space Station.
D)is not related to team performance.

Question 73

KSAs are

A)the knowledge,skills,and abilities required to perform a task well.
B)known statistical assumptions that determine the relationship between group composition and performance.
C)known social aggregates,such as work teams.
D)knowledge-based skilled action,a method for solving problems in teams.

Question 74

Teams with members who vary in ability and skill

A)perform more poorly than homogenous teams.
B)outperform homogeneous teams if the members of the homogenous team have low skill levels.
C)perform similarly to homogeneous teams composed of highly skilled members.
D)are usually more cohesive than highly homogenous groups.

Question 75

Which of the following statements is true?

A)Hackman argues team goals should be clear,challenging,and consequential,but not overly specified.
B)Teams rarely experience conflict.
C)Teams should be highly organized,so they function with the efficiency of a bureaucracies.
D)Studies of the effectiveness of the teams at Google indicated that their success was based on the diversity of these teams.

Question 76

Which of the following was NOT a characteristic of the high-performance teams identified by Bennis and Biederman in their study of "great groups"?

A)The teams were composed of highly skilled individuals-the crème of the crop.
B)The teams were highly structured-lines of authority were clear and uncontested by members.
C)Members tended to be young rather than old,with very optimistic expectations about their competencies.
D)The teams' leaders recruited and retained the right individuals needed by the team.

Question 77

The two most essential KSAs needed for effective team members are

A)skills related to the team's tasks and skill in working with others.
B)a positive,optimistic outlook and positive achievement orientation.
C)concern for self and concern for others.
D)expressive communication skills and listening skills.
E)leadership skills and followership skills.

Question 78

When researchers measured "group intelligence" by having groups complete a series of tasks that sampled from many sectors of the McGrath circumplex,they discovered groups

A)of mostly men outperformed groups of women or ones with many female members.
B)performed best when members contributed at nearly equal rates when working on the tasks.
C)that did well on performance type tasks did poorly on decision-making tasks.
D)with many intelligent individual members performed no better than groups whose members were less intelligent.

Question 79

Which of the following statements is true about KSAs?

A)Teams are transformative,and so when well-designed they perform well-beyond the KSAs of their members.
B)A team composed of relatively low caliber members will likely perform poorly.
C)Because teams are transformative,in team sports,such as baseball,the quality of individual players does not predict the quality of the team's performance.
D)Social skills are more important for team success than KSAs related to task performance.

Question 80

Which of the following statements is true?

A)Groups that achieve diversity by including people who vary in their skill level outperform groups comprised of all highly skilled members.
B)All female groups tend to outperform all male groups.
C)The lone man or woman in an otherwise homogeneously gendered group is often subjected to greater scrutiny than other group members.
D)Adding a single woman to otherwise all-male groups undermines the group's performance on masculine-type tasks,such as wilderness survival games.