Deck 10: Substance-Related, Addictive, and Impulse-Control Disorders

Question 1

All of the following substances are classified as opiates EXCEPT

A)cocaine.
B)codeine.
C)heroin.
D)morphine.

Answer 1

cocaine.

Question 2

Alcohol and the drugs Seconal, Amytal, and Valium are all classified as

A)stimulants.
B)opiates.
C)depressants.
D)narcotics.

Answer 2

depressants.

Question 3

The need for increased amounts of a substance to achieve the desired effect, and the diminished effect with continued use of the same amount, is referred to as

A)resistance.
B)dependence.
C)tolerance.
D)intoxication.

Answer 3

tolerance.

Question 4

Both morphine and codeine are analgesics, which means that they

A)activate the central nervous system.
B)relieve pain and produce euphoria.
C)increase alertness.
D)cause delusions and dissociative experiences.

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of alcohol's effects on brain functioning?

A)Faster reaction time
B)Improved judgment
C)Impaired motor coordination
D)Greater creativity

Question 6

Substance intoxication is determined by all of the following EXCEPT

A)the specific drug that is used.
B)how much of a drug is used or ingested.
C)the drug user's individual biological reaction.
D)physiological dependence on the drug.

Question 7

Auburn has a cup of coffee every morning, smokes 10 cigarettes a day, and has a beer with dinner. This is an example of

A)substance use.
B)a substance use disorder.
C)polysubstance abuse.
D)substance intoxication.

Question 8

The condition called delirium tremens, also known as the DTs, involves hallucinations and body tremors during withdrawal from

A)heroin.
B)cocaine.
C)alcohol.
D)marijuana.

Question 9

Researchers estimate that almost ________________ of the people in addiction treatment centers have an additional psychiatric disorders.

A)one-fifth
B)one-third
C)one-half
D)three-fourths

Question 10

According to the text, researchers estimate what percentage of individuals in America engage in binge drinking?

A)25%
B)30%
C)44%
D)98%

Question 11

A person who is physiologically dependent on a drug will experience

A)tolerance to the effects of the drug.
B)withdrawal symptoms if the drug is withdrawn.
C)psychological craving
D)all of these are correct

Question 12

Carol has been addicted to narcotics for many years. Recently, she has been trying to quit and has not used any drugs for the last week. We can expect that Carol will be experiencing

A)fever and chills.
B)nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
C)aches and pains.
D)all of these are correct

Question 13

Although most psychoactive substances interact with specific substances in the brain cells, the effects of ________ are much more complex because several different neurotransmitter systems are affected.

A)opiates
B)tranquilizers
C)alcohol
D)marijuana

Question 14

Which of the following would NOT be an example of substance use, as opposed to substance intoxication, substance abuse, or substance dependence?

A)Smoking a cigarette
B)Drinking a cup of coffee
C)Taking a sleeping pill
D)Getting drunk

Question 15

A perspective of substance dependence that involves "drug-seeking behaviors" includes all of the following EXCEPT

A)repeated use of the drug.
B)a desperate need to ingest more of the drug.
C)resuming drug use after a period of abstinence.
D)physical symptoms when the drug is no longer used.

Question 16

In terms of substance-related disorders, the word addiction is most closely associated with

A)substance use.
B)intoxication.
C)substance dependence.
D)polysubstance abuse.

Question 17

______________ disorders are observed in more than 40% of people in addiction treatment centers.

A)Mood
B)Anxiety
C)Personality
D)Dissociative

Question 18

The _________ system seems to be particularly sensitive to alcohol.

A)dopamine
B)GABA
C)Wernicke
D)olfactory

Question 19

What explains the apparent stimulation, feeling of well-being, and outgoing behavior as the initial effects of alcohol ingestion?

A)Depression of the inhibitory centers in the brain
B)Activation of the inhibitory centers in the brain
C)Depression of the autonomic nervous system
D)Stimulation of the autonomic nervous system

Question 20

The American Psychiatric Association defines substance abuse in terms of

A)how drunk or intoxicated a person gets after ingesting a psychoactive substance.
B)whether or not the substance interferes with the person's life.
C)the type and intensity of the substance abuser's biological reaction.
D)which drug is used and how much of it is consumed in one episode.

Question 21

All of the following can occur in people who are alcohol dependent for even short periods of time EXCEPT

A)blackouts and/or seizures.
B)hallucinations.
C)memory loss.
D)dementia.

Question 22

All of the following are symptoms of withdrawal from alcohol EXCEPT

A)nausea and/or vomiting.
B)hypersomnia.
C)hallucinations.
D)delirium tremens.

Question 23

Which of the following is the definition of hypnotic?

A)Sleep-inducing
B)Anxiety-reducing
C)Antiseizure
D)Calming

Question 24

Consequences of long-term excessive drinking include

A)liver disease and/or pancreatitis.
B)cardiovascular disorders.
C)brain damage.
D)all of these are correct

Question 25

Minerva was extremely anxious and worried about everything. She thought that something terrible would happen and worried what people thought about her. She was also jumpy and suffered from episodes of heart palpitations due to anxiety. Her doctor most likely prescribed____________ to help her.

A)an opiate
B)a benzodiazepine
C)an anxiolytic
D)an antidepressant

Question 26

Which of the following is the definition of anxiolytic?

A)Sleep-inducing
B)Anxiety-reducing
C)Antiseizure
D)Calming

Question 27

Lifetime prevalence rates for alcohol use disorder, meaning a person met criteria for an alcohol use disorder at some point in during his or her life, are more than

A)35%
B)29%
C)21%
D)16%

Question 28

Annabelle has been a heavy drinker for years. Her behavior reflects confusion, loss of muscle coordination, and unintelligible speech. Such behavior is probably the result of

A)dementia.
B)substance abuse psychotic disorder.
C)fetal alcohol syndrome.
D)Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.

Question 29

Casey was offered a full scholarship to a prestigious conservatory, but his alcohol use got more and more out of control, and in addition to suffering from several interfering symptoms, he was forced to drop out of school after the first semester. He was also very much in debt because of his alcohol use and had estranged himself from his family. Casey's alcohol use disorder would be specified as

A)combined type
B)interfering type
C)moderate
D)severe

Question 30

Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a combination of problems that can occur in a child whose mother drank alcohol while pregnant. Symptoms of FAS include all of the following EXCEPT

A)cognitive deficits and behavior problems.
B)distorted facial features.
C)learning difficulties.
D)excessive fetal growth.

Question 31

Which of the following is an accurate statement about alcohol use?

A)Education is negatively correlated with recent alcohol use.
B)Half of all Americans over the age of 12 report being current drinkers of alcohol.
C)Female college students were more likely than male college students to report several episodes of binge drinking in a two-week period.
D)Alcohol use in the elderly population is typically high.

Question 32

In a large survey among college-aged men and women, it was found that

A)about 75% of the respondents said that they had gone on a binge of heavy drinking once in the preceding two weeks.
B)there was no relationship between frequency of drinking and grades.
C)students with a grade-point average of "A" had no more than one drink per week.
D)"D" and "F" students averaged 11 alcoholic drinks per week.

Question 33

Which of the following is the definition of sedative?

A)Sleep-inducing
B)Anxiety-reducing
C)Antiseizure
D)Calming

Question 34

Mixing caffeinated energy drinks with alcohol can reduce the sedative effect of alcohol, which may

A)increase the depressant effects of alcohol.
B)lead to alcohol causing violent behavior.
C)increase the likelihood of later abuse.
D)reduce the stimulant effects of alcohol.

Question 35

Which of the following is an accurate statement about alcoholism?

A)A progressive pattern leading to alcoholism is inevitable for those who drink alcohol.
B)The factors that determine a drinker's susceptibility to alcoholism are not yet known.
C)Alcohol use and aggressive behavior are negatively correlated.
D)Use of alcohol by preteens and young teenagers does not predict later abuse.

Question 36

Different rates of alcohol dependence in different countries/regions can be attributed to differences in all of the following EXCEPT

A)impulse control.
B)attitude toward alcohol.
C)availability of alcohol.
D)physiological reactions.

Question 37

In some individuals, chronic alcohol use causes physical damage to the body. Whether this occurs depends on all of the following factors EXCEPT

A)blood alcohol levels during drinking periods.
B)the type of alcohol consumed.
C)genetic vulnerability.
D)how frequently drinking binges occur, how long they last, and how much time elapses between binges.

Question 38

You have just heard about a situation in which someone who was drunk vandalized a building and assaulted a security guard. From your knowledge of abnormal psychology, you are aware that although alcohol does not cause aggressive behavior, it may

A)stimulate the inhibitory center of the brain, causing aggressive behavior.
B)activate the aggressive genes in the person's DNA.
C)impair the ability to consider the consequences of acting impulsively.
D)increase the anxiety associated with being punished for one's actions.

Question 39

Research that asks individuals to indicate alcohol use during the previous one-month period has found that alcohol use is highest among

A)Hispanics.
B)Asian Americans.
C)Caucasian Americans.
D)people with multiracial backgrounds.

Question 40

Which of the following does NOT represent the specific effect of alcohol on a particular neurotransmitter system?

A)Serotonin-alcoholic cravings
B)Glutamate-alcoholic blackouts
C)Dopamine-slurred speech
D)GABA-anti-anxiety effect

Question 41

Which of the following is an accurate statement about amphetamines and/or amphetamine use disorders?

A)Amphetamines cause a period of depression and fatigue (called "crashing"), which is followed by feelings of elation and euphoria.
B)Amphetamines cause an increase in appetite and a decrease in fatigue.
C)Amphetamines decrease the availability of dopamine and norepinephrine in the nervous system.
D)Amphetamine overdose can cause hallucinations, panic, agitation, and paranoid delusions.

Question 42

Which of the following is the definition of anticonvulsant?

A)Sleep-inducing
B)Anxiety-reducing
C)Antiseizure
D)Calming

Question 43

The most commonly consumed of all the psychoactive drugs are the stimulants, which include all of the following EXCEPT

A)caffeine.
B)cocaine.
C)nicotine.
D)mescaline.

Question 44

Stimulation of the ________ neurons in the "pleasure pathway" (the site in the brain that seems to be involved in the experience of pleasure) probably causes the "high" associated with cocaine use.

A)dopamine
B)serotonin
C)adrenaline
D)endorphin

Question 45

The most common of the psychoactive substances, used by 90% of Americans, is

A)nicotine.
B)caffeine.
C)marijuana.
D)opium.

Question 46

Which of the following effects is associated with cocaine use?

A)Decreased alertness
B)Increased appetite
C)Decreased pulse and blood pressure
D)Rapid and irregular heartbeat

Question 47

Methamphetamine was invented in the

A)1930s
B)1950s
C)1970s
D)1990s

Question 48

Misuse of the benzodiazepine ________ has resulted in it being referred to as the "date rape drug."

A)Amytal
B)Halcion
C)Ritalin
D)Rohypnol

Question 49

In early editions of the DSM, into what disorder category did alcoholism and drug abuse fall?

A)Mood and anxiety disorders
B)Impulse control disorders
C)Sociopathic personality disturbances
D)Obsessive compulsive disturbances

Question 50

Women may relapse more than men from quitting smoking because

A)of weight gain experienced after quitting.
B)they tend to have more symptoms of depression and anxiety.
C)they experience higher levels of stress at work.
D)women have higher levels of stress due to the imbalance of childcare in the home.

Question 51

According to the text, the overdose of which of the following drugs is a common means of suicide?

A)Benzodiazepines
B)Barbiturates
C)Stimulants
D)Hallucinogens

Question 52

Which of the following drugs is NOT classified as a benzodiazepine?

A)Ativan
B)Valium
C)Xanax
D)Seconal

Question 53

According to the DSM, one of the features of cannabis intoxication is

A)psychomotor agitation.
B)gastrointestinal disturbances.
C)mood swings.
D)blurring of vision.

Question 54

Ecstasy is a pressed pill; ___________ is a purified powder in capsules.

A)"Mary Jane"
B)"Lucy"
C)"Molly"
D)"Angel"

Question 55

The DSM-5 does not describe an intoxication pattern for ____________ disorders.

A)stimulant-related
B)tobacco-related
C)depressant-related
D)opioid-related

Question 56

The benzodiazepine medications are prescribed primarily to treat

A)pain.
B)depression.
C)anxiety.
D)addiction.

Question 57

Your shy and introverted friend tells you that she has discovered a wonder drug that produces feelings of euphoria and is not addictive. When you realize that she is talking about cocaine, you inform her that

A)scientists agree that it is wonder drug just as she describes.
B)in the early 20th century, cocaine was an ingredient in Pepsi-Cola.
C)cocaine will make her more social and outgoing.
D)she will develop a growing inability to resist taking more.

Question 58

Nikolay has decided to stop smoking (again). He can expect to experience which of the following withdrawal symptoms?

A)Elevated mood
B)Decreased appetite
C)Weight loss
D)Irritability

Question 59

From a physiological perspective, the reason that a nicotine addict smokes cigarettes frequently throughout the day is to prevent withdrawal symptoms, which include all of the following EXCEPT

A)irritability.
B)weight loss.
C)depression.
D)difficulty concentrating.

Question 60

Since 1960 _____________ use has decline and ______________________ use has increased.

A)benzodiazepine; barbiturate
B)barbiturate; benzodiazepine
C)stimulant; barbiturate
D)alcohol; LSD

Question 61

According to the DSM, one of the features of hallucinogen intoxication is

A)psychomotor agitation.
B)gastrointestinal disturbances.
C)dry mouth.
D)blurring of vision.

Question 62

Even after Timon read Psychedelics for Dummies, he was unable to produce LSD in the lab. He decided he would have to find a hallucinogen naturally. Therefore, he should look for which naturally occurring hallucinogen?

A)Peyote
B)Psilocybe mushroom
C)Seeds of the morning glory plant
D)All of these are correct

Question 63

The brain's own version of THC is a neurochemical called

A)endorphin.
B)cannabinoid.
C)encephalin.
D)anandamide.

Question 64

Use of testosterone-derived anabolic-androgenic steroids differs from other illicit drug use because

A)the "high" produced from steroid use is more intense than that experienced with other drugs.
B)steroids are used to increase body mass and enhance performance.
C)more females than males use anabolic steroids.
D)steroids can be taken orally or by injection.

Question 65

All of the following are informative and accurate statements about inhalants EXCEPT that

A)inhalant use is most commonly observed among college students.
B)symptoms of inhalant use include slurred speech, dizziness, and euphoria.
C)long-term inhalant use can damage bone marrow, the kidneys, the liver, and the brain.
D)use of inhalants can cause users to be antisocial and aggressive.

Question 66

Caffeine seems to block ____________________ reuptake.

A)dopamine
B)serotonin
C)GABA
D)adenosine

Question 67

Enkephalins and endorphins are natural opioids found in

A)the brain.
B)the humoral system.
C)DNA.
D)poppy seeds.

Question 68

Legally available narcotic medications, including morphine and codeine, are used primarily as

A)antagonists.
B)analgesics.
C)antibiotics.
D)antidotes.

Question 69

Major signs of withdrawal do not usually occur with ___________.

A)heroin
B)nicotine
C)cannabis
D)cocaine

Question 70

Substances that distort sensory experiences, feelings, and perceptions are known as

A)opiates.
B)hallucinogens.
C)"roofies."
D)"benzos."

Question 71

The common factor among psychoactive drugs may be

A)their ability to activate the "pleasure pathways" of the brain.
B)the ease of obtaining them and the relatively inexpensive cost.
C)the similar way in which they are metabolized in the body.
D)their identical effect on neurotransmitters at the synapse.

Question 72

Which of the following hallucinogenic substances is processed synthetically?

A)Marijuana
B)LSD
C)Psilocybin
D)Mescaline

Question 73

Which of the following is an accurate statement concerning marijuana use and abuse?

A)Paranoia and hallucinations can occur.
B)Tolerance develops rapidly.
C)Psychological dependence can occur with even occasional use.
D)Marijuana is free of carcinogens.

Question 74

Among the so-called recreational or illicit "designer drugs" is a dissociative anesthetic that produces a sense of detachment along with a reduced awareness of pain. It is called

A)ecstasy (MDMA).
B)"Special K."
C)Eve.
D)Nexus.

Question 75

Which of the following are examples of opioids?

A)Chemicals in the poppy
B)Hydrocodone
C)Enkephalins
D)All of these are correct

Question 76

Among the opioids are both natural substances (opiates) and the synthetic narcotic called

A)morphine.
B)heroin.
C)methadone.
D)codeine.

Question 77

Illicit use of opioid-containing prescriptions is the _____________ most common type of illicit drug use in 2014 after marijuana.

A)second
B)third
C)fourth
D)fifth

Question 78

A recent research study on alcoholism suggests that while use of illegal drugs is influenced by environmental factors, abuse and dependence are more influenced by

A)genetic factors.
B)psychological factors.
C)nonbiological factors.
D)cultural factors.

Question 79

Steven had been "hooked" for a while before he decided to "go clean." Within 6 to 12 hours, he started to experience excessive yawning, nausea and vomiting, chills, muscle aches, diarrhea, and insomnia. His behavior disrupted his work and social relationships. These symptoms persisted for three days. After a week, he felt better. Steven is probably withdrawing from

A)alcohol.
B)cocaine.
C)heroin.
D)LSD.

Question 80

Which of the following substances is NOT physiologically addicting?

A)Alcohol
B)LSD
C)Cocaine
D)All of these are correct