Deck 15: Feeding and Eating Disorders

Question 1

Which of the following treatments is most likely to be effective for those with BED?

A) medication
B) CBT or interpersonal therapy
C) behavioral weight loss treatments
D) relaxation training

Answer 1

CBT or interpersonal therapy

Question 2

Which of the following is the primary treatment for ARFID?

A) cognitive-behavioral therapy
B) interpersonal therapy
C) exposure and avoidance prevention
D) skills training

Answer 2

exposure and avoidance prevention

Question 3

Statistically,which of the following individuals would be LEAST likely to engage in pica?

A) children with intellectual disabilities
B) those with iron or zinc deficiency
C) those with obsessive compulsive disorders
D) pregnant women

Answer 3

those with obsessive compulsive disorders

Question 4

Mealtimes with Xavier are a chore.He usually doesn't want to eat and will turn his head and try to escape if offered more than one spoonful of food at each mealtime.Which condition best describes Xavier's signs and symptoms?

A) Xavier should be diagnosed with infantile anorexia.
B) Xavier should be diagnosed with ARFID.
C) Xavier should be diagnosed with sensory food aversion.
D) Xavier should be diagnosed with posttraumatic feeding.

Question 5

Adeline developed bulimia nervosa shortly after her older sister left for college.According to interpersonal therapy,which interpersonal problem area does this represent?

A) grief
B) role transition
C) role dispute
D) interpersonal deficits

Question 6

Amy's 8-month-old daughter is always grabbing things and putting them in her mouth.Amy has to make sure to watch her at all times,otherwise she might eat dust bunnies,threads from the carpet,sand,and coins.Does Amy's daughter have pica?

A) Yes.
B) No, because a person cannot be diagnosed with pica until he or she is 2 years old.
C) No, because the exact items she is eating do not fall under the categories specified in the diagnostic definition of pica.
D) No, because Amy's daughter's behavior is not developmentally inappropriate.

Question 7

Bonnie is undergoing treatment for bulimia nervosa.In this treatment,the therapist tells her that it's not her fault that she's been purging-she's sick.It's the illness that has been causing these symptoms.What treatment do you suspect Bonnie is undergoing?

A) cognitive-behavioral therapy-phase 1
B) cognitive-behavioral therapy-phase 2
C) cognitive-behavioral therapy-phase 3
D) interpersonal therapy

Question 8

Which of the following is the course of infantile anorexia?

A) It typically remits on its own without treatment.
B) It typically results in children being underweight for several years.
C) It typically rebounds resulting in obesity in most school-age children.
D) Recovery is possible but relapse is very common.

Question 9

Operant conditioning to treat pica most commonly uses which of the following first?

A) positive reinforcement
B) negative reinforcement
C) positive punishment
D) negative punishment

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a cause of children's sensory food aversion?

A) hypersensitivity to texture
B) hypersensitivity to certain tastes
C) classical conditioning that provokes a fear or disgust reaction in the presence of certain foods
D) positive reinforcement for tantrumming by withdrawing the food

Question 11

Teaching a child to suck on a pacifier instead of eating sand would be considered which of the following?

A) differential reinforcement of zero behavior
B) differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior
C) using a pica box
D) facial screening

Question 12

Gina,age 4,will eat only yellow and white foods.She refuses all others.Which of the following is true of Gina?

A) She can be diagnosed with ARFID.
B) She has the posttraumatic feeding version of ARFID.
C) She can only be diagnosed with ARFID if her nutrition or family relationships are significantly affected by her strange eating habits.
D) She can only be diagnosed with ARFID if this behavior has persisted for more than 1 year.

Question 13

Which feeding or eating disorders are most commonly seen in children with developmental disabilities?

A) bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder
B) pica and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder
C) pica and rumination disorder
D) rumination disorder and bulimia nervosa

Question 14

Once children with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder have learned to accept food from therapists,parents ______.

A) usually will not have much difficulty feeding their children
B) usually evoke a reemergence of food refusal
C) have even greater success than the therapist
D) are unable to follow the prescribed techniques

Question 15

Therapy for binge eating disorder most closely resembles treatment for which of the following?

A) bipolar disorder
B) anorexia nervosa
C) bulimia nervosa
D) conduct disorder

Question 16

Which of the following does NOT contribute to infantile anorexia according to the transactional model for feeding disorders?

A) high ghrelin suppression at the start of meals
B) high physiological arousal
C) strong-willed temperaments
D) parental anxiety regarding children's eating

Question 17

The results of studies testing the effectiveness of antidepressants in treating bulimia nervosa have shown which of the following?

A) They are effective enough to be considered a first-line treatment.
B) They are effective but their side effects make them unusable for a majority of adolescents.
C) Though they may be effective in reducing bingeing and purging, they typically cannot eliminate these symptoms.
D) Though they may be effective in preventing relapse, they cannot reduce bingeing and purging initially.

Question 18

Which component of contingency management for ARFID seems to be essential for treatment?

A) escape extinction
B) positive reinforcement
C) time out
D) distraction

Question 19

Brent vomits up his food and rechews and swallows it at least twice per day.Whenever he does,his mother rushes over to him to prevent him from choking,leaving his older brother and sister behind.Given this description,which of the following best describes the maintenance of the regurgitation?

A) positive reinforcement
B) negative reinforcement
C) classical conditioning
D) positive punishment

Question 20

Brent's mother is concerned.At least two times a day when she feeds him,he throws up,rechews the food,and then swallows it again.At age 14 months,this seems unusual and is disturbing to her.This has been going on since he was 9 months old.Which of the following would you need to know before diagnosing Brent with rumination disorder?

A) Does Brent regurgitate food even when he is fed by an individual other than his mother?
B) Does Brent regurgitate food in at least two settings?
C) Does Brent have any physical medical conditions that are influencing his regurgitation?
D) Does Brent have clinically significant distress?

Question 21

Phyllis ate a salad for lunch.But,she didn't take off the croutons.She now feels like she "cheated" at lunch and her whole diet is blown.This is an example of which of the following?

A) excessive compliance
B) obsessive thinking
C) dichotomous thinking
D) perfectionism

Question 22

Dino works at an apple orchard,and every year they sponsor an apple-eating contest to see who can eat the most apples in 15 minutes.Dino won last year by eating 18 apples in 15 minutes.Would this be considered a binge?

A) Yes. Most people could not eat 18 apples in 15 minutes.
B) No, because it was apples instead of a high-calorie food.
C) No, because Dino did not feel a lack of control.
D) No, because it only happened one time.

Question 23

About once a week,Carter,a college junior,eats more than he wishes he would.When he does this,he feels out of control and often eats in secret.This has been going on ever since he started college.Carter is somewhat overweight,but sometimes he feels huge,particularly after one of these large food sprees.Sometimes he thinks to himself,"I should go for a run tomorrow because I ate so many french fries," but he rarely follows through.Carter ______.

A) should be most strongly considered for a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa because he has a misperception of himself as larger than he is
B) should be most strongly considered for a diagnosis of bulimia nervosa because he is bingeing
C) should be most strongly considered for a diagnosis of binge eating disorder, because he is bingeing without compensating
D) cannot be diagnosed with any condition because he is male and eating disorders are only diagnosed in females

Question 24

Which of the following is the approach prescribed by the DSM-5 to determine whether a girl suspected of anorexia nervosa is indeed significantly underweight?

A) She can be considered significantly underweight if she is less than 100 pounds.
B) She can be considered underweight if her BMI is below 17.
C) She can be considered underweight if her BMI is below the 5th percentile for other girls her age.
D) A diagnosis of anorexia nervosa would be categorically excluded if she were above the 5th percentile for weight when compared with other girls her age.

Question 25

Which of the following characteristics is typically NOT used to describe those with anorexia nervosa?

A) perfectionistic
B) excessively compliant
C) rigid
D) impulsive

Question 26

Randomized clinical trials investigating the efficacy of CBT in treating bulimia nervosa have ______.

A) have not yet been conducted
B) have only been conducted in adults, in whom the treatment is promising
C) have shown no benefit for adolescents
D) have shown it to be an effective treatment for older adolescents

Question 27

Which of the following is a symptom of anorexia nervosa but NOT of bulimia nervosa?

A) bingeing
B) purging
C) being significantly underweight
D) unusual preoccupation with body shape and weight

Question 28

Severity in anorexia nervosa is indicated by which of the following?

A) the number of symptoms met
B) BMI
C) the level of insight the individual has
D) the duration of the disturbance

Question 29

Eating disorder prevalence is which of the following?

A) highest in adolescence (prior to age 18)
B) higher for young adults (18-25) than for adolescents (those under age 18)
C) highest for those just reaching puberty (10-15)
D) consistent between the ages of 12 and 35

Question 30

Which of the following is the most common transition from one eating disorder to another?

A) anorexia nervosa →bulimia nervosa
B) bulimia nervosa → binge eating disorder
C) binge eating disorder → anorexia nervosa
D) binge eating disorder → bulimia nervosa

Question 31

Complete the following statement: Relapse is ______.

A) not discussed in CBT for bulimia nervosa
B) considered very detrimental in bulimia nervosa
C) relatively likely in bulimia nervosa and so cognitive-behavioral therapy helps adolescents avoid relapse and manage it if it does occur
D) most common among those with bulimia nervosa who are at lower initial body weights than in those who are initially overweight

Question 32

Bariatric surgery (e.g.,gastric bypass)is which of the following?

A) the recommended treatment for those with binge eating disorder
B) less effective for those with binge eating disorder in the short term, but more effective than any other treatment in the long term
C) ineffective long-term treatment for those with binge eating disorder; they are likely to regain their weight following surgery
D) unsafe for those with binge eating disorder; they are at far greater risk of medical complications from the surgery than their overweight counterparts without binge eating disorder.

Question 33

Samantha is in treatment for bulimia nervosa.This week,her therapist is asking her to identify whether boredom is or is not a trigger for a binge.In which phase of CBT is Samantha?

A) phase 1
B) phase 2
C) phase 3
D) phase 4

Question 34

Teasing about their body shape and weight by fathers is associated with ______; such teasing by mothers is associated with ______.

A) anorexia nervosa; bulimia nervosa
B) bulimia nervosa; anorexia nervosa
C) bulimia nervosa; depression
D) depression; bulimia nervosa

Question 35

The approach of CBT to treat bulimia nervosa can best be described as which of the following?

A) minimizing the positively reinforcing properties of eating
B) minimizing the negatively reinforcing properties of compensatory behaviors through minimizing the anxiety associated with eating
C) increasing the response cost associated with compensatory behaviors
D) increasing the response cost associated with bingeing

Question 36

Osteopenia is associated with which of the following?

A) anorexia nervosa
B) bulimia nervosa
C) binge eating disorder
D) both bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder

Question 37

Which approach is used to increase the willingness of adolescents with bulimia nervosa to participate in therapy?

A) exposing dichotomous thinking.
B) performing a cost-benefit analysis.
C) social modeling
D) negative reinforcement

Question 38

Anorexia nervosa is usually an ______ disorder; bulimia nervosa is usually an ______ disorder.

A) ego-syntonic; ego-syntonic
B) ego-syntonic; ego-dystonic
C) ego dystonic; ego syntonic
D) ego-dystonic; ego-dystonic

Question 39

The relationship between major depressive disorder (MDD)and eating disorders is which of the following?

A) Those with bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder are at increased risk of MDD, but those with anorexia nervosa are not
B) MDD usually precedes the onset of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.
C) The onset of binge eating usually precedes MDD in those with binge eating disorder.
D) Though rates of MDD are higher for those with any eating disorder, the suicide risk is actually lower than the general population, indicating a more pervasive but perhaps less serious depression overall.

Question 40

A chaotic home is most closely associated with which of the following conditions?

A) anorexia nervosa-restricting type
B) anorexia nervosa-binge/purge type
C) bulimia nervosa
D) binge eating disorder

Question 41

Child sexual abuse is most closely associated with which eating disorder?

A) anorexia nervosa-restricting type
B) anorexia nervosa-binge/purge type
C) bulimia nervosa
D) binge eating disorder

Question 42

In structural family therapy,how is the client's disordered eating addressed?

A) It is de-emphasized; focus instead is almost entirely on family relationships and communication.
B) It is the center of treatment; families practice discussing the disordered eating supportively and without judgment.
C) It is the center of treatment; families practice sharing their emotions surrounding the disordered eating and how it has affected them.
D) It is one of several main targets of treatment.

Question 43

Emergence of eating disorders ______.

A) does not usually occur after age 25
B) is earlier for almost all cases of bulimia nervosa than anorexia nervosa
C) is more similar for anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa than for binge eating disorder
D) is earliest for binge eating disorder

Question 44

Cindy has 35 dolls-all blond and thin.She looks at her own thighs that touch at the top and then marvels at the thigh gap on the dolls."I bet if I stop eating cupcakes,I'll look as good in high heels as my doll Sheila does in hers," Cindy thinks.This is an example of which of the following?

A) social modeling
B) internalization of the thin ideal
C) comparing one's appearance with others'
D) belief that thinness will solve all interpersonal problems

Question 45

The effectiveness of group therapy for adolescents with anorexia nervosa ______.

A) is highest for those who have experienced anorexia nervosa for less than one year
B) is lowest for those who have family members who have also experienced anorexia nervosa
C) is universally higher than that of any other treatment for anorexia nervosa
D) has never been evaluated in a randomized controlled trial

Question 46

Which of the following parental characteristics is associated with binge eating disorder?

A) Parents who allow children to eat whatever sweets or unhealthful foods they request.
B) Parents with severe restriction of their own diets.
C) Parents who severely restrict children's access to snacks.
D) Parents who use inconsistent discipline.

Question 47

Which of the following is NOT one of the main goals of group therapy for treatment of anorexia nervosa?

A) managing emotions and coping with low self-esteem
B) developing social skills
C) recognizing and challenging beliefs that lead to problematic eating behavior
D) fostering negative associations with severely thin models in the media

Question 48

Which of the following is NOT one of the main differences between structural family therapy and the Maudsley Hospital approach for treating anorexia nervosa?

A) Only structural family therapy involves the parents.
B) Only the Maudsley Hospital approach centers on the eating disorder symptoms.
C) Only the Maudsley Hospital approach seeks initially to give the parents more control over the child's life, through monitoring her eating behaviors.
D) Only structural family therapy involves groups of parents discussing the eating disordered behavior of their children.

Question 49

Serotonin levels tend to be higher in those ______.

A) with bulimia nervosa than in those who have recovered from bulimia nervosa
B) with anorexia nervosa than those who have recovered from anorexia nervosa
C) with anorexia nervosa than in those with bulimia nervosa d. without eating disorders than in those with either anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa
D)without eating disorders than in those with either anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa

Question 50

What is the relationship between cholecystokinin (CCK)and eating disorders?

A) Abnormally high levels of CCK are seen in those with anorexia nervosa.
B) Those with bulimia nervosa produce high levels of CCK when they engage in purging behaviors.
C) Those with bulimia nervosa produce relatively low levels of CCK after eating a large meal.
D) Those with anorexia nervosa have abnormally low levels of CCK, whether eating or not.

Question 51

The dual pathway model predicts all EXCEPT which of the following?

A) A culture without a socially sanctioned thin ideal would have no eating disorders.
B) Praising girls for being overweight instead of for being thin would reduce restrictive eating.
C) It is failure to reach a socially constructed beauty ideal that drives eating disordered behavior.
D) Teasing overweight individuals would likely help them to lose weight sustainably.

Question 52

Brain studies of those with BED have shown which of the following?

A) underactivation of the amygdala in response to most foods, requiring additional foods to create a standard amount of activation
B) hyperactivation of the occipital lobes in response to desired foods
C) hyperactivation of the amygdala in response to favored foods
D) hyperactivation of frontal and prefrontal lobes in response to appealing foods.

Question 53

Which of the following best describes the current understanding of the relationship between pubertal timing and eating disorders?

A) Girls who experience eating disorders at the onset of puberty are trying to regain their prepubescent body, which is closer to the Western female beauty ideal.
B) Girls who hit puberty earlier than their peers are at particular risk for eating disorders.
C) Puberty tends to cause eating problems or eating disorders.
D) Puberty may be a time of greater risk, even if it is not a cause of eating disorders.

Question 54

One main difference between early-onset and late-onset binge Eating disorder (BED)is that ______.

A) most females have early onset, while most males have late onset
B) early-onset cases are more likely to be resistant to treatment
C) dieting tends to come after early-onset cases but to precede binge eating in late-onset cases
D) Emotion-regulation is a larger factor in late onset cases

Question 55

Inpatient treatment for anorexia nervosa typically focuses initially on which of the following?

A) resolving the underlying emotional challenges that contributed to the eating disturbance
B) healing interpersonal challenges with the individual's family and peers
C) changing the individual's eating behavior
D) providing skills for relaxation and coping that do not involve disordered eating

Question 56

Randomized,controlled trials have indicated which of the following is an effective approach for treating anorexia nervosa?

A) group therapy
B) structural family therapy
C) medications
D) Maudsley Hospital approach

Question 57

Which of the following is a piece of evidence that globalization has spread eating disorders from industrialized nations to developing ones?

A) When Western culture was introduced to the island of Fiji, through television and other media, the rate of eating disorders rose dramatically.
B) Cross-culturally people judge American models to be more beautiful than those from other countries.
C) Girls and women associate the attractiveness of Western models with other indicators of wealth.
D) There is higher prevalence of eating disorders in industrialized nations.

Question 58

According to cognitive-behavioral theory,those with eating disorders have which of the following?

A) a stronger than average need for acceptance and acknowledgement
B) lower than average self-esteem
C) fewer friends than average peers
D) the belief that control over eating will give them control over other people

Question 59

If a mother has bulimia nervosa that increases her children's risk for which of the following?

A) bulimia nervosa only
B) bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder only
C) anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa
D) depression only

Question 60

Complete the following statement: Those with AN ______.

A) almost all recover, though recovery can take 5 years or more
B) almost never recover, with the vast majority continuing to meet diagnostic criteria for either AN or BN
C) is mixed, with about half recovering and about 20% having chronic symptoms putting them at risk for death
D) is split based on age of onset with almost all of those who develop the disorder between ages 11 and 14 having chronic symptoms while those who develop the disorder later are much more likely to recover

Question 61

Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa can be distinguished by whether someone fasts or purges.

Question 62

Describe the relationship between social anxiety and eating disorders.

Question 63

"Failure to thrive" is a criterion for diagnosis with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder.

Question 64

It what ways might bingeing be reinforced?

Question 65

Interpersonal therapy is as effective as cognitive-behavioral therapy for bulimia nervosa long-term,though cognitive-behavioral therapy is associated with greater initial improvement.

Question 66

A group of clinicians is creating a new eating disorders prevention program.They are targeting the program toward white adolescents under the assumption that other ethnic groups are relatively protected from eating disorders.Why might they have this assumption and how accurate is it?

Question 67

When those with anorexia nervosa begin refeeding to regain weight,their risk for cardiac arrhythmias drops dramatically and immediately.

Question 68

Facial screening is a good first treatment for pica because it is likely to prevent its escalation.

Question 69

Individuals with anorexia nervosa sometimes later go on to develop bulimia nervosa instead.

Question 70

Individuals must purge in order to be diagnosed with bulimia nervosa.

Question 71

How is peer pressure used constructively in group therapy for anorexia nervosa?

Question 72

Children with infantile anorexia should be diagnosed with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder.

Question 73

Child sexual abuse is a unique predictor of bulimia nervosa.

Question 74

If a person binges,he or she cannot be diagnosed with anorexia nervosa.

Question 75

Most experts believe that the subjective experience of the binge (feeling out of control)is more important than the number of calories consumed when diagnosing and treatment bulimia nervosa.

Question 76

Structural family therapy has been established as an efficacious treatment for anorexia nervosa.

Question 77

Millie is a parent whose child has avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder.After the therapist explains the primary treatment of contingency management to her,she is concerned.She says,"That just seems cruel." How might you address Millie's concerns?

Question 78

Medication is a first-line treatment for anorexia nervosa.

Question 79

Because pica typically remits on its own,most experts recommend not treating it for the first 12 months.

Question 80

Individuals with eating disorders typically have at least one comorbid mental health problem.