Deck 18: Biology Basics 3-Genes, Populations, and the Environment

Question 1

Which of the following statements about estrogen-sensitive breast cancer is true?

A) Patients who have estrogen-sensitive breast cancer always metabolize the drug tamoxifen slowly.
B) Patients who have estrogen-sensitive breast cancer always metabolize the drug tamoxifen rapidly.
C) Patients who have estrogen-sensitive breast cancer have tumor cells that do not have estrogen receptors on their surface
D) Patients who have estrogen-sensitive breast cancer have tumor cells with estrogen receptors on their surface and the absence of estrogen in the body promotes the growth of the cancer.
E) Patients who have estrogen-sensitive breast cancer have tumor cells with estrogen receptors on their surface and the presence of estrogen in the body promotes the growth of the cancer.

Answer 1

E

Question 2

Multifactorial traits are affected by

A) only genetics.
B) only environmental factors.
C) both genetics and the environment.
D) the prenatal environment.
E) all of these.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

There appears to be a relationship between the genetics of PTC tasting,taste preferences,and diet in some people.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

____ is a drug prescribed in the treatment of estrogen-sensitive breast cancers.

A) Endoxifen
B) Phenylthiocarbamide
C) Tamoxifen
D) Polyvinyl chloride
E) 5-HTT

Question 5

Rheumatoid Arthritis is considered an autoimmune disease.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about behavior is true?

A) Individuals with two copies of the long version of the 5-HTT allele are more likely to become depressed after experiencing stressful events in their lives.
B) The 5-HTT gene codes for a protein important in DNA repair.
C) Stressful life events do not affect whether a person becomes depressed or not.
D) All people handle stressful events equally well.
E) Individuals with two copies of the short version of the 5-HTT allele are more likely to become depressed after experiencing stressful events in their lives.

Question 7

All of the following environmental factors have been implicated in cancer EXCEPT

A) viral infection.
B) exposure to X-rays.
C) exposure to polyvinyl chloride.
D) exposure to UV light.
E) exposure to PTC.

Question 8

What did Linda Bartoshuk and her colleagues at Yale University discover while investigating taste preferences?

A) Supertasters of PTC are more likely to enjoy the flavor of Brussel sprouts.
B) Supertasters are very likely to include grapefruit juice in their diet.
C) There are more nontasters of PTC than there are tasters.
D) There are more supertasters of PTC than tasters.
E) Supertasters of PTC have more taste buds than nontasters.

Question 9

All of the following are examples of autoimmune diseases EXCEPT

A) multiple sclerosis.
B) rheumatoid arthritis.
C) thyroid disease.
D) type I diabetes
E) breast cancer.

Question 10

Being a carrier of the sickle-cell allele can be beneficial for some people.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is true?

A) Individuals who contract malaria are more likely to also develop sickle-cell anemia.
B) The sickle-cell allele is the result of a large deletion in the gene for hemoglobin.
C) The distribution of the sickle-cell allele is the same throughout the world.
D) Sickle-cell anemia is a dominantly inherited genetic disease.
E) Carriers of the sickle-cell allele are more resistant to malaria than non-carriers.

Question 12

What did Linda Bartoshuk and her colleagues at Yale University discover regarding supertasters?

A) The ability to taste PTC seems to have a genetic basis.
B) The genetics of PTC tasting has an impact on diet and the food choices of people.
C) The distribution of PTC tasters is the same throughout all parts of the world.
D) The greater the number of taste buds a person has, the more likely they will enjoy hot peppers.
E) The number of taste buds a person has is determined by the environment.

Question 13

One of the problems in establishing a connection between an infection and an autoimmune disease is that there is often very little time between the infection and the abnormal immune response.

Question 14

Which of the following statements about the ability to taste PTC is true?

A) Nontasters of PTC are homozygous for the gene.
B) Tasters find PTC has a pleasant sweet taste.
C) Everyone can taste PTC, but to different degrees.
D) The distribution of PTC tasters is the same throughout all parts of the world.
E) Tasters of PTC are homozygous for the gene.

Question 15

All of the following statements are true about supertasters for PTC EXCEPT

A) the taste of spices are often unpleasant to supertasters.
B) they often find that high-sugar foods are too sweet.
C) they often find coffee too bitter.
D) supertasters often enjoy the taste of soy products.
E) many supertasters avoid grapefruit juice.

Question 16

In general,naturally occurring environmental agents do not play a role in causing cancer.

Question 17

All of the following have been associated with viral infections EXCEPT

A) liver cancer.
B) cervical cancer.
C) Kaposi sarcoma
D) skin cancer.
E) Burkitt's lymphoma.

Question 18

The 5-HTT gene complex proteins may determine who will develop an autoimmune disease.