Deck 13: Community Reintegration

Question 1

Between 2003 and 2008,what percent of Aboriginal offenders were first released at their warrant expiry date?

A)5 percent
B)6 percent
C)7 percent
D)8 percent

Answer 1

B

Question 2

What is the theoretical basis of reintegration?

A)deterrence
B)rehabilitation
C)restoration
D)selective incapacitation

Answer 2

B

Question 3

What did Mann document as a shortcoming in her analysis of the Correctional Service of Canada's approach to Aboriginal offenders?

A)the need for more small group programs
B)overuse of legislative provisions designed to enhance Aboriginal reintegration
C)inconsistent access to Aboriginal programming
D)overuse of conditional release programs

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which of the following is the main tool used to collect information such as the offender's prior criminal record and his or her potential for violence?

A)Offender Intake Assessment
B)Offender Interview and Assessment
C)Offender Risk Assessment
D)Offender Reintegration Assessment

Question 5

In what year was the Offender Risk Assessment and Management Strategy implemented?

A)1986
B)1989
C)1992
D)1995

Question 6

Joan,a female offender,was interested to hear what the Auditor General's recommendations would be for her and other female inmates.Which of the following is an example of a concern for Joan outside of prison that the Auditor General highlighted?

A)reoffending once released
B)conditional release revoked although no new offence
C)return to substance abuse once released
D)lack of employment once released

Question 7

Which of the following is an assumption of reintegration?

A)the use of alternative sanctions should be minimal
B)rehabilitation-oriented programs work the best
C)only the most serious offenders should be incarcerated
D)the firm belief that all offenders should be released no later than serving two-thirds of their sentence

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a key factor in a risk assessment?

A)risk
B)need
C)responsivity
D)necessity

Question 9

Matthew and Rachael are studying the Correctional Service of Canada's programming for Aboriginal offenders compared to non-Aboriginal offenders.Which of the following is one of their findings?

A)Aboriginal offenders are classified as lower need
B)Aboriginal offenders serve more time in the community
C)Aboriginal offenders are less likely to have their conditional release revoked
D)Aboriginal offenders are overrepresented in segregation populations

Question 10

What program did the Auditor General recommend the CSC implement for women offenders in all federal facilities?

A)gender-specific substance abuse program
B)gender-specific mothering program
C)gender-specific employment program
D)gender-specific behavioural therapy program

Question 11

Between 2003 and 2008,what percent of Aboriginal offenders had their first release at statutory release?

A)35 percent
B)45 percent
C)55 percent
D)65 percent

Question 12

According to the reintegration approach,what is a major predictor of recidivism?

A)failure to follow instructions by prison staff
B)prosocial personality orientation
C)procriminal associates
D)lack of interpersonal supports for crime

Question 13

In which type of setting are offenders most often placed when the reintegration process begins?

A)fairly restrictive setting
B)moderately restrictive setting
C)least restrictive setting
D)most restrictive setting

Question 14

Bradley was raised in an environment where he did not have good training by his parents;he quit school early and has been fired from many jobs.Which of the following can be predicted about Bradley based on these traits?

A)rehabilitation success
B)reintegration success
C)procriminal indicators
D)recidivism

Question 15

Which theory underlies the Offender Intake Assessment?

A)the theory of offender behaviour
B)the theory of risk assessment
C)the theory of needs
D)the theory of best results

Question 16

Between 2003 and 2008,what is the relationship between Aboriginal offenders and non-Aboriginal offenders with respect to community supervision?

A)the percentages are about the same
B)the percentages are very different
C)the Aboriginal offenders are less than non-Aboriginal offenders
D)the non-Aboriginal offenders are less than Aboriginal offenders

Question 17

Over what percentage of offenders are released back into society?

A)75 percent
B)80 percent
C)85 percent
D)90 percent

Question 18

John is about to be released into the community.Making required programs and interventions available for John in the community when he is released from prison is the purpose of which of the following?

A)Corrections and Conditional Release Act
B)Canadian Sentencing Act
C)The Parole Act
D)Corrections and Rehabilitation Act

Question 19

Reintegration is essentially a process where which of the following occurs?

A)parole officers provide offenders with incentives to follow the rules of society
B)parole officers supervise the offender similar to incarceration
C)the prison has fully prepared the offender prior to release
D)offenders are required to reintegrate themselves back into society

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a function the Correctional Service of Canada performs for each offender?

A)monitors and assesses the offender's progress in learning and changing
B)provides a generic plan to increase the likelihood that the offender will function in the community as a law-abiding citizen
C)after release,helps the offender respect the conditions of the release and resolve day-to-day living problems
D)makes required programs and interventions available in the community

Question 21

Which term best describes most of the major predictors of recidivism used by the reintegration approach?

A)dynamic
B)static
C)general
D)fulfilling

Question 22

What is the factor in a risk assessment that states the level of supervision and treatment should be commensurate with the offender's level of risk?

A)reintegration
B)risk
C)responsivity
D)need

Question 23

Which of the following targets the criminogenic needs of offenders?

A)risk
B)need
C)responsivity
D)reintegration

Question 24

Which of the following is an objective of the case management process?

A)identifying criminal risk and risk management strategies using actuarial tools,assessment,and professional judgment
B)preparing an inmate for successful reintegration back into the community
C)providing for a level of structure in order that needs to be dealt with
D)balancing the protection of the community with the need for offender rehabilitation

Question 25

Conditional release programs were implemented due to the dissatisfaction with the role of prisons.Which of the following is NOT an area of dissatisfaction as highlighted in the textbook?

A)too expensive to operate
B)harmful effects and disrupting family relationships
C)staff wages and benefits
D)medical and dental services

Question 26

Which of the following is considered to be central to the success of responsivity?

A)matching service with personality and motivation as well as with the demographics of inmates such as their age,gender,and ethnicity
B)targeting the criminogenic needs of offenders
C)accommodating cultural differences
D)maintaining program integrity

Question 27

Which of the following is NOT an example of a dynamic factor?

A)level of education
B)prior record of the offender
C)occupational skills
D)interpersonal skills

Question 28

Which of the following is defined as a systematic process whereby identified needs and strengths of offenders are matched with selected services and resources in corrections?

A)need
B)responsivity
C)risk
D)case management

Question 29

A youth court worker is preparing a report on a youth offender including a discussion of risks that are considered to be static factors.Which of the following would the youth court worker include in the report?

A)level of education
B)interpersonal skills
C)prior record
D)occupational skills

Question 30

Which of the following is NOT a key program offered in the Integrated Correctional Program Model?

A)family violence
B)offender education
C)training in a trade
D)substance abuse

Question 31

According to Motiuk and Brown (1993),how many times more likely were higher-risk/higher-need offenders to fail while in conditional release programs compared to lower-risk/lower-need offenders?

A)two times
B)three times
C)four times
D)five times

Question 32

How many sessions are required in the community program of the Integrated Correctional Program Model?

A)15 to 19
B)20 to 26
C)27 to 33
D)33 to 36

Question 33

During which component of the Integrated Correctional Program Model would an offender discover how to apply the skills they have learned in the program to real-life situations?

A)the introductory phase
B)the motivational phase
C)the community program
D)the maintenance component

Question 34

What pattern in recidivism rates did Kiessling (1989)find in his research of high-risk cases placed in a high-risk supervision program vs.higher-risk cases in a regular supervision program?

A)recidivism was lower
B)recidivism was approximately the same
C)recidivism was slightly higher
D)recidivism was substantially higher

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT one of the categories of programs in the Integrated Correctional Program Model?

A)multi-target programs
B)Aboriginal multi-target programs
C)sex offender programs
D)violent offender programs

Question 36

Which of the following needs is NOT one that Andrews (1989)found can be dealt with in a rehabilitative program?

A)antisocial attitudes
B)employment and career prospects
C)antisocial peer associations
D)increased self-control,self-management,and problem-solving skills

Question 37

Danielle was looking at the effectiveness of treatment programs for youth offenders.Where did she find the greatest reductions in reoffending after reading the study conducted by Lipsey?

A)when higher-risk offenders were treated
B)when medium-risk offenders were treated
C)when low-risk offenders were treated
D)when chronic offenders were treated

Question 38

Which principle addresses effective correctional supervision and counselling and assumes that all offenders are different?

A)criminogenic
B)responsivity
C)risk
D)need

Question 39

Which of the following involves matching service with the personality and motivation of the offender?

A)need
B)dynamic factors
C)risk
D)responsivity

Question 40

During which component of the Integrated Correctional Program Model would an offender learn how to focus on areas of trouble such as gang involvement?

A)the introductory phase
B)the motivational phase
C)the community program
D)the maintenance component

Question 41

In 2011-12,what was the average annual cost to incarcerate an offender?

A)$108,876
B)$110,476
C)$115,350
D)$117,788

Question 42

In 2012-13,what was the average cost to accommodate an offender in a community correctional centre?

A)$64,537
B)$70,324
C)$72,333
D)$75,989

Question 43

Under the original legislation,how many jurors were required to agree on a decision regarding a faint hope hearing to allow the applicant to proceed to a Parole Board of Canada?

A)half in favour
B)two-thirds in favour
C)three quarters in favour
D)unanimous in favour

Question 44

What offence did the Safe Streets and Communities Act (Bill C-10)include that would lead offenders to be subject to detention until the end of their sentence?

A)home invasion
B)breaking and entering to steal a firearm
C)aggravated assault Level III
D)breaching a mandatory parole condition

Question 45

After how many years did Bill C-84 stipulate an offender of first or second degree murder would be eligible for a judicial review?

A)5 years
B)10 years
C)15 years
D)20 years

Question 46

To which offenders are the community correctional centres (CCCs)available?

A)federal offenders
B)provincial offenders
C)both federal and provincial offenders
D)Aboriginal offenders only

Question 47

As a parole board member,what is the fundamental criterion you will use for making a decision to release an inmate on parole?

A)community needs and wishes
B)victim impact statements
C)risk assessment based on prior offences
D)risk assessment based on future crimes

Question 48

As a parole board member,you are making a decision about the conditional release of an offender.What area will your assessment focus upon?

A)the immediate situation
B)job opportunities
C)employment skills
D)family support

Question 49

In 2014,what percentage of residents of community correctional centres (CCCs)were on a long-term supervision order?

A)26 percent
B)28 percent
C)30 percent
D)32 percent

Question 50

Which offence is found under Schedule II in the Corrections and Conditional Release Act?

A)drug offences
B)sexual offences
C)murder
D)assault offences

Question 51

Which bill made changes to the system for pardons in Canada?

A)Bill C-10
B)Bill C-13
C)Bill C-20
D)Bill C-23

Question 52

By how many years did the period of ineligibility to apply for a record suspension for an indictable offence increase?

A)3 years
B)4 years
C)5 years
D)6 years

Question 53

What concept refers to all activities conducted to prepare ex-convicts to return safely to the community and live as law-abiding citizens?

A)conditional sentence
B)truth-in-sentencing
C)prisoner reentry
D)accelerated parole

Question 54

What age group had the largest number of older offenders serving a federal sentence in the federal correctional system during 2012-13?

A)40-49
B)50-59
C)60-69
D)70-79

Question 55

In 2012-13,what was the annual budget to operate the 16 community correctional centres across Canada?

A)$20 million
B)$30 million
C)$40 million
D)$50 million

Question 56

What is the critical point for readmission to a federal institution for offenders released on full parole?

A)1 to 6 months
B)7 to 12 months
C)13 to 18 months
D)19 to 24 months

Question 57

By how many years did the period of ineligibility to apply for a record suspension for a summary conviction offence increase?

A)2 years
B)3 years
C)4 years
D)5 years

Question 58

Multiple murderers can no longer apply for early release.The Criminal Code was amended mainly due to which of the following multiple murderers?

A)Clifford Olson
B)Robert Pickton
C)Paul Bernardo
D)Russell Williams

Question 59

What is the critical point for readmission to a federal institution for offenders released on mandatory supervision?

A)1 to 6 months
B)7 to 12 months
C)13 to 18 months
D)19 to 24 months

Question 60

What was the percentage of lifers serving a sentence in the federal correctional system in 2012-13?

A)12 percent
B)17 percent
C)23 percent
D)27 percent

Question 61

The faint hope clause is no longer available for offences committed after what date?

A)June 2010
B)December 2010
C)June 2011
D)December 2011

Question 62

The maintenance component sessions of the Integrated Correctional Program Model can be offered in both the institution and the community.

Question 63

When reintegrating an offender back into society,the rights of law-abiding members of a community far outweigh the rights of the offender.

Question 64

During the Offender Intake Assessment criminal risk assessments as well as the identification of the offender's case needs are developed by parole officers.

Question 65

According to Mann,there are limited legislative provisions designed to enhance Aboriginal reintegration.

Question 66

Where have the majority of judicial review hearing applications occurred?

A)Ontario
B)Quebec
C)Manitoba
D)Nova Scotia

Question 67

Dynamic factors involve those characteristics of the offender that can be changed through correctional programming.

Question 68

An offender is usually considered to be "rehabilitated" once they are no longer viewed as a threat to the community at large.

Question 69

The risk principle states that higher levels of service needed to be allocated to lower-risk costs.

Question 70

The increasing number of inmates incarcerated in federal correctional facilities has led the system to become compromised in meeting its rehabilitation and reintegration mandate.

Question 71

Static needs are also known as criminogenic needs.

Question 72

What is the theoretical basis of gender-responsive programming?

A)micro level
B)macro level
C)meso level
D)social psychological

Question 73

The Correctional Service of Canada uses culturally appropriate classification instruments for Aboriginal offenders.

Question 74

The percentage of Aboriginal offenders on community supervision is greater than for non-Aboriginals.

Question 75

In Canada,most inmates are not released into the community until the end of their sentence.

Question 76

Between the first judicial review and April 2013,how many applicants were successful?

A)98
B)103
C)155
D)180

Question 77

What do supporters of the gender-responsive approach favour in terms of program delivery?

A)trauma-informed programming
B)cognitive restructuring programming
C)criminogenic needs programming
D)social psychological programming

Question 78

Antisocial personality orientations,such as low self-control,are major predictors of recidivism used by the reintegration approach.

Question 79

Responsivity factors are individual targets that affect treatment goals.

Question 80

The reintegration approach takes the position that the major predictors of recidivism are known.