Deck 5: Microbiology Basics

Question 1

Rickettsiae and chlamydiae are classified as

A)viruses.
B)bacteria.
C)arthropods.
D)bacilli.

Answer 1

bacteria.

Question 2

Streptococci and staphylococci are

A)viruses.
B)gram-positive bacteria.
C)arthropods.
D)parasites.

Answer 2

gram-positive bacteria.

Question 3

Bacteria

A)include cocci,bacilli,and curved rods.
B)are not part of the normal flora of the intestines.
C)cause mycotic infections.
D)include mold and yeast.

Answer 3

include cocci,bacilli,and curved rods.

Question 4

Which highly coiled microorganism resembles a corkscrew?

A)Staphylococcus
B)Streptococcus
C)Bacillus
D)Spirillum

Question 5

Cocci,bacilli,and curved rods are classified as

A)viruses.
B)pathogens.
C)bacteria.
D)parasites.

Question 6

Which of the following is least descriptive of Treponema pallidum?

A)Causes syphilis
B)Classified as a bacterium
C)Is most often spread by the fecal-oral route
D)Is a spirochete

Question 7

Which of the following is least descriptive of Candida albicans?

A)Causative organism of impetigo
B)Fungal infection
C)Yeast infection
D)Antibiotic-induced superinfection

Question 8

An abscess is

A)an example of a systemic infection.
B)always viral in origin.
C)an example of a mycotic infection.
D)an example of a localized infection.

Question 9

Which of the following describes the signs and symptoms that develop in response to a pathogen?

A)Syndrome
B)Allergy
C)Infection
D)Immunity

Question 10

Tetanus,tuberculosis,and diphtheria are

A)staphylococcal infections.
B)caused by a spirochete.
C)localized infections.
D)bacterial infections.

Question 11

Clostridium tetani and Clostridium difficile

A)are gram-negative bacilli.
B)are anaerobic.
C)are always pathogenic.
D)cause the "tineas," such as athlete's foot and ringworm.

Question 12

Influenza is best described as a(n)

A)localized infection.
B)allergic reaction.
C)bacterial infection.
D)systemic infection.

Question 13

Which of the following are classified as gram-positive and gram-negative?

A)Viruses
B)Bacteria
C)Fungi
D)Yeast

Question 14

Which of the following is called the acid-fast bacillus?

A)Staphylococcus aureus
B)Salmonella typhi
C)Mycobacterium tuberculosis
D)Clostridium tetani

Question 15

Which of the following is least descriptive of staphylococci?

A)Grapelike arrangement
B)Bacterial
C)Gram-positive
D)Underlying cause of rheumatic fever

Question 16

Which word best characterizes Typhoid Mary?

A)Immune
B)Symptomatic
C)Carrier
D)Fomite

Question 17

Which of the following is defined as a disease-producing microorganism?

A)Normal flora
B)Pathogen
C)Arthropod
D)Parasite

Question 18

Rickettsiae are

A)classified as fungi.
B)viruses.
C)often carried by fleas,ticks,and body lice.
D)arthropod vectors.

Question 19

Which of the following requires another living host for its continued existence?

A)Arthropod
B)Pathogen
C)Parasite
D)Bacterium

Question 20

What is the significance of bacterial spore formation? The bacterium

A)becomes more sensitive to the effects of antibiotics.
B)becomes more resistant to harsh environmental conditions.
C)increases its reproductive activity.
D)permanently loses its ability to cause disease.

Question 21

Infections such as athlete's foot and ringworm are referred to as

A)systemic.
B)mycotic.
C)parasitic.
D)bacterial.

Question 22

The tick associated with Rocky Mountain spotted fever is referred to as a(n)

A)arthropod vector.
B)causative organism.
C)spirochete.
D)fungus.

Question 23

A fomite is a

A)worm.
B)parasite.
C)vector.
D)host.

Question 24

Rocky Mountain spotted fever is most effectively treated with an _____ drug.

A)antiviral
B)anthelmintic
C)antibiotic
D)antifungal

Question 25

Which disease is caused by a sporozoan carried by a mosquito?

A)Typhoid fever
B)Tetanus
C)Malaria
D)Rocky Mountain spotted fever

Question 26

With regard to infectious disease,arthropods most often act as

A)parasites.
B)causative organisms of disease.
C)vectors.
D)fomites.

Question 27

The ova of which of these parasitic and pathogenic multicellular animals usually appear in the stool of the infected person?

A)Worms
B)Viruses
C)Arthropods
D)Spirochetes

Question 28

Biting flies,fleas,and ticks

A)most often cause systemic infections.
B)are best described as ectoparasites.
C)are classified as helminths.
D)cause mycotic infections.

Question 29

Which of the following is most related to the rusty nail infection?

A)Clostridium
B)Mycotic
C)Viral
D)Parasitic

Question 30

Which of the following is both a vector and an arthropod?

A)Contaminated drinking glass
B)Virus
C)Worm
D)Flea

Question 31

The acid-fast bacillus is

A)most often spread through droplet infection.
B)eradicated by a single dose of penicillin.
C)pathogenic only in humans.
D)most often diagnosed by a urine culture.

Question 32

Which "bad air" disease is caused by a plasmodium?

A)Measles
B)Tinea
C)Tetanus
D)Malaria

Question 33

Ectoparasites are most likely to cause

A)itching and discomfort.
B)high fever.
C)paralysis.
D)loss of consciousness.

Question 34

A mycotic infection is caused by a(n)

A)parasite.
B)bacterium.
C)fungus.
D)arthropod.

Question 35

Which group includes single-cell animal-like microbes,such as amebas?

A)Bacilli
B)Arthropods
C)Viruses
D)Protozoa

Question 36

Which of the following lives in the intestinal tract and lays its eggs in the perianal area,causing severe pruritus?

A)Clostridium tetani
B)Pinworms
C)Salmonella typhi
D)Candida albicans

Question 37

Rickettsiae require a living host for their survival and are therefore considered to be

A)pathogenic.
B)parasitic.
C)fungal.
D)communicable.

Question 38

Amebic dysentery and giardiasis are

A)mycotic infections.
B)caused by Salmonella.
C)worm infestations.
D)caused by protozoan parasites.

Question 39

Tinea is most related to

A)ringworm.
B)tetanus.
C)systemic infection.
D)treatment with anthelmintics.

Question 40

A helminth is a(n)

A)parasite.
B)arthropod.
C)worm.
D)bacterium.

Question 41

Which of the following is most descriptive of syphilis?

A)Is a luetic infection
B)Caused by a virus
C)Is a sexually transmitted disease
D)Both A and B are correct

Question 42

Iron deficiency anemia is endemic in low economic areas of a city,meaning

A)most of the population has iron deficiency anemia.
B)the iron deficiency anemia is untreatable.
C)the iron deficiency anemia has been eradicated.
D)the iron deficiency anemia always exists in small numbers in the community.

Question 43

Rhinoviruses

A)are sensitive to penicillin.
B)are capable of causing infection only in an immunosuppressed individual.
C)cause the common cold.
D)are gram-positive.

Question 44

This bacillus forms a large part of the normal flora within the large intestines.It also causes septic shock,food poisoning,and local infections and is a leading cause of nosocomial infection.

A)E.coli
B)a plasmodium
C)Herpes simplex
D)mycobacterium

Question 45

Penicillin exerts its antibiotic effect primarily through destruction of the cell wall of the pathogen.Which of the following are most apt to be affected by penicillin?

A)Viruses
B)Bacteria
C)Worms
D)Ectoparasites

Question 46

Tinea capitis,Tinea barbae,and Tinea pedis are

A)commonly called athlete's foot.
B)ringworm.
C)staphylococcus infections.
D)manifestations of shingles.

Question 47

Which of the following refers to a process that destroys all living organisms?

A)Nosocomial
B)Commensal
C)Sterilization
D)Colonization

Question 48

The Rubella virus

A)is sensitive to penicillin.
B)causes German measles.
C)is teratogenic.
D)Both B and C are correct.

Question 49

The puerperal fever described by Dr.Semmelweiss is best described as

A)a localized infection.
B)age-related degenerative disease.
C)nosocomial infection.
D)pandemic.

Question 50

Which of the following is true of commensal organisms that populate the normal flora?

A)They live harmoniously without harming the person.
B)Unless they are destroyed with an antibiotic,the person develops an infection.
C)The organisms are usually walled off as an abscess.
D)All commensal organisms are confined to the large intestine (bowel).

Question 51

Herpes varicella-zoster may lay dormant in the nerves for many years; when awakened in later life,it causes

A)"the great pox."
B)shingles.
C)tinea capitis.
D)smallpox.

Question 52

A pox infection

A)is always caused by herpes varicella-zoster.
B)occurs only in humans.
C)is a skin lesion.
D)is communicable but never contagious.

Question 53

Herpes varicella-zoster

A)is a fungus.
B)generally causes an antibiotic-induced superinfection.
C)causes chickenpox.
D)responds well to antibiotics.

Question 54

Which group is correct?

A)Ringworm,mycotic infection,treatment by anthelmintic drug
B)Syphilis,lues,Treponema pallidum
C)Gonorrhea,Neisseria,virus
D)Trichinae,filariasis,helminthes,penicillin

Question 55

Typhoid Mary harbored the Salmonella pathogen in her

A)urine (kidneys).
B)respiratory secretions (lungs).
C)nasal secretions (nose).
D)bile (gallbladder).

Question 56

Humans,other animals,contaminated soil and water,and fomites can serve as a continual source of infection.Which of the following terms best describes this observation?

A)Normal flora
B)Incubation period
C)Nosocomial
D)Reservoir of infection

Question 57

Identify the portal of exit and mechanism for most diseases that are spread by droplet infection.

A)Urinary system by contaminated urine
B)Respiratory system by coughing or sneezing
C)Digestive system through contaminated feces
D)Central nervous system through contaminated cerebrospinal fluid

Question 58

Which of the following is least descriptive of a vector?

A)Is a carrier of pathogens from one host to another
B)Can be an insect such as the mosquito carrying the plasmodium to humans
C)Must be living
D)Can be a contaminated syringe (fomite)

Question 59

Clostridia

A)are viruses.
B)cause botulism,gas gangrene,and lockjaw.
C)are protozoa.
D)respond therapeutically to anthelmintics.