Deck 12: Managing Individuals and a Diverse Workforce

Question 1

Why are organizations now actively recruiting and hiring gays and lesbians through diversity programs?

A) to promote business growth
B) to encourage litigation
C) to increase fixed costs
D) to achieve fiscal responsibility goals

Answer 1

A
One way diversity programs benefit business is to promote business growth by improving the companies' understanding of the marketplace.

Question 2

To what extent should a manager understand the existence of diversity?

A) Diversity exists in all organizations.
B) Diversity exists only where there is affirmative action.
C) Diversity exists when it is federally mandated.
D) Diversity can exist in an organization's employees and its customers.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Why does diversity make good business sense?

A) Diversity increases an organization's retained earnings.
B) Diversity helps companies attract and recruit talented employees.
C) Diversity makes individuals whole by returning them to the condition or place they would have been had it not been for discrimination.
D) Diversity allows a company to act with economic responsibility.

Answer 3

B
Diversity programs typically result in costs savings to businesses.Unfortunately,they have not eliminated glass ceilings.

Question 4

McKinsey & Company,a global consultancy firm,draws its consultants from more than 40 countries.A benefit of its global hiring is that it raises cultural sensitivity."There's an obligation to see things from other points of view," says one McKinsey partner.In other words,in which way does global hiring benefit McKinsey & Company?

A) It creates discrimination benchmarks.
B) It improves the quality of problem solving.
C) It eliminates glass ceilings.
D) It requires the centralization of all marketing and human resource activities.

Question 5

Japanese-based Honda Motors recently opened a manufacturing plant in China.The Chinese balked at wearing the standard Honda white uniforms because white in China is a funeral colour.Honda liked the white uniforms because they denoted cleanliness.The Chinese workers agreed to wear the white uniforms if they could wear grey caps.The compromise made everyone happy.Which of the following has most likely influenced the organization to be culturally sensitive?

A) affirmative action
B) diversity
C) proactive segmentation
D) multiculturalism

Question 6

Which action can a medium-sized manufacturing company take if it wants to create a positive work environment in which every employee does his or her best work,and individual differences are respected and not ignored?

A) It can remove the glass ceiling.
B) It can use internal loci of control.
C) It can create a diversity program.
D) It can narrow the span of management.

Question 7

Companies in several industries are now waking up to the needs of gays and lesbians.Not only are they valuable consumers,but they are also great employees and can help their employers to better understand the market.What do companies that hire gays and lesbians more than likely have?

A) disparity programs
B) continuous federal agency monitoring
C) poor codes of ethics
D) diversity programs

Question 8

What demographic change in Canada will result in a greater dependence on immigrant workers?

A) Manufacturing needs are increasing in Canada.
B) There are more college and university graduates, but they are young and inexperienced.
C) The baby boomers are reaching the age of retirement and leaving the workforce.
D) There is a rise in immigrant managers who prefer to have immigrant subordinates.

Question 9

Which of the following is a key difference between affirmative action and diversity?

A) Diversity requires a wider span of management.
B) Diversity has a broader focus.
C) Diversity is legally mandated in all private companies.
D) Affirmative action is legally mandated in all private companies.

Question 10

Out and The Advocate are two of the highest-circulating publications targeted to gays and lesbians.Which of the following best describes the situation if the publishers of these two magazines decide not to hire any heterosexuals to work on their editorial staffs?

A) affirmative reaction
B) a glass ceiling
C) whistle-blowing
D) the violation of good business practices

Question 11

What is the general purpose of diversity programs?

A) to create a positive work environment
B) to implement a market growth strategy
C) to avoid internal recruiting
D) to supplement hiring benchmarks

Question 12

What is the term for the purposeful steps taken by an organization to create employment opportunities for minorities and women?

A) discretionary diversity
B) affirmative action
C) organizational plurality
D) cultural proaction

Question 13

What is the fastest-growing population group in Canada?

A) Japanese Canadians
B) South Asian Canadians
C) Chinese Canadians
D) Americans

Question 14

What is an affirmative action program typically designed to do?

A) to create homogeneous diversity
B) to be punitive
C) to compensate for past discrimination
D) to protect white, non-Hispanic Americans

Question 15

What is the relationship between governments and diversity in the Canadian workplace?

A) The provincial and federal government oversee diversity.
B) The municipal and provincial governments oversee diversity.
C) Neither the municipal nor the provincial governments oversee diversity.
D) Neither the provincial nor the federal governments oversee diversity.

Question 16

Amtrak,the National Railroad Passenger Corporation,supports the Business Women's Network,the NAACP,and Latin American Management Association.What does Amtrak's support for these different agencies indicate that Amtrak maintains a strong belief in?

A) affirmative action
B) diversity
C) proactive segmentation
D) multiculturalism

Question 17

Which program seeks to benefit both organizations and their employees by encouraging organizations to value all kinds of differences in their workforces?

A) self-monitoring
B) federal agency
C) ombudsperson
D) diversity

Question 18

A modem factory owned by 3Com in Morton Grove,Illinois,has 1,200 workers who speak 20 different languages.What does this factory illustrate?

A) acculturation
B) diversity
C) affirmative action
D) cultural organization

Question 19

What is the term for a situation in organizations when there are a variety of demographic,cultural,and personal differences among the people who work there and the customers who do business there?

A) cultural advantage
B) affirmative differentiation
C) diversity
D) acculturation

Question 20

In addition to their employees,where else must organizations have variety in order to achieve diversity?

A) in regulatory agencies' inspectors
B) in their customers
C) in their external environments
D) in their shareholders/investors

Question 21

What is the term for the degree to which group members are psychologically attracted to working with one another to accomplish a common objective?

A) social integration
B) norm cohesiveness
C) social cohesiveness
D) integrative focus

Question 22

When Betsey Bernard became president of AT&T,she credited her rise to top management to her mother,who showed her that a woman could work and have a family,and to Eunice Assani,a woman who indoctrinated Bernard with a love of continuous development.What role was played by both Bernard's mother and Assani?

A) mentor
B) benchmark
C) glass shatterer
D) gender analyst

Question 23

Which of the following is the glass ceiling most closely associated with?

A) cultural diversity
B) participative management, delegation, and autonomy
C) ethnic, racial, and gender discrimination
D) broad spans of management, decentralization, and flat organizational structures

Question 24

What can managers do to help their companies reduce age discrimination?

A) They can recognize that age discrimination is not a very widespread problem.
B) They can hire workers under 40.
C) They can ensure that younger and older workers interact with one another.
D) They can accept the fact that technological obsolescence is a cost of doing business.

Question 25

Which barrier prevents women and minorities from advancing to the top jobs in organizations?

A) organizational roadblock
B) diversity bottleneck
C) missing key
D) glass ceiling

Question 26

Recently,the cable television networks have bombarded viewers with a variety of shows based on teams coming in to redecorate homes and gardens in a short time frame.These teams are typically made up of men and women of different ethnic backgrounds,ages,and physical capabilities.What is the term for the way they work so well with one another to accomplish the redecorating goal?

A) discrimination heterogeneity
B) social integration
C) organizational plurality
D) acculturation

Question 27

Which of the following helps companies grow by improving the quality of problem solving and improving marketplace understanding?

A) acculturation
B) cultural satisfaction
C) diversity
D) a discrimination management department

Question 28

Why would some companies prefer older workers over younger workers if older workers cost more?

A) Younger workers today have very little promise of developing the required skills.
B) Even though older workers have higher levels of absenteeism, they work more efficiently than younger workers.
C) The older workers may exercise poor judgment but they are more loyal than younger workers.
D) Older workers can cost companies less than younger workers by showing better judgment, caring about the quality of work, and being less likely to quit, come in late, or miss work.

Question 29

How does diversity help companies to grow?

A) by avoiding conflict between employee groups
B) by preventing discrimination
C) by improving marketplace understanding
D) by complying with federal law

Question 30

What does AT&T's hiring of Betsey Bernard as its president show that the company avoids,thereby allowing women to rise to leadership positions?

A) an organizational roadblock
B) a diversity bottleneck
C) a missing key
D) a glass ceiling

Question 31

P&G's management has led the company to realize that Hispanic consumers "are more likely to support a company or brand that is active in their community." P&G has embraced this notion of community involvement with its "Avanzando con Tu Familia" (Getting Ahead with Your Family)campaign.Which of the following qualities is likely active in P&G's management?

A) acculturation
B) diversity
C) affirmative action
D) cultural organization

Question 32

As the German pharmaceuticals company Schering AG decided to implement a diversity training program,its human resource managers discovered that Canadian,American,Australian,and Indian participants reached decisions very quickly.One German manager described them as "hip shooters." He said,"We [Germans] are more analytical.We're more logical and systematic." Which of the following did the discovery pertain to?

A) organizational plurality
B) behavioural diversity
C) surface-level diversity
D) deep-level diversity

Question 33

When Suzanne Pogell wanted to learn to sail,she could find no one to teach her because men were the ones who sailed,and women were their crew.She finally did convince someone to teach her to sail,and after mastering sailing,she started an all-woman sailing school,called Womanship,as a sole proprietorship.What were the male sailors,who would not teach Pogell,focusing on?

A) organizational plurality
B) behavioural diversity
C) surface-level diversity
D) deep-level diversity

Question 34

Assa Abloy is the world's biggest manufacturer of locks.It makes both Yale and Chubb brand locks.When it looked at its employee composition,it discovered that it had created a "two-humped camel." Its workers were either over 50 or under 30,because the company had done little hiring during the 1980s and 1990s.What was needed to get these two groups to respect each other's work abilities?

A) discrimination heterogeneity
B) social integration
C) organizational plurality
D) acculturation

Question 35

Finland is sometimes called the "Japan of Europe" because of its industries and its large baby-boomer population.The Finnish government is working to change the perception of older workers and encourage Finnish companies to abandon mandatory retirement plans.Which kind of surface-level diversity is the Finnish government hoping to achieve?

A) age
B) attitudinal
C) belief
D) ethnic

Question 36

How does diversity help companies to grow?

A) by creating discrimination benchmarks
B) by improving the quality of problem solving
C) by undoing targeting mistakes
D) by requiring the centralization of all marketing and human resource activities

Question 37

Which action should a company take in order to ensure that women have the same opportunities for development and advancement as men?

A) It should promote Machiavellianism.
B) It should use passive change agents.
C) It should change the organization's mission statement.
D) It should develop mentoring programs.

Question 38

Which of the following consists of differences communicated through verbal and nonverbal behaviours,such as personality and attitudes that are learned only through extended interaction with others?

A) organizational plurality
B) behavioural diversity
C) surface-level diversity
D) deep-level diversity

Question 39

With surface-level diversity,differences are immediately observable,easy to measure,and which of the following?

A) a negative way of bundling employees
B) typically unchangeable
C) culturally specific
D) irrelevant to work behaviour

Question 40

When Suzanne Pogell wanted to learn to sail,she could find no one to teach her because men were the ones who sailed,and women were their crew.She finally did convince someone to teach her to sail,and after mastering sailing,she started an all-woman sailing school,called Womanship,as a sole proprietorship.By creating her own business,Pogell overcame a type of problem while creating a different version of the same problem.What type of problem was it?

A) disability discrimination
B) external locus of control
C) age discrimination
D) gender discrimination

Question 41

Which Big Five dimension allows people to respond well under stress?

A) conscientiousness
B) openness to experience
C) agreeableness
D) emotional stability

Question 42

Which action should companies take to help make sure that people of all racial and ethnic backgrounds have the same opportunities?

A) They should eliminate selection and promotion criteria.
B) They should survey employees about their perceptions and satisfaction.
C) They should use autonomous hiring programs.
D) They should use a discrimination ombudsman.

Question 43

What does it mean to be conscientious with respect to the Big Five Personality Dimension?

A) the degree to which someone is organized, hardworking, responsible, and achievement oriented
B) the degree to which someone is curious and broad-minded
C) the degree to which someone is active and gregarious
D) the degree to which someone is cooperative, flexible, good-natured, tolerant, and trusting

Question 44

Teresa is the publicity manager at a large charity organization.She is very out-going and mingles well in fundraising events.She loves being around people as she finds interaction with others really energizes her.Which Big Five Personality Dimension does Teresa exhibit??

A) emotional stability
B) extraversion
C) agreeableness
D) openness to experience

Question 45

For which of the following positions would the hiring organization be most likely to require someone who has a high degree of emotional stability?

A) car mechanic
B) landscape designer
C) 911 operator
D) electrician

Question 46

What is the term for an individual's tendency to respond to situations and events in a predetermined manner?

A) disposition
B) personality
C) motivation
D) locus of control

Question 47

What must occur for disability discrimination to occur?

A) A person does not receive a promotion due to their disability.
B) A person receives a promotion due to their disability.
C) A person is treated differently because of their disability.
D) A person is not treated differently because of their disability.

Question 48

If a company refuses to hire a female due to her gender or race,what agency should she approach to defend her rights?

A) Human Resources Canada
B) Canada Labour Board
C) Canadian Human Rights Commission
D) Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

Question 49

Bill Joy is one of the co-founders of Sun Microsystems.In many ways,Joy is the typical computer geek,but the characteristic that sets him apart from the average computer geek is the mind-boggling breadth of his curiosity.What does Joy have a high degree of in terms of the Big Five Personality Dimensions?

A) openness to experience
B) conscientiousness
C) agreeableness
D) extraversion

Question 50

Jean-Marie has excellent keyboarding skills and works entering data for a marketing research firm.Jean-Marie is also vision impaired.In order to perform his job,Jean-Marie needs a computer monitor that produces oversized print so he can read it.What is the providing of the monitor to facilitate Jean-Marie's job performance an example of?

A) assistive technology
B) job enrichment
C) management reciprocity
D) task re-engineering

Question 51

Which of the following might account for the disparities between the percentages of Canadian visible minorities in the general population and their smaller representation in management positions?

A) Federal Trade Commission regulations
B) racial or ethnic discrimination in the workplace
C) watchdog advocacy groups
D) parliamentary lobbying

Question 52

What is the term for the relatively stable set of behaviours,attitudes,and emotions displayed over time that makes people different from one another?

A) disposition
B) personality
C) motivation
D) self-concept

Question 53

What is the term for the degree to which someone is cooperative,polite,flexible,forgiving,good-natured,tolerant,and trusting?

A) conscientiousness
B) emotional stability
C) agreeableness
D) locus of control

Question 54

Which of the following jobs would most likely require someone who has a high degree of extraversion?

A) wholesale plant nursery operator
B) salesperson
C) market researcher
D) bookkeeper

Question 55

Howard,the president of a dynamic technology company,wishes to promote a relatively new executive,Patricia,to become the company's vice president.In crisis situations,Patricia remains calm and makes others around her maintain control to overcome whatever problem they are facing.Which Big Five Personality Dimension does Patricia Exhibit?

A) extraversion
B) conscientiousness
C) emotional stability
D) openness to experience

Question 56

What should organizations do to make sure that people with disabilities have the same opportunities as everyone else?

A) Organizations should make only desk jobs available for employees with disabilities.
B) Organizations should provide assistive technology.
C) Organizations should actively avoid recruiting workers with disabilities.
D) Organizations should not acknowledge the disabilities that employees may have.

Question 57

What can organizations do to make sure that people with disabilities have the same opportunities as everyone else?

A) They can commit to reasonable workplace accommodations.
B) They can use a matrix organizational structure.
C) They can create a code of ethics.
D) They can use job enlargement.

Question 58

Finnish-based Assa Abloy is the world's biggest manufacturer of locks.It makes both Yale and Chubb brand locks.It has become a part of a national program in which employers are encouraging workers to continue working as long as they are physically able.To help its aging workers,the lock maker has provided them with magnifying lenses that give them the vision acuity they need to work on the small parts within a lock.What are these lenses an example of?

A) assistive technology
B) job enrichment
C) management reciprocity
D) task re-engineering

Question 59

An Ontario-based family restaurant plans on opening a catering business as a way to grow its business in the French-speaking areas of the country.Which dimension of personality would employees need in this situation?

A) empathy
B) credibility
C) openness to experience
D) extraversion

Question 60

What is the term for the degree to which someone is organized,hardworking,responsible,persevering,thorough,and achievement oriented?

A) conscientiousness
B) agreeableness
C) emotional stability
D) locus of control

Question 61

Malcolm will be working in the China division for his company.To prepare him for the different cultural experience,Malcolm is working with Ming,a Chinese Canadian immigrant,for the next several weeks.What is this an example of?

A) diversity pairing
B) diversity audits
C) awareness training
D) role playing

Question 62

Narrative 12-1
Unilever has operations in 150 countries. Recently, Unilever took 100 of these top managers on a jungle retreat to Costa Rica. To the dismay of Unilever's chair, no women were in the group. Upon investigation, he learned that only one woman had even been invited. As the retreat progressed, its participants commented on the richness of diversity in nature and how for anything to grow, there needs to be diversity. These comments caused Unilever's chair to establish an executive committee to examine practical ways to overcome barriers to women's promotion. They decided to avoid setting numerical targets because they encourage positive discrimination and instead examined recruitment and promotion practices.
Refer to the Narrative 12-1.Why is Unilever's initiative an example of a diversity program?

A) It is a punitive approach to employee relations.
B) It is done voluntarily.
C) It has been dictated by affirmative action legislation.
D) It is designed to compensate for past discrimination.

Question 63

Narrative 12-1
Unilever has operations in 150 countries. Recently, Unilever took 100 of these top managers on a jungle retreat to Costa Rica. To the dismay of Unilever's chair, no women were in the group. Upon investigation, he learned that only one woman had even been invited. As the retreat progressed, its participants commented on the richness of diversity in nature and how for anything to grow, there needs to be diversity. These comments caused Unilever's chair to establish an executive committee to examine practical ways to overcome barriers to women's promotion. They decided to avoid setting numerical targets because they encourage positive discrimination and instead examined recruitment and promotion practices.
Refer to the Narrative 12-1.What are the potential benefits of this diversity program?

A) growth in domestic sales
B) the improvement in supplier relationships
C) increased independent work
D) the ability to attract and retain a better workforce

Question 64

Which Big Five personality measure has the greatest impact on behaviour in organizations?

A) conscientiousness
B) agreeableness
C) emotional stability
D) extraversion

Question 65

In 1993,Bentley College launched a comprehensive diversity initiative that included frequent diversity retreats for faculty,staff,and student leaders.Which basic type of diversity training did Bentley use?

A) diversity audits
B) awareness training
C) skills-based diversity training
D) diversity mentoring

Question 66

In a recent meeting,the San Mateo County supervisors voted unanimously to conduct an accounting of how well the makeup of local boards and commissions reflects the racial,gender,cultural,geographic,and ethnic differences of the county.Which of the following would provide this information?

A) a diversity comparison
B) a diversity audit
C) an employee-oriented attitudinal review
D) an individual SWOT analysis

Question 67

Which of the following paradigms for managing diversity is similar to the business growth advantage of diversity?

A) the discrimination and fairness paradigm
B) the access and legitimacy paradigm
C) the learning and effectiveness paradigm
D) the personal and integration paradigm

Question 68

In 1993,Bentley College launched a comprehensive diversity initiative that included frequent diversity retreats for faculty,staff,and student leaders; innovative recruitment efforts; employee benefits for domestic partners; and extensive support services focused on race,gender,and disability.The purpose of its diversity program is to integrate deep-level differences into what is now university culture.Which paradigm does Bentley use?

A) learning and effectiveness
B) reward and equality
C) access and legitimacy
D) equality and support

Question 69

In the nursing home industry,there is a growing pool of older workers who on their own may not be capable of performing physically demanding,labour-intensive work.By matching two younger workers with an older one,more job opportunities for older workers are created.Furthermore,this pairing could be a significant advantage in nursing homes where an older worker may have more sensitivity to aging problems.What is this type of mentoring called?

A) awareness training
B) coaching
C) diversity pairing
D) social integration

Question 70

Consider a work environment where (1)each member is empowered to contribute in a way that maximizes the benefits to the organization,customers,and self,and (2)the individuality of each member is respected by not segmenting or polarizing people on the basis of their membership in a particular group.What is the term to describe this work environment?

A) organizational plurality
B) deep-level diversity
C) positive affectivity
D) social integration

Question 71

The Australian government has adopted the motto,"Diversity works." According to a recent census,over 40 percent of the Australian population was born overseas or had one parent born overseas.The abilities of these immigrants add value to the Australian workplace.The Australian government wants employers to welcome these migrants and their children into their organizations as valued workers.Which paradigm for managing diversity does the Australian government most likely support?

A) the discrimination and fairness paradigm
B) the access and legitimacy paradigm
C) the learning and effectiveness paradigm
D) the cultural and stereotype paradigm

Question 72

Which of the following is a paradigm for managing diversity?

A) the paradigm of organizational diversity
B) the Machiavellian paradigm
C) the learning and effectiveness paradigm
D) the affirmative action paradigm

Question 73

Which paradigm for managing diversity not only takes into account surface-level diversity but also focuses on integrating deep-level diversity differences,such as personality,attitudes,beliefs,and values,into the work of the organization?

A) the discrimination and fairness paradigm
B) the access and legitimacy paradigm
C) the learning and effectiveness paradigm
D) the cultural and stereotype paradigm

Question 74

Which of the following paradigms has the primary benefit of generally bringing about equal treatment of employees and increasing demographic diversity?

A) the discrimination and fairness paradigm
B) the access and legitimacy paradigm
C) the learning and effectiveness paradigm
D) the personal and integration paradigm

Question 75

What are the two basic types of diversity training programs?

A) mentoring and role playing
B) organizational plurality and individual autonomy
C) role playing and computer simulation
D) awareness training and skills-based training

Question 76

Which of the following is an example of a diversity principle that will help managers do a better job of managing company diversity programs?

A) Ignore group differences.
B) Set realistic goals so all employees are motivated to work their hardest.
C) Tailor opportunities to groups, not individuals.
D) Find the common ground.

Question 77

Which of the following is organizational plurality consistent with?

A) the commonality and integration paradigm
B) the determination and fairness paradigm
C) the learning and effectiveness paradigm
D) the access and legitimacy paradigm

Question 78

Narrative 12-1
Unilever has operations in 150 countries. Recently, Unilever took 100 of these top managers on a jungle retreat to Costa Rica. To the dismay of Unilever's chair, no women were in the group. Upon investigation, he learned that only one woman had even been invited. As the retreat progressed, its participants commented on the richness of diversity in nature and how for anything to grow, there needs to be diversity. These comments caused Unilever's chair to establish an executive committee to examine practical ways to overcome barriers to women's promotion. They decided to avoid setting numerical targets because they encourage positive discrimination and instead examined recruitment and promotion practices.
Refer to the Narrative 12-1.Which type of diversity did the retreat in Costa Rica reveal a need to be concerned about?

A) surface-level
B) affirmative action
C) peripheral
D) discriminatory

Question 79

What is the most commonly used paradigm for managing diversity?

A) the discrimination and fairness paradigm
B) the access and legitimacy paradigm
C) the learning and effectiveness paradigm
D) the personal and integration paradigm

Question 80

What is the term for a formal assessment that measures employee and management attitudes,investigates the extent to which people are advantaged or disadvantaged with respect to hiring and promotions,and reviews companies' diversity-related policies and procedures?

A) diversity comparison
B) diversity audit
C) employee-oriented attitudinal review
D) individual SWOT analysis