Deck 14: The Civil War

Question 1

All of the following slave states remained in the Union EXCEPT

A)Kentucky.
B)Arkansas.
C)Maryland.
D)Missouri.
E)Delaware.

Answer 1

Arkansas.

Question 2

In his capacity of commander in chief, President Abraham Lincoln

A)argued it was essential that that laws of the Constitution be upheld during the war.
B)increased the size of the army without the approval of Congress.
C)quickly called on Congress to enact a naval blockade of the South.
D)moved cautiously in asserting his war powers.
E)waited for Congress to declare war before dispatching troops to the South.

Answer 2

increased the size of the army without the approval of Congress.

Question 3

In the election of 1864, President Abraham Lincoln

A)emphasized the success of the Republican Party in fighting the Civil War.
B)won by a narrow margin in the electoral vote.
C)faced a Democratic opponent who was a former Union general.
D)proposed a truce in the Civil War.
E)was greatly aided by Robert E.Lee's surrender just before election day.

Answer 3

faced a Democratic opponent who was a former Union general.

Question 4

At the start of the Civil War, the armed forces of the United States

A)saw many of its soldiers stationed in the West.
B)did not include a navy.
C)consisted of roughly 400,000 troops.
D)was largely made up of military draftees.
E)had almost entirely defected to the Confederate side.

Question 5

The first state to secede from the Union in 1860 was

A)Alabama.
B)South Carolina.
C)Georgia.
D)Mississippi.
E)Virginia.

Question 6

On April 14, 1861, Fort Sumter surrendered after

A)Confederate forces bombarded it.
B)President Lincoln chose to not resupply the fort.
C)Southern soldiers occupied the fort.
D)the fort's commander decided to join the Confederacy.
E)the Union commanding officer, Robert Anderson, was killed.

Question 7

In 1860, President James Buchanan asserted that

A)no state had the constitutional right to secede from the United States.
B)the federal government had no authority to stop a state from seceding from the Union.
C)South Carolina could not take Fort Sumter.
D)All the answers are correct.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 8

"Copperheads" were

A)Northerners who secretly spied for the Confederacy.
B)often arrested on the order of President Lincoln.
C)largely members of the Republican Party.
D)intent on using the Civil War to rapidly end slavery.
E)strong Lincoln supporters who often suppressed dissent violently.

Question 9

The Confiscation Act of 1861

A)saw the Confederate government claim the right to seize free blacks in the South.
B)gave Union troops the authority to seize Confederate property.
C)empowered banks in the Union to freeze the financial assets of all slaveholders.
D)declared that slaves used by Confederate states in the war effort were free.
E)abolished slavery in the District of Columbia and the western territories.

Question 10

Which of the following federally chartered corporations did the Union create to build the transcontinental railroad?

A)the Union Pacific
B)the Western Pacific
C)the Central Pacific
D)the Western Pacific and Central Pacific
E)the Union Pacific and Central Pacific

Question 11

All of the following were Radical Republicans EXCEPT

A)Abraham Lincoln.
B)Thaddeus Stevens.
C)Charles Sumner.
D)Benjamin Wade.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 12

The 1862 Morrill Land Grant Act was designed to help

A)industry.
B)education.
C)banks.
D)railroads.
E)free blacks.

Question 13

The Confederate States of America was formed

A)before Abraham Lincoln was inaugurated president.
B)after eleven Southern states had seceded.
C)after Fort Sumter fell to forces from seceding states.
D)in a meeting hall in Washington, D.C.
E)despite the passage of the Crittenden Compromise.

Question 14

The Crittenden Compromise found its greatest support in

A)Republican senators.
B)Southern slaveowners.
C)President Abraham Lincoln.
D)abolitionists.
E)the western territories.

Question 15

The Union's national draft law

A)proved to be unnecessary in the war effort.
B)severely discouraged voluntary enlistment.
C)allowed no provisions for escaping service.
D)saw little in the way of opposition from the public.
E)resulted in murderous attacks in New York City against free blacks.

Question 16

At the start of the Civil War,

A)the South had a massive reserve of cash.
B)the South had more combat-age males.
C)the South had more and better railroads.
D)the North was unified by a commitment to end slavery.
E)the North had a much more substantial economy.

Question 17

Taxes enacted by the United States Congress to help finance the Civil War

A)were strongly supported by most citizens in the Union.
B)allowed the federal government to avoid incurring significant debt.
C)kept the sale of public bonds low.
D)included a new income tax.
E)were vetoed by President Lincoln.

Question 18

During the Civil War, "greenbacks" issued by the federal government

A)steadily gained in value as the war progressed.
B)were backed by silver.
C)fluctuated in value depending on the fortunes of the Northern armies.
D)were backed by gold.
E)were backed by gold and silver.

Question 19

In the Emancipation Proclamation, President Abraham Lincoln declared freedom for slaves

A)in the parts of the Confederacy already under Union control.
B)in the slave states that had remained loyal to the Union.
C)that joined the Union military.
D)throughout all states that existed as part of the United States prior to the Civil War.
E)in the parts of the Confederacy still in rebellion.

Question 20

In 1861, President Abraham Lincoln realized that volunteer state militias

A)would have to do the bulk of fighting for the Union.
B)could not wage an effective military campaign.
C)would provide all the military manpower the Union would require.
D)could not be counted on to serve longer than three months.
E)would operate as a drag on the more efficient and experienced United States army.

Question 21

President Abraham Lincoln believed the main objective of the Union armies was to

A)occupy Confederate territory.
B)free Southern slaves.
C)destroy Confederate armies.
D)control Confederate ports.
E)capture Richmond.

Question 22

Which of the following statements about George B.McClellan is FALSE?

A)He ran against Abraham Lincoln in the election of 1864.
B)He originally served as commander of the Army of Northern Virginia.
C)He was found to have, in Lincoln's opinion, a wholly inadequate grasp of strategy.
D)He returned to the field in March 1862.
E)He was eventually replaced by General Henry W.Halleck.

Question 23

Prior to becoming president of the Confederacy, Jefferson Davis

A)had been vice-president of the United States.
B)had called for a gradual phase-out of slavery.
C)had begged South Carolina not to leave the Union.
D)had called for the imprisonment of abolitionists.
E)had been regarded as a moderate on secession

Question 24

General Ulysses S.Grant

A)did not agree with Abraham Lincoln's general strategic objectives.
B)followed Winfield Scott as Lincoln's military chief of staff.
C)believed the key to victory was to capture the Confederate capital.
D)was ultimately succeeded by Henry W.Halleck as chief of staff of the army.
E)thought the main Union effort should target enemy armies and resources.

Question 25

In 1865, as a result of the Civil War, in the South

A)there were more women than men in most states.
B)large numbers of widowed Southern women married Union soldiers.
C)few women could find employment.
D)the traditional roles of women were reinforced and maintained.
E)women were granted the right to vote for their wartime service.

Question 26

The most important Union military commander was

A)George McClellan.
B)Ulysses S.Grant.
C)Abraham Lincoln.
D)William Tecumseh Sherman.
E)George Meade.

Question 27

In comparing the leadership practices of Jefferson Davis and Abraham Lincoln,

A)Davis had less success in controlling the members of his cabinet.
B)Lincoln spent more time on routine matters of state.
C)Davis spent much more time dealing with party politics.
D)Davis demonstrated few administrative abilities.
E)Davis was more careful in following constitutional legalities.

Question 28

African-American soldiers in the Union

A)constituted a large segment of the initial volunteers who joined the war effort.
B)died in combat in larger numbers than white soldiers.
C)were not paid for their military service.
D)experienced a higher mortality rate than white soldiers.
E)were allowed only to dig trenches and transport water.

Question 29

The government of the Confederacy was

A)organized in Richmond and remained there.
B)organized in Montgomery and moved to Richmond.
C)organized in Richmond and moved to Montgomery.
D)organized in Montgomery and remained there.
E)constantly on the move so as to escape Union capture.

Question 30

As president, Jefferson Davis

A)deferred all major military strategy to Robert E.Lee.
B)created an effective central command system.
C)had virtually no knowledge at all of military tactics and strategy.
D)relied heavily on the advice of Braxton Bragg.
E)offered experienced military advice to his generals.

Question 31

During the Civil War, in the Confederacy

A)Southern politicians were strongly united in supporting secession and the war.
B)formal political parties quickly developed.
C)President Jefferson Davis developed a reputation for reckless political action.
D)many Southerners resisted efforts by the Davis government to exert its authority.
E)the national government was almost completely impotent in its dealings with the states.

Question 32

In the Civil War, at lower levels of military command

A)Northern and Southern commanders had markedly different backgrounds.
B)amateur officers played important roles in both the Union and Confederate armies.
C)professional officers on both sides were mostly Ivy League graduates.
D)All the answers are correct.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 33

In naval warfare during the Civil War,

A)the Union blockade of the South was largely ineffective.
B)the Confederacy managed to build a navy equal to the Union.
C)both the Union and Confederate militaries developed ironclads.
D)the Confederacy devastated Union fleets with ironclad warships.
E)the Confederacy managed to seize key Union ports such as Baltimore.

Question 34

The Confederacy financed its war effort primarily through

A)selling bonds.
B)printing money.
C)foreign loans.
D)an income tax.
E)seizure of Northern assets.

Question 35

Between 1861 and 1864, the cost of goods in the Confederacy rose

A)200 percent.
B)600 percent.
C)1,000 percent.
D)3,000 percent.
E)9,000 percent.

Question 36

The wartime South saw

A)an increase in the sale of cotton overseas.
B)numerous bloody slave revolts.
C)almost no black-market commerce.
D)a significant decline in the production of goods.
E)women forced out of the public sphere.

Question 37

The United States Sanitary Commission

A)was organized by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony.
B)helped turn nursing into a female-dominated profession.
C)was welcomed by male doctors.
D)defied the traditional stereotype of women.
E)banned women from working in frontline field hospitals.

Question 38

In the Confederacy, a military draft

A)was not considered necessary until the last months of the Civil War.
B)never allowed for the hiring of substitutes.
C)compelled slaves to serve as soldiers.
D)aroused opposition from poorer whites for its expensive substitute policy.
E)forced all white males between the ages of eighteen and twenty-five to serve for three years.

Question 39

The Union's Committee on the Conduct of the War

A)greatly interfered with the military chain of command and the conduct of the war.
B)was organized by President Abraham Lincoln.
C)limited the financial expenditures by the military.
D)criticized Union generals for having too many combat deaths on both sides.
E)was consistently opposed by Radical Republicans such as Benjamin Wade.

Question 40

Politically, the Confederate constitution

A)was almost identical in many respects to the Constitution of the United States.
B)gave states the right to secede.
C)allowed states the right to abolish slavery.
D)gave the president and vice-president four-year terms.
E)did not allow anti-secessionists to serve in the Confederate government.

Question 41

During the Civil War, as a result of new technology in weapons

A)infantry troops began to fight standing in line formations.
B)the gatling gun became the primary combat weapon.
C)battlefields became more organized.
D)attention to defensive fortifications increased.
E)soldiers were forced to carry rudimentary gas masks.

Question 42

The Battle of Vicksburg in 1863

A)saw a quick Union victory.
B)allowed the North to split the Confederacy in two.
C)briefly revived the military hopes of the Confederacy.
D)was decided by a massive assault by Union troops.
E)put George McClellan back in good standing with President Lincoln.

Question 43

The U.S.Military Telegraph Corps was headed by Thomas Scott and what future Gilded Age tycoon?

A)John D.Rockefeller
B)Cornelius Vanderbilt
C)J.Pierpont Morgan
D)Jay Gould
E)Andrew Carnegie

Question 44

General Robert E.Lee first directly engaged General Ulysses S.Grant

A)at Gettysburg.
B)in the Wilderness campaign.
C)at Chickamauga.
D)at Vicksburg.
E)at Nashville.

Question 45

During the Civil War, railroad transportation

A)encouraged smaller engagements with fewer troops.
B)acted to limit the mobility of armies.
C)forced commanders to organize their campaigns around topography.
D)All the answers are correct.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 46

In the Civil War, the number of deaths for every 100,000 of the population was

A)500.
B)1,000.
C)2,000.
D)4,000.
E)5,000

Question 47

In the Battle of Gettysburg, in order to reach dug-in Union forces, General George Pickett's division had to cross

A)an open field.
B)a broad river.
C)a steep hill.
D)thick woods.
E)an abandoned town.

Question 48

During the Civil War, the state admitted to the Union was

A)Iowa.
B)Minnesota.
C)Wisconsin.
D)West Virginia.
E)Nevada.

Question 49

A major federal victory occurred in April 1862 when Union troops captured the city of

A)New Orleans.
B)Vicksburg.
C)Mobile.
D)Chattanooga.
E)Charleston.

Question 50

The prominent commander who died in the Battle of Chancellorsville in 1863 was

A)George McClellan.
B)Joseph Hooker.
C)Ambrose Burnside.
D)Thomas Jackson.
E)George Meade.

Question 51

In 1861, the so-called Trent affair

A)saw the capture of Union diplomats by the Confederate government.
B)created an international diplomatic crisis for Abraham Lincoln.
C)led England to form closer political ties with the Lincoln administration.
D)resulted in France recalling its ambassador from the United States.
E)was eventually resolved with an indirect apology by England.

Question 52

Which of the following technologies was NOT a part of warfare during the Civil War?

A)hot-air balloons
B)repeating rifles
C)submarines
D)dynamite
E)torpedoes

Question 53

The Battle of Gettysburg

A)represented the last time Confederate forces seriously threatened Union territory.
B)saw Union General George Meade lose nearly a third of his army.
C)saw Union General George Meade clearly be more aggressive than Robert E.Lee.
D)saw Robert E.Lee poised for victory after his attack on Cemetery Ridge.
E)was a Union victory, thanks to Meade having found a copy of Lee's orders.

Question 54

During the Civil War, naval activity was particularly important on the

A)Chesapeake.
B)western rivers.
C)southern gulf.
D)Great Lakes.
E)Outer Banks.

Question 55

In the course of the Civil War,

A)the ruling classes of England and France strongly opposed the Confederacy.
B)the English government consistently supported the Confederacy.
C)the French government formally recognized the Confederacy.
D)English textile workers thrown out of jobs came to resent and oppose the Union.
E)popular support for the Union was strong in England.

Question 56

In 1861, the First Battle of Manassas

A)saw a much larger Union force oppose Confederate troops.
B)was a victory for the Confederates.
C)ended in a stalemate.
D)was witnessed by President Lincoln.
E)proved a severe blow to Confederate morale.

Question 57

The Peninsular campaign in 1862

A)saw General George McClellan plan an ambitious assault on Richmond.
B)was an example of General McClellan's conservative approach to battle.
C)ultimately ended in a Union withdrawal back to northern Virginia.
D)All the answers are correct.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 58

By the end of 1862, Union forces

A)had made considerable progress in the West.
B)were having little success in the East.
C)had closed the mouth of the Mississippi to Confederate trade.
D)All the answers are correct.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 59

The Battle of Antietam in 1862

A)led President Abraham Lincoln to remove George McClellan from command.
B)was a significant Confederate victory.
C)saw Robert E.Lee field an army twice the size of the Union forces.
D)all answers are correct.
E)no answers are correct.

Question 60

As the Battle of Vicksburg was ending, another major battle was taking place in

A)Shiloh.
B)Antietam.
C)Chickamauga.
D)Atlanta.
E)Gettysburg.

Question 61

The United States Sanitary Commission, an organization of civilian volunteers, was led by Horace Greeley.

Question 62

The Confederacy was organized before Lincoln was inaugurated.

Question 63

No additional states seceded from the Union once the war had begun.

Question 64

The North financed the Civil War primarily by borrowing money.

Question 65

The Emancipation Proclamation did not apply to all of the slave states.

Question 66

The South was committed to fighting a defensive war.

Question 67

President Buchanan did not believe that a state had the legal right to secede from the Union.

Question 68

The material advantages of the South were obvious right from the start of the war.

Question 69

To build up the Union army, Lincoln originally relied much more on volunteers in state militias than he did an increase in the regular army.

Question 70

The Emancipation Proclamation was made into law by Congress.

Question 71

The Crittenden Compromise was essentially acceptable to Lincoln and the Republicans.

Question 72

In 1864, General William T.Sherman's "March to the Sea"

A)attempted to avoid the civilian population.
B)saw him face more resistance than Grant faced to his north.
C)never reached the Atlantic Ocean.
D)resulted in mass starvation among Sherman's troops.
E)was designed to demoralize Southerners.

Question 73

African-American mortality rates in the war were higher than whites.

Question 74

Charles Sumner was a Radical Republican.

Question 75

Opinion about the war was more divided in the North than in the South.

Question 76

Black fighting men captured by the Confederates were treated the same as white prisoners of war.

Question 77

In April 1865, President Abraham Lincoln visited the Confederate city of

A)Atlanta.
B)Richmond.
C)Nashville.
D)Norfolk.
E)New Orleans.

Question 78

Despite being a Democrat, Andrew Johnson was selected to run with Lincoln in 1864.

Question 79

Lincoln dared to fight the Civil War without a formal declaration of war, but he did not dare suspend habeas corpus.

Question 80

Robert E.Lee surrendered to Ulysses Grant at Appomattox Courthouse after

A)President Jefferson Davis announced the Confederate government was defeated.
B)President Abraham Lincoln was assassinated.
C)Lee recognized the futility of continued fighting.
D)President Lincoln met President Davis.
E)President Jefferson Davis was captured by Union forces.