Exam 1: EC-Council Certified Incident Handler

Question 1

Developing effective security controls is a balance between:

A) Risk Management and Operations
B) Corporate Culture and Job Expectations
C) Operations and Regulations
D) Technology and Vendor Management

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The PRIMARY objective for information security program development should be:

A) Reducing the impact of the risk to the business.
B) Establishing strategic alignment with bunsiness continuity requirements
C) Establishing incident response programs.
D) Identifying and implementing the best security solutions.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which of the following should be determined while defining risk management strategies?

A) Organizational objectives and risk tolerance
B) Risk assessment criteria
C) IT architecture complexity
D) Enterprise disaster recovery plans

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The FIRST step in establishing a security governance program is to?

A) Conduct a risk assessment.
B) Obtain senior level sponsorship.
C) Conduct a workshop for all end users.
D) Prepare a security budget.

Question 5

Which of the following most commonly falls within the scope of an information security governance steering committee?

A) Approving access to critical financial systems
B) Developing content for security awareness programs
C) Interviewing candidates for information security specialist positions
D) Vetting information security policies

Question 6

When briefing senior management on the creation of a governance process, the MOST important aspect should be:

A) information security metrics.
B) knowledge required to analyze each issue.
C) baseline against which metrics are evaluated.
D) linkage to business area objectives.

Question 7

One of the MAIN goals of a Business Continuity Plan is to

A) Ensure all infrastructure and applications are available in the event of a disaster
B) Allow all technical first-responders to understand their roles in the event of a disaster
C) Provide step by step plans to recover business processes in the event of a disaster
D) Assign responsibilities to the technical teams responsible for the recovery of all data.

Question 8

Which of the following has the GREATEST impact on the implementation of an information security governance model?

A) Organizational budget
B) Distance between physical locations
C) Number of employees
D) Complexity of organizational structure

Question 9

Which of the following is of MOST importance when security leaders of an organization are required to align security to influence the culture of an organization?

A) Poses a strong technical background
B) Understand all regulations affecting the organization
C) Understand the business goals of the organization
D) Poses a strong auditing background

Question 10

From an information security perspective, information that no longer supports the main purpose of the business should be:

A) assessed by a business impact analysis.
B) protected under the information classification policy.
C) analyzed under the data ownership policy.
D) analyzed under the retention policy

Question 11

Which of the following is considered the MOST effective tool against social engineering?

A) Anti-phishing tools
B) Anti-malware tools
C) Effective Security Vulnerability Management Program
D) Effective Security awareness program

Question 12

A security professional has been promoted to be the CISO of an organization.  The first task is to create a security policy for this organization.  The CISO creates and publishes the security policy.  This policy however, is ignored and not enforced consistently.  Which of the following is the MOST likely reason for the policy shortcomings?

A) Lack of a formal security awareness program
B) Lack of a formal security policy governance process
C) Lack of formal definition of roles and responsibilities
D) Lack of a formal risk management policy

Question 13

Who in the organization determines access to information?

A) Legal department
B) Compliance officer
C) Data Owner
D) Information security officer

Question 14

Which of the following is the MOST important benefit of an effective security governance process?

A) Reduction of liability and overall risk to the organization
B) Better vendor management
C) Reduction of security breaches
D) Senior management participation in the incident response process

Question 15

When dealing with Security Incident Response procedures, which of the following steps come FIRST when reacting to an incident?

A) Escalation
B) Recovery
C) Eradication
D) Containment

Question 16

Which of the following is a benefit of information security governance?

A) Questioning the trust in vendor relationships.
B) Increasing the risk of decisions based on incomplete management information.
C) Direct involvement of senior management in developing control processes
D) Reduction of the potential for civil and legal liability

Question 17

An organization's Information Security Policy is of MOST importance because

A) it communicates management's commitment to protecting information resources
B) it is formally acknowledged by all employees and vendors
C) it defines a process to meet compliance requirements
D) it establishes a framework to protect confidential information

Question 18

Which of the following is the MAIN reason to follow a formal risk management process in an organization that hosts and uses privately identifiable information (PII) as part of their business models and processes?

A) Need to comply with breach disclosure laws
B) Need to transfer the risk associated with hosting PII data
C) Need to better understand the risk associated with using PII data
D) Fiduciary responsibility to safeguard credit card information

Question 19

When managing an Information Security Program, which of the following is of MOST importance in order to influence the culture of an organization?

A) An independent Governance, Risk and Compliance organization
B) Alignment of security goals with business goals
C) Compliance with local privacy regulations
D) Support from Legal and HR teams

Question 20

The alerting, monitoring and life-cycle management of security related events is typically handled by the

A) security threat and vulnerability management process
B) risk assessment process
C) risk management process
D) governance, risk, and compliance tools

Question 21

When managing the security architecture for your company you must consider:

A) Security and IT Staff size
B) Company Values
C) Budget
D) All of the above

Question 22

You have purchased a new insurance policy as part of your risk strategy.  Which of the following risk strategy options have you engaged in?

A) Risk Avoidance
B) Risk Acceptance
C) Risk Transfer
D) Risk Mitigation

Question 23

Which of the following is MOST important when dealing with an Information Security Steering committee:

A) Include a mix of members from different departments and staff levels.
B) Ensure that security policies and procedures have been vetted and approved.
C) Review all past audit and compliance reports.
D) Be briefed about new trends and products at each meeting by a vendor.

Question 24

The framework that helps to define a minimum standard of protection that business stakeholders must attempt to achieve is referred to as a standard of:

A) Due Protection
B) Due Care
C) Due Compromise
D) Due process

Question 25

Risk that remains after risk mitigation is known as

A) Persistent risk
B) Residual risk
C) Accepted risk
D) Non-tolerated risk

Question 26

When dealing with a risk management process, asset classification is important because it will impact the overall:

A) Threat identification
B) Risk monitoring
C) Risk treatment
D) Risk tolerance

Question 27

The PRIMARY objective of security awareness is to:

A) Ensure that security policies are read.
B) Encourage security-conscious employee behavior.
C) Meet legal and regulatory requirements.
D) Put employees on notice in case follow-up action for noncompliance is necessary

Question 28

Which of the following is a MAJOR consideration when an organization retains sensitive customer data and uses this data to better target the organization's products and services?

A) Strong authentication technologies
B) Financial reporting regulations
C) Credit card compliance and regulations
D) Local privacy laws

Question 29

You have implemented a new security control.  Which of the following risk strategy options have you engaged in?

A) Risk Avoidance
B) Risk Acceptance
C) Risk Transfer
D) Risk Mitigation

Question 30

What is the definition of Risk in Information Security?

A) Risk = Probability x Impact
B) Risk = Threat x Probability
C) Risk = Financial Impact x Probability
D) Risk = Impact x Threat

Question 31

Which of the following is MOST likely to be discretionary?

A) Policies
B) Procedures
C) Guidelines
D) Standards

Question 32

Quantitative Risk Assessments have the following advantages over qualitative risk assessments:

A) They are objective and can express risk / cost in real numbers
B) They are subjective and can be completed more quickly
C) They are objective and express risk / cost in approximates
D) They are subjective and can express risk /cost in real numbers

Question 33

A method to transfer risk is to:

A) Implement redundancy
B) move operations to another region
C) purchase breach insurance
D) Alignment with business operations

Question 34

Regulatory requirements typically force organizations to implement

A) Mandatory controls
B) Discretionary controls
C) Optional controls
D) Financial controls

Question 35

What is a difference from the list below between quantitative and qualitative Risk Assessment?

A) Quantitative risk assessments result in an exact number (in monetary terms)
B) Qualitative risk assessments result in a quantitative assessment (high, medium, low, red, yellow, green)
C) Qualitative risk assessments map to business objectives
D) Quantitative risk assessments result in a quantitative assessment (high, medium, low, red, yellow, green)

Question 36

After a risk assessment is performed, a particular risk is considered to have the potential of costing the organization 1.2 Million USD.  This is an example of

A) Risk Tolerance
B) Qualitative risk analysis
C) Risk Appetite
D) Quantitative risk analysis

Question 37

If your organization operates under a model of "assumption of breach", you should:

A) Protect all information resource assets equally
B) Establish active firewall monitoring protocols
C) Purchase insurance for your compliance liability
D) Focus your security efforts on high value assets

Question 38

In accordance with best practices and international standards, how often is security awareness training provided to employees of an organization?

A) High risk environments 6 months, low risk environments 12 months
B) Every 12 months
C) Every 18 months
D) Every six months

Question 39

Which of the following intellectual Property components is focused on maintaining brand recognition?

A) Trademark
B) Patent
C) Research Logs
D) Copyright

Question 40

When an organization claims it is secure because it is PCI-DSS certified, what is a good first question to ask towards assessing the effectiveness of their security program?

A) How many credit card records are stored?
B) How many servers do you have?
C) What is the scope of the certification?
D) What is the value of the assets at risk?

Question 41

An organization is looking for a framework to measure the efficiency and effectiveness of their Information Security Management System. Which of the following international standards can BEST assist this organization?

A) International Organization for Standardizations - 27004 (ISO-27004)
B) Payment Card Industry Data Security Standards (PCI-DSS)
C) Control Objectives for Information Technology (COBIT)
D) International Organization for Standardizations - 27005 (ISO-27005)

Question 42

Risk is defined as:

A) Threat times vulnerability divided by control
B) Advisory plus capability plus vulnerability
C) Asset loss times likelihood of event
D) Quantitative plus qualitative impact

Question 43

A global retail organization is looking to implement a consistent Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity Process across all of its business units. Which of the following standards and guidelines can BEST address this organization's need?

A) International Organization for Standardizations - 22301 (ISO-22301)
B) Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL)
C) Payment Card Industry Data Security Standards (PCI-DSS)
D) International Organization for Standardizations - 27005 (ISO-27005)

Question 44

A Security Operations Centre (SOC) manager is informed that a database containing highly sensitive corporate strategy information is under attack. Information has been stolen and the database server was disconnected. Who must be informed of this incident?

A) Internal audit
B) The data owner
C) All executive staff
D) Government regulators

Question 45

You have recently drafted a revised information security policy. From whom should you seek endorsement in order to have the GREATEST chance for adoption and implementation throughout the entire organization?

A) Chief Information Security Officer
B) Chief Executive Officer
C) Chief Information Officer
D) Chief Legal Counsel

Question 46

An organization has defined a set of standard security controls.  This organization has also defined the circumstances and conditions in which they must be applied. What is the NEXT logical step in applying the controls in the organization?

A) Determine the risk tolerance
B) Perform an asset classification
C) Create an architecture  gap analysis
D) Analyze existing controls on systems

Question 47

The exposure factor of a threat to your organization is defined by?

A) Asset value times exposure factor
B) Annual rate of occurrence
C) Annual loss expectancy minus current cost of controls
D) Percentage of loss experienced due to a realized threat event

Question 48

What two methods are used to assess risk impact?

A) Cost and annual rate of expectance
B) Subjective and Objective
C) Qualitative and percent of loss realized
D) Quantitative and qualitative

Question 49

A security manager regualrly checks work areas after buisness hours for security violations; such as unsecured files or unattended computers with active sessions. This activity BEST demonstrates what part of a security program?

A) Audit validation
B) Physical control testing
C) Compliance management
D) Security awareness training

Question 50

An organization licenses and uses personal information for business operations, and a server containing that information has been compromised. What kind of law would require notifying the owner or licensee of this incident?

A) Data breach disclosure
B) Consumer right disclosure
C) Security incident disclosure
D) Special circumstance disclosure

Question 51

A global retail company is creating a new compliance management process.  Which of the following regulations is of MOST importance to be tracked and managed by this process?

A) Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL)
B) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards
C) Payment Card Industry Data Security Standards (PCI-DSS)
D) National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST) standard

Question 52

A security manager has created a risk program. Which of the following is a critical part of ensuring the program is successful?

A) Providing a risk program governance structure
B) Ensuring developers include risk control comments in code
C) Creating risk assessment templates based on specific threats
D) Allowing for the acceptance of risk for regulatory compliance requirements

Question 53

In which of the following cases, would an organization be more prone to risk acceptance vs. risk mitigation?

A) The organization uses exclusively a quantitative process to measure risk
B) The organization uses exclusively a qualitative process to measure risk
C) The organization's risk tolerance is high
D) The organization's risk tolerance is lo

Question 54

A company wants to fill a Chief Information Security Officer position in the organization. They need to define and implement a more holistic security program. Which of the following qualifications and experience would be MOST desirable to find in a candidate?

A) Multiple certifications, strong technical capabilities and lengthy resume
B) Industry certifications, technical knowledge and program management skills
C) College degree, audit capabilities and complex project management
D) Multiple references, strong background check and industry certifications

Question 55

According to ISO 27001, of the steps for establishing an Information Security Governance program listed below, which comes first?

A) Identify threats, risks, impacts and vulnerabilities
B) Decide how to manage risk
C) Define the budget of the Information Security Management System
D) Define Information Security Policy

Question 56

An organization's firewall technology needs replaced. A specific technology has been selected that is less costly than others and lacking in some important capabilities. The security officer has voiced concerns about sensitive data breaches but the decision is made to purchase. What does this selection indicate?

A) A high threat environment
B) A low risk tolerance environment
C) I low vulnerability environment
D) A high risk tolerance environment

Question 57

Ensuring that the actions of a set of people, applications and systems follow the organization's rules is BEST described as:

A) Risk management
B) Security management
C) Mitigation management
D) Compliance management

Question 58

You have a system with 2 identified risks. You determine the probability of one risk occurring is higher than the

A) Controlled mitigation effort
B) Risk impact comparison
C) Relative likelihood of event
D) Comparative threat analysis

Question 59

A global health insurance company is concerned about protecting confidential information.  Which of the following is of MOST concern to this organization?

A) Compliance to the Payment Card Industry (PCI) regulations.
B) Alignment with financial reporting regulations for each country where they operate.
C) Alignment with International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards.
D) Compliance with patient data protection regulations for each country where they operate.

Question 60

Which of the following international standards can be BEST used to define a Risk Management process in an organization?

A) National Institute for Standards and Technology 800-50 (NIST 800-50)
B) International Organization for Standardizations - 27005 (ISO-27005)
C) Payment Card Industry Data Security Standards (PCI-DSS)
D) International Organization for Standardizations - 27004 (ISO-27004)

Question 61

What is the MAIN reason for conflicts between Information Technology and Information Security programs?

A) Technology governance defines technology policies and standards while security governance does not.
B) Security governance defines technology best practices and Information Technology governance does not.
C) Technology Governance is focused on process risks whereas Security Governance is focused on business risk.
D) The effective implementation of security controls can be viewed as an inhibitor to rapid Information Technology implementations.

Question 62

What is the main purpose of the Incident Response Team?

A) Ensure efficient recovery and reinstate repaired systems
B) Create effective policies detailing program activities
C) Communicate details of information security incidents
D) Provide current employee awareness programs

Question 63

Which of the following is used to establish and maintain a framework to provide assurance that information security strategies are aligned with organizational objectives?

A) Awareness
B) Compliance
C) Governance
D) Management

Question 64

What is the BEST way to achieve on-going compliance monitoring in an organization?

A) Only check compliance right before the auditors are scheduled to arrive onsite.
B) Outsource compliance to a 3rd party vendor and let them manage the program.
C) Have Compliance and Information Security partner to correct issues as they arise.
D) Have Compliance direct Information Security to fix issues after the auditors report.

Question 65

Within an organization's vulnerability management program, who has the responsibility to implement remediation actions?

A) Security officer
B) Data owner
C) Vulnerability engineer
D) System administrator

Question 66

A security officer wants to implement a vulnerability scanning program. The officer is uncertain of the state of vulnerability resiliency within the organization's large IT infrastructure. What would be the BEST approach to minimize scan data output while retaining a realistic view of system vulnerability?

A) Scan a representative sample of systems
B) Perform the scans only during off-business hours
C) Decrease the vulnerabilities within the scan tool settings
D) Filter the scan output so only pertinent data is analyzed

Question 67

The success of the Chief Information Security Officer is MOST dependent upon:

A) favorable audit findings
B) following the recommendations of consultants and contractors
C) development of relationships with organization executives
D) raising awareness of security issues with end users

Question 68

Which of the following represents the HIGHEST negative impact resulting from an ineffective security governance program?

A) Reduction of budget
B) Decreased security awareness
C) Improper use of information resources
D) Fines for regulatory non-compliance

Question 69

Risk appetite directly affects what part of a vulnerability management program?

A) Staff
B) Scope
C) Schedule
D) Scan tools

Question 70

Which of the following functions MUST your Information Security Governance program include for formal organizational reporting?

A) Audit and Legal
B) Budget and Compliance
C) Human Resources and Budget
D) Legal and Human Resources

Question 71

Information security policies should be reviewed:

A) by stakeholders at least annually
B) by the CISO when new systems are brought online
C) by the Incident Response team after an audit  
D) by internal audit semiannually

Question 72

When choosing a risk mitigation method what is the MOST important factor?

A) Approval from the board of directors
B) Cost of the mitigation is less than the risk
C) Metrics of mitigation method success
D) Mitigation method complies with PCI regulations

Question 73

When creating a vulnerability scan schedule, who is the MOST critical person to communicate with in order to ensure impact of the scan is minimized?

A) The asset owner
B) The asset manager
C) The data custodian
D) The project manager

Question 74

Which of the following is a weakness of an asset or group of assets that can be exploited by one or more threats?

A) Threat
B) Vulnerability
C) Attack vector
D) Exploitation

Question 75

Which of the following provides an audit framework?

A) Control Objectives for IT (COBIT)
B) Payment Card Industry-Data Security Standard (PCI-DSS)
C) International Organization Standard (ISO) 27002
D) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) SP 800-30

Question 76

An organization information security policy serves to

A) establish budgetary input in order to meet compliance requirements
B) establish acceptable systems and user behavior
C) define security configurations for systems
D) define relationships with external law enforcement agencies

Question 77

Payment Card Industry (PCI) compliance requirements are based on what criteria?

A) The types of cardholder data retained
B) The duration card holder data is retained
C) The size of the organization processing credit card data
D) The number of transactions performed per year by an organization

Question 78

The Information Security Management program MUST protect:

A) all organizational assets
B) critical business processes and /or revenue streams
C) intellectual property released into the public domain
D) against distributed denial of service attacks

Question 79

When deploying an Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) the BEST way to get maximum protection from the system is to deploy it

A) In promiscuous mode and only detect malicious traffic.
B) In-line and turn on blocking mode to stop malicious traffic.
C) In promiscuous mode and block malicious traffic.
D) In-line and turn on alert mode to stop malicious traffic.

Question 80

The purpose of NIST SP 800-53 as part of the NIST System Certification and Accreditation Project is to establish a set of standardized, minimum security controls for IT systems addressing low, moderate, and high levels of concern for

A) Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability
B) Assurance, Compliance and Availability
C) International Compliance
D) Integrity and Availability