Deck 15: Virtual Reality Imaging

Question 1

The following factors must be considered before the use of virtual endoscopy becomes commonplace except:

A)it must be better than real endoscopy
B)it must be accepted by the public
C)it must reduce patient dose
D)radiologists must be well versed in interpreting normal versus abnormal features of anatomy being investigated

Answer 1

it must reduce patient dose

Question 2

The Navigator visualization software allows for all of the following except:

A)capabilities for viewing inside cavities
B)capabilities for tumor staging
C)real time navigation, or "fly through"
D)viewing of three-dimensional surface-rendered abnormalities of tubular structures

Answer 2

capabilities for tumor staging

Question 3

One advantage of virtual endoscopy is that it can reduce complications that might arise from conventional endoscopy.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Which imaging technique uses virtual reality concepts in the creation of inner views of tubular structures?

A)virtual cardiology
B)virtual endoscopy
C)virtual gastroenterology
D)virtual bronchoscopy

Question 5

Which of the following is a volumetric imaging technique that displays bone, soft tissue, and vessels at the same time?

A)three-dimensional rendering
B)compositing
C)dissection
D)volumizing

Question 6

The next step after data acquisition that is intended to optimize the images before they are subject to further processing and analysis is:

A)three-dimensional rendering
B)image display
C)image preprocessing
D)patient preparation

Question 7

Computed tomographic colonoscopy is an integral tool for the examination of colorectal polyp detection.

Question 8

Volume rendering provides the best results because it: I. adds lifelike reality to the images
II) minimizes partial volume-averaging artifacts
III) produces optimum visualization of the anatomy

A)I and II
B)II and III
C)I and III
D)I, II, and III

Question 9

Virtual endoscopy includes all of the following applications except:

A)virtual arthroscopy
B)virtual colonoscopy
C)virtual cholangiopancreatoscopy
D)virtual labyrinthoscopy

Question 10

What technique is used to virtually unroll, slice open, and display a three-dimensional model of the colon?

A)virtual cropping
B)virtual cutting
C)virtual dissection
D)virtual splicing

Question 11

In the semiautomatic mode of __________ the user selects objects to include the data set through the use of windowing.

A)three-dimensional rendering
B)image segmentation
C)surface rendering
D)volume extraction

Question 12

Most experts agree that surface rendering is not best suited for use in computed tomography virtual reality imaging.

Question 13

What is the first step in virtual endoscopy imaging?

A)careful selection of scan parameters
B)image segmentation
C)three-dimensional rendering
D)image display

Question 14

Studies have shown that virtual endoscopies would be more expensive than real endoscopies.

Question 15

Virtual reality is a branch of computer science that immerses users in a computer-generated environment and allows them to interact with three-dimensional scenes.

Question 16

Technical applications created from multislice computed tomography scanners include all of the following except:

A)three-dimensional imaging
B)computed tomographic angiography
C)computed tomographic tumor localization
D)computed tomographic virtual reality

Question 17

Preprocessing involves the use of all of the following except:

A)classification
B)delineation
C)image segmentation
D)noise-filtering algorithms

Question 18

Proper patient preparation is not important for the success of virtual colonoscopy.

Question 19

The fourth dimension involved in four-dimensional angiography is ____________.

A)density
B)opacity
C)pressure
D)time

Question 20

Which of the following is a technique whereby three-dimensional surfaces are extracted from a volume or whereby voxels are extracted from a volume into another three-dimensional segmented region?

A)three-dimensional rendering
B)image segmentation
C)multiplanar reconstruction
D)volume extraction