Deck 6: Eucaryotic Microorganisms: Fungi, protozoa and Multicellular Organisms

Question 1

A microorganism that mainly causes disease in people with weakened body defences is called a(n)

A)systemic mycosis.
B)spore-former.
C)opportunistic pathogen.
D)filamentous pathogen.
E)natural pathogen.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following predisposes a person to a fungal infection?

A)Neutropenia.
B)Treatment with immunosuppressive drugs.
C)Treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics.
D)Diabetes.
E)All of the above.

Answer 2

E

Question 3

Which of the following statements about fungi is TRUE?

A)Fungi may be unicellular or multicellular.
B)All fungi are eucaryotic.
C)A few fungi are pathogenic to humans.
D)Fungi are heterotrophic.
E)All of the above.

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Many fungi thrive where bacteria cannot grow.This is because fungi

A)can use atmospheric carbon dioxide as a carbon source for growth.
B)produce spores,but bacteria do not.
C)can grow on substances with very low moisture content.
D)produce hyphae which can absorb nutrients.
E)use chlorophyll to carry out photosynthesis.

Question 5

Moulds usually reproduce by

A)binary fission.
B)budding.
C)forming asexual spores.
D)schizogony.
E)forming gametes.

Question 6

Candida albicans exhibits dimorphism,which means that it

A)can grow aerobically or anaerobically.
B)can grow in filamentous form or as yeast cells.
C)grows in pairs of cells.
D)contains two nuclei.
E)contains subcellular organelles.

Question 7

Fungal infections of humans

A)are mostly subcutaneous infections.
B)are relatively easy to treat.
C)occur only in immunocompromised patients.
D)are very rare.
E)none of the above.

Question 8

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)Candida infections always follow antibiotic usage.
B)Yeasts are a common cause of vaginitis.
C)Cutaneous Candida infections occur in diabetic patients.
D)Candida can cause thrush or systemic infections.
E)Candida albicans causes thrush in neonates.

Question 9

Moulds are most often identified by

A)their ability to ferment specific substrates.
B)their ability to grow on different media.
C)microscopic examination of their subcellular structures.
D)the microscopic appearance of their spore-bearing hyphae.
E)Gram staining of the cells.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT classed as a eucaryotic cell?

A)A yeast cell.
B)A chlamydia.
C)A fungus.
D)An amoeba.
E)A leucocyte.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A)Yeasts are unicellular organisms.
B)Yeasts reproduce by budding.
C)Some yeasts can grow in a filamentous form.
D)Some yeasts can ferment glucose to alcohol.
E)All of the above.

Question 12

Dermatophytes are a type of fungi which may cause

A)tinea.
B)ringworm.
C)athlete's foot.
D)all of the above.
E)none of the above.

Question 13

The study of fungi is called

A)epidemiology.
B)morphology.
C)pathology.
D)mycology.
E)parasitology.

Question 14

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A)Yeasts and moulds are multicellular fungi.
B)All fungi have cell walls.
C)Fungi cannot tolerate extremes of pH and osmotic pressure.
D)Fungi can use carbon dioxide as a carbon source.
E)Fungi only grow on decomposing vegetation.

Question 15

Aspergillus fumigatus

A)is a mould that is widely distributed in the environment.
B)mainly causes mucocutaneous infections.
C)infects humans and plants.
D)is a non-spore forming mould.
E)all of the above.

Question 16

A yeast that commonly causes meningitis in people with AIDS is

A)Cryptococcus neoformans.
B)Candida albicans.
C)Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
D)Pneumocystis jiroveci.
E)Candida glabrata.

Question 17

Tinea is

A)a systemic fungal infection.
B)caused by a worm.
C)an infection caused by a saccharomycete.
D)a cutaneous mycosis.
E)none of the above.

Question 18

Thrush is caused by

A)herpes zoster.
B)Chlamydia trachomatis.
C)Staphylococcus epidermidis.
D)Candida albicans.
E)human papilloma virus.

Question 19

Candida albicans is a yeast which

A)is a source of antibiotics.
B)is a normal human commensal.
C)only causes infections after antibiotic use.
D)is a common cause of impetigo.
E)all of the above.

Question 20

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A)Systemic mycoses may be fatal.
B)Candida albicans can cause systemic infections.
C)Opportunistic fungal infections occur in people with AIDS.
D)Fungal infections may be localised or systemic.
E)All of the above.

Question 21

Hydatid cysts

A)are the egg form of the dog tapeworm.
B)are transmitted by infected mosquitoes.
C)are sacs of fluid containing larvae of Echinococcus.
D)is a roundworm infestation that may cause blindness in children.
E)are a stage in the life cycle of the beef tapeworm.

Question 22

Flukes

A)have a relatively simple life cycle.
B)are flat worms that attach to the large intestine.
C)are worms with a free-living infective stage found in water.
D)are commonly acquired while swimming in Australian rivers.
E)infect humans following ingestion of contaminated water.

Question 23

Pinworms

A)lay eggs in the soil.
B)only affect children.
C)are not found in Australia.
D)are transmitted by eating offal.
E)cause itching around the anus.

Question 24

Helminth infections

A)are always serious,causing significant morbidity.
B)only occur in developing countries.
C)are always transmitted person to person.
D)have humans as the definitive host.
E)may have more than one host in their life cycle.

Question 25

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A)Tapeworms consist of a head and segmented body.
B)The scolex of the tapeworm uses suckers to attach to the intestine.
C)Tapeworms absorb nutrients through pores in their proglottids.
D)Each proglottid of a tapeworm has male and female sexual organs.
E)All of the above.

Question 26

Which of the following is acquired by eating undercooked pork?

A)Filariasis.
B)Trichinosis.
C)Hydatids.
D)Hookworm.
E)Schistosomiasis.

Question 27

Hookworms

A)are not found in Australia.
B)gain entry to the body by burrowing through the skin.
C)only infect the lungs.
D)are usually at least 10 cm in length.
E)are totally resistant to drug treatment.

Question 28

Which of the following protozoa causes malaria?

A)Plasmodium.
B)Cryptosporidium.
C)Trichomonas.
D)Toxoplasma.
E)Microsporidium.

Question 29

Which group of protozoa is non-motile?

A)Sarcodina.
B)Amoebae.
C)Flagellates.
D)Ciliates.
E)Mastigophora.

Question 30

Protozoa are

A)single-celled procaryotic organisms.
B)procaryotic organisms that live in water.
C)single-celled eucaryotic organisms.
D)multi-celled eucaryotic organisms.
E)multi-celled procaryotic organisms.

Question 31

Protozoa are organisms which

A)are classified by the way they move.
B)are similar in structure to bacteria.
C)obtain their energy from sunlight.
D)sometimes form endospores for survival.
E)all of the above.

Question 32

Toxoplasmosis

A)is usually a mild illness in adults.
B)can be acquired by consumption of undercooked meats.
C)can be transmitted in cat faeces.
D)can cause congenital defects in an unborn baby.
E)all of the above.

Question 33

Which of the following is TRUE about malaria?

A)It can be life-threatening.
B)It can be acquired in developed countries like Australia.
C)The parasite has developed resistance to some antimalarial drugs.
D)Only Anopheles mosquitoes transmit the disease.
E)All of the above.

Question 34

Protozoal diseases are most often acquired by

A)sharing of contaminated eating utensils.
B)intravenous drug abusers.
C)the bite of a blood-sucking insect.
D)unprotected sex with an infected person.
E)close contact with an infected person.

Question 35

A protozoal disease which is often transmitted in contaminated drinking water is

A)toxoplasmosis.
B)trichomoniasis.
C)giardiasis.
D)chlamydia.
E)malaria.

Question 36

The current treatment for worm infestations in developing countries

A)has led to the eradication of most worm infestations.
B)relies on the destruction of intermediate hosts or vectors.
C)is based on regular administration of antihelminthic drugs.
D)is impractical because of the high cost of drugs.
E)none of the above.

Question 37

Which of the following diseases is caused by a protozoan?

A)Ringworm.
B)Legionnaires' disease.
C)Toxoplasmosis.
D)Yellow fever.
E)Thrush.

Question 38

The organisms that cause parasitic infections

A)infect only humans.
B)produce resistant spores in soil and water supplies.
C)have a simple life cycle.
D)are protozoa,helminths or arthropods.
E)all of the above.

Question 39

A parasitic infection is one that

A)is caused by an organism that derives oxygen from its host.
B)always results in the death of the host.
C)does not harm the host in any way.
D)is diagnosed by a characteristic skin rash.
E)none of the above.

Question 40

Which form of a parasite is harboured by the definitive host?

A)Cyst.
B)Adult.
C)Larva.
D)Spore.
E)Pupa.

Question 41

Ectoparasites

A)cause serious blood-borne diseases.
B)live in a parasitic relationship on the surface of humans.
C)are only found in crowded living conditions.
D)include mosquitoes,sandflies and ticks.
E)all of the above.

Question 42

Lice

A)are protozoa that live on the skin.
B)are transmitted by fleas.
C)are the egg form of the common bed bug.
D)are only transmitted by sexual contact.
E)none of the above.

Question 43

Scabies is

A)a skin irritation and infection caused by a mite.
B)a disease carried by fleas.
C)the larval form of the human body louse.
D)a general term for the rash caused by any arthropod.
E)a non-transmissible skin infection.