Deck 3: Drugs and the Nervous System

Question 1

Which neurotransmitter plays an important role in sleep regulation?

A)glutamate
B)serotonin
C)dopamine
D)acetylcholine

Answer 1

C

Question 2

What is monoamine oxidase?

A)the enzyme that breaks down norepinephrine and dopamine
B)a neurotransmitter responsible for human excitement
C)an enzyme that mimics a neurotransmitter
D)a vessel located in the terminal buttons

Answer 2

A

Question 3

A PET scan detects that Mark's neurotransmitters are in the synapse.Where were they released from?

A)axon terminals
B)dendrites
C)receptor sites
D)the myelin

Answer 3

A

Question 4

What disease is characterized by severe muscle weakness and fatigue,and is caused by a blockage of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction?

A)Alzheimer's disease
B)Parkinson's disease
C)muscular dystrophy
D)myasthenia gravis

Question 5

Which process removes neurotransmitters from the synapse?

A)enzyme breakdown and spontaneous disintegration
B)reuptake and spontaneous disintegration
C)spontaneous disintegration and metabotropic breakdown
D)enzyme breakdown and reuptake

Question 6

How do drugs act on the nervous system?

A)by affecting the activating neurotransmitters
B)by mimicking the effects of neurotransmitters
C)by changing the shape of the synapse
D)by altering the shape of the axon myelin

Question 7

What is the name for the site between neurons and muscle cells where chemical release causes muscle cells to contract?

A)synapse
B)dendrite
C)neuromuscular junction
D)medulla

Question 8

If a neurotransmitter is viewed as a key,what structure would be viewed as the lock?

A)the axon
B)the synapse
C)the receptor
D)the axon terminal

Question 9

How does the antagonist drug naloxone work?

A)by stimulating nicotinic receptors
B)by blocking receptors
C)by reducing synthesis of GABA
D)by reducing reuptake

Question 10

What is the term for the sheath that usually covers an axon?

A)dopamine
B)mylar
C)myelin
D)synapse membrane

Question 11

Which neurotransmitter is active at the neuromuscular junction?

A)acetylcholine
B)dopamine
C)myosin
D)serotonin

Question 12

What is the term for the packages that neurotransmitters are stored in?

A)dendrites
B)axon terminals
C)receptor sites
D)ionotropes

Question 13

What is the term for the electrical activity along the axon that occurs when a neuron fires?

A)modal current
B)action potential
C)metabotropic activity
D)tomography

Question 14

When neurotransmitter molecules are released into the small space between two neurons,what is the space they have entered?

A)axon
B)axon terminal
C)dendrite
D)synapse

Question 15

Mary's daughter was just told by the doctor that her mother most likely has Alzheimer's disease.Which neurotransmitter is thought to play a critical role in this disease?

A)dopamine
B)norepinephrine
C)acetylcholine
D)serotonin

Question 16

What are the specialized structures called which are located on dendrites and cell bodies of the neurons that are activated by neurotransmitters?

A)receptor sites
B)axon terminals
C)synapses
D)vesicles

Question 17

What determines whether a neurotransmitter is excitatory or inhibitory?

A)the type of receptor
B)the ionotropic channel
C)the speed of synapsis
D)the rate of synthesis

Question 18

Which of the following is a compound that occupies a receptor,but does NOT activate the neuron?

A)an agonist
B)an antagonist
C)an enzyme
D)a neurotransmitter

Question 19

What type of event occurs during the transmission of information at the synapse?

A)chemical event
B)ontogenetic event
C)electrical event
D)tomographic event

Question 20

What is occurring when ion channels for sodium and potassium open and close in rapid succession,causing the neuron to depolarize and then repolarize?

A)modal current
B)action potential
C)metabotropic activity
D)tomography

Question 21

For which disease is progressive deterioration of motor control a key symptom?

A)Parkinson's disease
B)schizophrenia
C)serotonin syndrome
D)Alzheimer's disease

Question 22

Parkinson's disease produces tremors and muscular rigidity because of damage to which of the following?

A)the blood-brain barrier
B)norepinephrine neurons in the hippocampus
C)acetylcholine neurons in the sympathetic branch
D)dopamine neurons in the basal ganglia

Question 23

Travis struggles not only with aggression,impulsivity,and psychological depression,but weight control too.What might be a cause for these problems?

A)the parasympathetic branch
B)GABA receptors
C)serotonin pathways
D)monoamines

Question 24

Which brain structure is an important link in the feeding,temperature regulation,and sexual behaviour of human functioning?

A)reticular activating system
B)substantia nigra
C)hypothalamus
D)inferior colliculi

Question 25

For which disease is progressive loss of memory and other cognitive functions a key symptom?

A)Parkinson's disease
B)schizophrenia
C)serotonin syndrome
D)Alzheimer's disease

Question 26

Which neurotransmitter is mimicked by the active chemical in marijuana?

A)anandamide
B)acetylcholine
C)GABA
D)endorphin

Question 27

Which neurotransmitter is primarily implicated in Parkinson's disease?

A)dopamine
B)glycine
C)norepinephrine
D)serotonin

Question 28

What is the name of the brain structure that produces dopamine and,when damaged,produces symptoms called Parkinson's disease?

A)substantia nigra
B)meninges
C)medial forebrain bundle
D)cerebrospinal region

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT a monoamine?

A)serotonin
B)dopamine
C)endorphin
D)norepinephrine

Question 30

What do the terms parasympathetic and sympathetic refer to?

A)internal structures of negative and positive ions
B)the limbic system
C)the autonomic nervous system
D)categories of agonist neurotransmitters

Question 31

What chemical pathway appears to be important both in some types of psychotic behaviour and in the reinforcing properties of various drugs?

A)acetylcholine pathway from the nucleus basalis
B)mesolimbic dopaminergic pathway
C)medial forebrain bundle
D)serotonin pathway of the cerebrospinal region

Question 32

In Canada,three drugs have been approved for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.Which of the following is NOT one of those drugs?

A)Aricept
B)Ritalin
C)Reminyl
D)Exelon

Question 33

Which neurotransmitter is found in most parts of the brain and is considered inhibitory?

A)endorphin
B)L-dopa
C)GABA
D)serotonin

Question 34

What is the name of the system that "filters" blood before it enters the brain?

A)periventricular filter system
B)blood-brain barrier
C)blood filtration system
D)a-lop filter

Question 35

What has recent research on adult neurogenesis focused on?

A)hippocampus
B)pons
C)medulla
D)thalamus

Question 36

What is one of the primary functions of the reticular formation?

A)controlling release of hormones
B)controlling vomiting and swallowing
C)controlling regulation of the autonomic nervous system
D)controlling arousal and alertness level

Question 37

Tom and Stacey's infant died from Sudden Infant Death Syndrome.What deficiency suffered by the baby might the doctor discuss with them?

A)serotonin
B)dopamine
C)acetylcholine
D)GABA

Question 38

Jason drank six beers,four shots of vodka,and soon began to vomit.Which part of the brain would react due to the high level of these toxic substances?

A)hindbrain
B)midbrain
C)hypothalamus
D)thalamus

Question 39

Sarah often relives the car accident where she was hospitalized and her friend was killed by a drunk driver.Which branch of her autonomic nervous system is activated when doing so?

A)parasympathetic branch
B)sympathetic branch
C)central branch
D)peripheral branch

Question 40

After a long day of school followed by a soccer practice,Hannah arrives at the dinner table hungry and thirsty.What part of her brain structure does her mother tell her is working effectively?

A)hippocampus
B)reticular activating system
C)hypothalamus
D)medulla

Question 41

Neural firing is "all-or-none."

Question 42

Andrea and Roberta walk by Alice's garden and state at that same time,"What a beautiful garden Alice has." Where in their brains is this information projected?

A)occipital lobe
B)temporal lobe
C)parietal lobe
D)frontal lobe

Question 43

Jack told his friend Bill that when he sees beautiful women jogging along the pathway he feels he has had a perfect moment.What part of Jack's brain is most stimulated during these moments?

A)the medulla
B)cerebrospinal region
C)substantia nigra
D)mesolimbic dopaminergic pathway

Question 44

The botulinum toxin achieves its deadly effects by blocking the release of dopamine at the neuromuscular junction.

Question 45

The brain is protected from toxic compounds by the blood-brain barrier,which screens many chemicals,including dopamine.

Question 46

What would result from a drug that caused spontaneous firing of neurons in the occipital lobes of the cortex?

A)sexual arousal
B)auditory hallucinations
C)visual hallucinations
D)loss of memory

Question 47

Which technique involves injecting radioactive isotopes into the brain?

A)SPECT
B)PET scan
C)MRI
D)fMRI

Question 48

What is magnetic resonance imagery (MRI)used for?

A)to measure voltage in a single neuron
B)to create a three-dimensional image of the brain
C)to determine which chemicals are active at a given synapse
D)to provide a direct analysis of brain tissue

Question 49

A compound that occupies and activates a receptor site is called an antagonist.

Question 50

The space between neurons is the axon.

Question 51

"I can't remember anything," Sally tells her mother when they are talking about her dance recital three years ago.Which area is thought to be critical to Sally's ability to remember?

A)hippocampus
B)cerebellum
C)hypothalamus
D)basal ganglia

Question 52

Neural transmission is said to be electrical at the synapse.

Question 53

Phineas Gage damaged his frontal lobe in a freak accident.What problems did he experience after his injury?

A)Gage became paralyzed.
B)Gage lost the ability to use language.
C)Gage could no longer control his emotions or impulses.
D)Gage was in a coma for 14 years.

Question 54

The terms agonist and antagonist also refer to drugs that enhance.

Question 55

GABA is the neurotransmitter thought to be critical in depression.

Question 56

The complex branching parts of a neuron that receive information from other neurons are called dendrites.

Question 57

Dopamine is a neurotransmitter.

Question 58

Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter that is released at the neuromuscular junction.

Question 59

Which structures make up the basal ganglia?

A)hypothalamus,corpus callosum,thalamus
B)globus pallidus,caudate nucleus,putamen
C)cortex,reticular formation,hippocampus
D)mesolimbic dopaminergic pathways,substantia nigra,cerebrospinal fluid

Question 60

According to research,which areas of the brain should be studied to understand drug craving and its associated brain activity?

A)hypothalamus
B)hippocampus
C)temporal lobe
D)limbic areas

Question 61

New neurons continue to be born in the human brain even after a person reaches adulthood.

Question 62

Trace the events that occur during the transmission of information from one neuron to another.

Question 63

The mesolimbic dopaminergic pathway is the brain center involved with memory.

Question 64

Some designer drugs can cause brain damage.

Question 65

What are the major branches of the human nervous system? Indicate their respective functions.

Question 66

List the major neurotransmitters and describe their functions.

Question 67

The hypothalamus is involved with the storage of memories.

Question 68

Discuss the ways that brain damage can be assessed.

Question 69

The neurotransmitter mimicked by opiate drugs is endorphin.

Question 70

The cerebellum is the part of the brain that controls balance.

Question 71

Suicidal behaviour in depressed individuals has been linked to excessive serotonin activity.

Question 72

The autonomic nervous system is composed of the sympathetic branch and the peripheral branch.

Question 73

Describe the removal of neurotransmitters from the synapse.

Question 74

The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord.