Deck 7: Nicotine

Question 1

How many of the 60 species of the genus Nicotiana can be used for human consumption?

A)2 species
B)7 species
C)15 species
D)28 species

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Canadian tobacco sales in 2006 equaled the equivalent of how many cigarettes?

A)10.6 million cigarettes
B)32.6 million cigarettes
C)10.6 billion cigarettes
D)32.6 billion cigarettes

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Your child will be in Grade 6 next year and you begin to wonder if he or she might experiment or even begin to smoke cigarettes.According to the 2008-2009 Youth Smoking Survey,which statistic would most accurately provide some insight into your question?

A)For youth in Grades 6-9,the average age at which youth first smoked a whole cigarette was 13.
B)For youth in Grades 6-9,the average age at which youth first smoked a whole cigarette was 14.
C)Three percent of Canadian youth in Grades 6-9 are smokers.
D)Ten percent of Canadian youth in Grades 6-9 are smokers.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

In the early years after the Europeans were first introduced to tobacco use,which country held a monopoly on the world market?

A)England
B)France
C)Portugal
D)Spain

Question 5

Which personality characteristic did cigarette smokers score higher in,according to brain imaging (e.g. ,PET scans)?

A)perfectionism
B)depression
C)aggression
D)pessimism

Question 6

Martha is from Europe and she tells her Canadian friends that she enjoys her snuff when it is available.How is snuff used?

A)by chewing
B)by dipping
C)by smoking
D)by sniffing

Question 7

Which early monarch denounced the practice of tobacco smoking?

A)King James I of England
B)Queen Isabella of Spain
C)King Philip II of Spain
D)King Ferdinand of Spain

Question 8

You are a murder mystery writer,and your latest victim will be killed by nicotine poisoning.What quantity will your perpetrator need to use?

A)30 milligrams
B)60 milligrams
C)1 gram
D)10 grams

Question 9

From what plant is the tobacco that is consumed today?

A)nicotiana rustica
B)nicotiana papyra
C)nicotiana tabacum
D)nicotiana tobacicia

Question 10

Who was nicotine named after?

A)the explorer who discovered tobacco in North America
B)the French ambassador to Portugal
C)the man who invented the cigarette
D)the scientist who first isolated nicotine

Question 11

For how many years was tobacco thought to have a medical value?

A)about 150
B)about 200
C)about 350
D)about 500

Question 12

Jason enjoys smoking.Which substance causes Jason pleasure?

A)tar
B)nicotine
C)caffeine
D)carbon monoxide

Question 13

What year did Canada record the highest use of cigarettes by Canadian adults?

A)1946
B)1956
C)1966
D)1976

Question 14

Which profile accurately describes Canadian youths' experience with smoking cigarettes?

A)Daily smokers in Grades 6-9 smoked 3.9 cigarettes on average per day.
B)Daily smokers in Grades 6-9 smoked 7.9 cigarettes on average per day.
C)Daily smokers in Grades 6-9 smoked 10.9 cigarettes on average per day.
D)Daily smokers in Grades 6-9 smoked 12.0 cigarettes on average per day.

Question 15

What did Posselt and Reimann do,discrediting the notion that tobacco was a therapeutic substance?

A)they isolated nicotine
B)they died from tobacco treatment
C)they were cited for malpractice
D)they published The Evil Weed

Question 16

Where is Nicotiana tabacum indigenous to?

A)the United States
B)Spain
C)Africa
D)South America

Question 17

Which of the following is a current Canadian trend in smoking?

A)resurgence in male college and university students who choose to smoke cigars
B)resurgence in both male and female college and university students who choose to smoke cigars
C)resurgence in male college and university students who choose to use a hookah
D)resurgence in both male and female college and university students who choose to use a hookah

Question 18

Which statement best describes the trend in cigarette smoking habits of Canadians over the age of 15?

A)From 1999 to 2009 there has been a slight increase in the number of Canadians who smoke.
B)From 1999 to 2009 there has been an overall decrease in the number of Canadians who smoke.
C)From 1999 to 2009 there has been an overall decrease in the number of female Canadians who smoke,but an increase in the number of men who smoke.
D)From 1999 to 2009 there has been an overall increase in the number of female Canadians who smoke,but a decrease in the number of men who smoke.

Question 19

Despite all the known health consequences of smoking,you love your cigarettes and are lucky because you live in the golden decades of cigarettes.Which set of decades might you be living in?

A)1890s-1920s
B)1920s-1950s
C)1950s-1970s
D)1970s-1990s

Question 20

Which country had at one time punished smoking by slitting a person's nostrils?

A)Turkey
B)Russia
C)China
D)Peru

Question 21

How long is the distribution half-life of nicotine?

A)1-10 minutes
B)10-20 minutes
C)25-50 minutes
D)1-2 hours

Question 22

What effect does nicotine have?

A)tranquilizing
B)stimulating
C)motivating
D)mind altering

Question 23

In which of the following is nicotine primarily eliminated from the body?

A)exhaled smoke
B)feces
C)urine
D)sweat

Question 24

Thomas is a smoker.He just finished his last cigarette about six hours ago.What symptom is Thomas most likely to experience?

A)stomach cramps
B)increased blood pressure
C)decreased heart rate
D)increased ability to concentrate

Question 25

Which substance facilitates many disease processes associated with smoking because of its advantage over oxygen in binding to hemoglobin?

A)carbon monoxide
B)tar
C)nicotine
D)carbon dioxide

Question 26

What would you do to get the most efficient dose of nicotine?

A)smoke cigarettes
B)smoke a pipe
C)use snuff intranasally
D)use chewing tobacco

Question 27

About how many Canadian deaths are attributed to cigarettes each year?

A)15 000
B)45 000
C)95 000
D)150 000

Question 28

What is observed in people who switch to low tar and nicotine brand cigarettes?

A)they actually generate more secondhand smoke
B)they can avoid most of the health problems of cigarettes
C)they still have some risk,but it is much lower than with regular cigarettes
D)they typically take more and deeper puffs and probably get no benefit

Question 29

Which element in smoke contains most of the cancer-causing substances?

A)carbon monoxide
B)tar
C)nicotine
D)carbon dioxide

Question 30

In which disease are the lung's air spaces abnormally diluted and the lungs' walls distended?

A)glaucoma
B)bronchitis
C)lung cancer
D)emphysema

Question 31

What is a "hookah"?

A)hollowed-out cigar filled with marijuana and nicotine
B)new type of smokeless tobacco
C)water pipe
D)tobacco substitute used in treatment

Question 32

Which major organ(s)is(are)responsible for metabolizing nicotine?

A)liver
B)kidneys
C)lungs
D)pancreas

Question 33

Which initiative best realized Canada's commitment to reduce the world's health care burdens by helping people either stop smoking or not start?

A)The legislation of cigarette packages to display gruesome pictures of possible long-term consequences.
B)The enactment of stiffer penalties for those who sell cigarettes/cigars to those under the age of 16.
C)The criminal charging of Canadians for medical intervention associated with smoking.
D)Awarding monetary payments to patients who could prove they stopped smoking while under a physician's care.

Question 34

Which neurotransmitter does nicotine produce a similar effect to?

A)dopamine
B)serotonin
C)acetylcholine
D)norepinephrine

Question 35

When do the first signs of nicotine tolerance develop?

A)when smoking first begins
B)after one week of smoking regularly
C)after one month of smoking regularly
D)within a year,when behavioural adjustments appear

Question 36

When did the U.S.Surgeon General and the Royal Society of Canada officially determine that physical dependence to nicotine develops?

A)late 1950s
B)late 1960s
C)late 1970s
D)late 1980s

Question 37

You want to ensure that your high level of nicotine is maintained as long as possible.How will you take your tobacco?

A)using snuff
B)using a hookah
C)smoking a cigarette
D)smoking a cigarillo

Question 38

If you were a smoker,what significant change would you have noticed when you purchased your cigarettes in 2000?

A)cautionary statistics regarding smoking-related diseases
B)cautionary statistics regarding secondary smoke effects
C)gruesome pictures on the package
D)legal penalties for purchasing cigarettes for minors

Question 39

You're a smoker,and you state you feel more relaxed after a cigarette.Why does this occur?

A)there is an intense placebo effect
B)muscle tone has been reduced
C)blood pressure and heart rate have gone up
D)gastrointestinal activity has been inhibited

Question 40

If you were a two-pack a day smoker,how many nicotine reinforcements would you need each day before experiencing withdrawal symptoms?

A)150
B)200
C)250
D)300

Question 41

Shannon considers herself to be extrinsically motivated.If this is true,what is the best motivator to help Shannon quit smoking?

A)Her husband points out that there are many programs to help her quit.
B)Her children inform her often that she smells because she smokes.
C)Her friends tell her she has a greater chance of getting lung cancer than the rest of the population.
D)Her parents tell her she can overcome this habit.

Question 42

What was the Canadian public's response to the dangerous consequences of secondhand smoking?

A)Victoria,British Columbia became the first city to ban smoking in all indoor workplaces in 1999.
B)Toronto,Ontario became the first city to ban smoking in all indoor workplaces in 2000.
C)The Canadian federal Government was the first to ban smoking in all federal indoor workplaces in 1999.
D)The province of British Columbia became the first province to ban smoking in all indoor workplaces in 2000.

Question 43

Biopsychological research data has suggested that individuals who score higher on the personality characteristics of hostility and aggression are less stimulated by a dose of nicotine than are individuals who score lower on these characteristics.

Question 44

Mary just celebrated her 38th birthday and quit smoking last year after having smoked since she was 18 years old.Which health issue could Mary face?

A)early menopause
B)uterine cancer
C)ovarian cancer
D)esophageal cancer

Question 45

In the late 15th century,Columbus introduced tobacco to the Indians.

Question 46

Professor James tells his students he never smoked,but he was a bartender for seven years during the 1970s and 1980s while he attended university.What percentage represents the risk of lung cancer for Professor James?

A)20 percent
B)30 percent
C)40 percent
D)50 percent

Question 47

Louise is at a bar filled with smokers.As a non-smoker,she is concerned about the secondhand smoke she is inhaling.Which type of secondhand smoke should she be most worried about?

A)mainstream smoke
B)sidestream smoke
C)yellow smoke
D)clear smoke

Question 48

At higher doses,nicotine's effects tend to be more depressant than stimulatory.

Question 49

The major way that nicotine is excreted from the body is through sweat.

Question 50

Snuff is a pure powder and not mixed with other ingredients.

Question 51

Which statement describes the accomplishments of Heather Crowe?

A)She was the Supreme Court Justice who passed into law the right for the province of Ontario to ban smoking in all indoor workplaces.
B)She was the parent who fought the courts to have gruesome images added to cigarette packages to discourage children from smoking.
C)She was the waitress who became the face of a victim of secondhand smoke when she died of lung cancer,despite the fact she had never smoked a day in her life.
D)She was the Canadian physician who did ground-breaking research which provided data linking the connection between cervical cancer and smoking.

Question 52

Russian fur traders introduced tobacco to the Inuit.

Question 53

Which country is the largest cigarette producer in the world?

A)the United States
B)China
C)France
D)Brazil

Question 54

Jordan considers himself intrinsically motivated.If this is true,what is the best motivator to help Jordan quit smoking?

A)Give him research on the health consequences of smoking,including cancer.
B)Tell him his boss will stop leaving cessation program pamphlets on his desk.
C)Remind him that his wife will stop constantly asking him to smoke outside.
D)Inform him that cigarettes will be taxed 10% higher next month.

Question 55

Which term describes secondhand smoke?

A)vicarious smoke
B)passive smoke
C)explicit smoke
D)incur smoke

Question 56

Chewing tobacco is sometimes packaged in the shape of rectangle called a plug.

Question 57

Canada has 10 major cigarette companies.

Question 58

If Sam wants to quit smoking and someone suggests he participate in a cessation program,what do statistics tell us are his chances compared to what they would be if he "tried it alone"?

A)8 percent better
B)12 percent better
C)21 percent better
D)29 percent better

Question 59

Nicotine can only be absorbed through the nasal mucosa of the human body,but it is done at an alarmingly quick pace.

Question 60

Health Canada uses the Canadian Tobacco Use Monitoring Survey (CTUMS)to collect statistics regarding tobacco use of Canadians aged 15 and older.

Question 61

Smokers are two to four times more likely to develop coronary heart disease.

Question 62

Smokers tend to weigh more than nonsmokers.

Question 63

Describe Heather Crowe's story and the impact her life had on Canadian society.

Question 64

Briefly describe the processes of absorption,distribution,metabolism and excretion of nicotine.What factors affect these processes? What organs or systems are involved?

Question 65

The Non-Smokers' Health Act bans smoking in federal workplaces.

Question 66

The reasons adults have when they want to quit smoking may be categorized broadly as "intrinsic motivation" and "extrinsic motivation."

Question 67

Research has demonstrated that the tar and nicotine contained in today's cigarette has declined considerably.

Question 68

The "Canadian Intense Method" is a smoking cessation program targeted for high school students who smoke.

Question 69

Mark Twain is credited as saying "Quitting smoking is easy;I've done it many times."

Question 70

In Canada,smoking contributes to more than 45 000 deaths a year.

Question 71

Describe some of the concrete expectations outlined in Canadian legislation regarding the marketing and selling of cigarettes.

Question 72

Describe the processes of tolerance to and dependence on nicotine.What is the time frame of tolerance to nicotine? What are the symptoms of dependence?

Question 73

Heather Crowe became the first worker to win full compensation from the Ontario Workplace Safety and Insurance Board for lung cancer contracted by 40 years of exposure to secondhand smoke in a factory where people smoked daily.

Question 74

What are the health problems associated with tobacco use? What constituents of tobacco cause these problems?