Deck 5: Nutrition

Question 1

Which of the following has the most calories per gram?

A) Carbohydrates
B) Protein
C) Minerals
D) Alcohol

Answer 1

Alcohol

Question 2

Lipids have all of the following characteristics except

A) they are not soluble in water.
B) they have fewer calories per gram than carbohydrates or proteins.
C) they help the body absorb fat-soluble vitamins.
D) they help to cushion and insulate organs.

Answer 2

they have fewer calories per gram than carbohydrates or proteins.

Question 3

Fats should constitute ________% of daily caloric intake.

A) 10-20
B) 15-17
C) 20-35
D) 40-55

Answer 3

20-35

Question 4

Which of the following supplies the most energy?

A) A food that contains 10g of fat, 3g of protein, and 10g of carbohydrate
B) A food that contains 10g of carbohydrate, 10g of protein, and 3g of fat
C) A multivitamin with 600mg of calcium and B-complex
D) A 120-calorie protein drink

Question 5

All of the following statements regarding vitamin supplementation are true except

A) excessive consumption of vitamin supplements can be toxic.
B) women of child-bearing age should consume 400mcg of folic acid daily.
C) everyone should take vitamin supplements.
D) individuals should consult with their physician before taking dietary supplements.

Question 6

Saturated fats have all the following characteristics except

A) they have a long shelf life.
B) they are stable.
C) there are associated with a decreased risk of heart disease.
D) they are solid at room temperature.

Question 7

Which of the following is a healthy source complex carbohydrates?

A) White rice
B) Oat grain bread
C) Refined pasta
D) Grilled chicken

Question 8

Which of the following, consumed in excess, is/are stored as fat in the body?

A) Fiber
B) Protein
C) Water
D) Alcohol sugars

Question 9

David wants to eliminate trans fats from his diet. Which of the following is the best way for him to avoid trans fats in the foods he consumes?

A) Purchasing foods labeled "0 trans fats per serving."
B) Purchasing stick margarine instead of vegetable oil.
C) Consuming only reduced fat snack foods.
D) Avoiding any food listing "hydrogenated" or "partially hydrogenated oils" in the ingredients.

Question 10

Which of the following is not a fat-soluble vitamin?

A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin D
C) Vitamin C
D) Vitamin E

Question 11

Which of the following are classified as major minerals?

A) Iodine
B) Sulphur
C) Zinc
D) Fluoride

Question 12

Why are unrefined grains a better choice for carbohydrates than refined grains?

A) They have fewer calories per serving.
B) They are lower in fat.
C) They have more fiber and nutrients.
D) They are less filling.

Question 13

Diets lacking nutrients cause all of the following except

A) a decreased sense of well being.
B) an increased energy level.
C) an increased risk for chronic diseases such as heart disease and diabetes.
D) an increased risk for obesity.

Question 14

Liz wants to increase her consumption of monounsaturated fats. Which of the following oils should she use?

A) Olive oil
B) Soybean oil
C) Corn oil
D) Palm oil

Question 15

What percentage of daily calories should come from carbohydrates?

A) 20-40
B) 60-70
C) 45-65
D) 12-15

Question 16

All of the following are classified as macronutrients except

A) carbohydrates.
B) fats.
C) calories.
D) water.

Question 17

Chris is trying to reduce his fat intake. Which of the following changes should he make?

A) Replace sodas with natural juices.
B) Use cream cheese instead of butter as a breakfast spread.
C) Take a fat burning supplement after high-fat meals.
D) Bake or broil meat instead of frying.

Question 18

The amount of a nutrient that meets the needs of 98% of all healthy people of similar age and gender is the on a high protein, low carbohydrate diet. Which of the following is a

A) RDA.
B) UL.
C) EAR.
D) AI.

Question 19

Which lipid is a key component in cell membranes?

A) Omega-6 fatty acid
B) Triglyceride
C) Phospholipid
D) DHA

Question 20

Which of the following is high in empty calories?

A) Fruit smoothies
B) Beans and rice
C) Pepperoni pizza
D) Peanut butter sandwich

Question 21

Which of the following ingredients is most likely to help reduce Alzheimer's dementia?

A) A phytochemical
B) A probiotic
C) An organosulfur
D) An antioxidant

Question 22

The two most important dietary considerations for athletes are

A) meeting energy needs and consuming fluids.
B) consuming at least two grams of protein per kg of body weight and doubling caloric intake.
C) supplementing the diet with protein shakes and taking vitamin supplements.
D) eating several small meals daily and consuming electrolyte replacement drinks.

Question 23

Fiber has many dietary benefits including

A) reducing constipation.
B) lowering high blood pressure.
C) raising blood glucose levels.
D) providing a ready source of energy.

Question 24

Which of the following foods is least likely to cause an allergic reaction?

A) Milk
B) Soy
C) Corn
D) Nuts

Question 25

Which of the following nutrients may be low in a vegan diet?

A) Vitamin C
B) Sodium
C) Folic Acid
D) Vitamin B₁₂

Question 26

If Eric eats anything that contains peanuts, he has difficulty breathing. Which of the following conditions does he have?

A) A food intolerance
B) A nut allergy
C) A foodborne illness
D) A food additive allergy

Question 27

Which of the following are equivalent to a one ounce serving of a grains?

A) One cup of oatmeal
B) One half cup of brown rice
C) One hamburger bun
D) One cup of brown rice

Question 28

DRI recommendations are designed to help consumers

A) identify dangerous ingredients.
B) transition to vegetarian diets.
C) choose supplements wisely.
D) protect against nutritional deficiencies.

Question 29

All of the following are true regarding phytochemicals except the statement that they

A) are naturally occurring chemicals in plants.
B) have health effects.
C) are essential nutrients.
D) are found in legumes, nuts, seeds, and grains.

Question 30

Jim eats a slice of cantaloupe or watermelon every morning. These fruits are good sources of which type of phytochemical?

A) Organosulfur compounds
B) Flavonoids
C) Carotenoids
D) Soy compounds

Question 31

Consuming foods rich in natural probiotics, such as yogurt, can improve

A) immunity.
B) vision.
C) bone health.
D) cardiovascular health.

Question 32

All the following information is required to be listed on a food label except

A) calories per serving.
B) total fat per serving.
C) percentage of vitamins, antioxidants, phytochemicals, and minerals per serving.
D) added sugars.

Question 33

Leah is pregnant. What actions can she take to reduce her risk of foodborne illness?

A) Maintain a single cooking surface for preparing all meals.
B) Cook meats to 120 degrees (or "rare").
C) Eat only organic fruits and vegetables.
D) Avoid raw milk and seafood.

Question 34

Water consumption

A) prevents digestion of fats during a meal.
B) assists in very few daily function.
C) will help maintain hormone levels in the blood stream.
D) helps regulate body temperature.

Question 35

The serving size listed on a food label is based on

A) the amount a 150lb adult should consume.
B) the recommended serving size for the food item.
C) a standard measuring cup.
D) the average of an adult portion and a child portion.

Question 36

The USDA's MyPlate recommends which of the following?

A) Make half your grains whole.
B) Consume only low fat dairy.
C) Eat fewer processed vegetables.
D) Drink more fruit juice.

Question 37

Which of the following help to improve bone density?

A) Dietary iron
B) Taking a mega dose of Calcium
C) Regular cardiovascular training including swimming and cycling
D) Consumption of foods naturally high in Vit. D, including salmon and milk

Question 38

Destiny does not eat any red meat, poultry, or fish. However, she does consume dairy products and eggs. What type of vegetarian is she?

A) Vegan
B) Lacto
C) Lacto Ovo
D) Semi

Question 39

Which of the following dietary changes could Peter, from the Student Story, make to lower his risk of becoming a diabetic without radically altering his lifestyle?

A) Become a vegan vegetarian.
B) Purchase only organically grown produce.
C) Switch from processed grains to whole grains.
D) Reduce his caloric intake by 50%.

Question 40

Lactose intolerance is best described as a(n)

A) immune response to milk.
B) condition that occurs immediately after consuming milk.
C) inability to digest milk sugar.
D) food allergy.

Question 41

Fruit is classified as a complex carbohydrate.

Question 42

A ________ diet does not contain any red meat or poultry but will include fish.

A) vegan
B) semivegetarian
C) pesco-vegetarian
D) lacto-ovo-vegetarian

Question 43

Essential proteins are nutrients produced by the body.

Question 44

Madeline used www.choosemyplate.gov to analyze her diet for a week. What is her next step in creating a personalized nutritional plan?

A) Identify her dietary drawbacks
B) Start an exercise program
C) Plan her diet for the following week
D) Identify potential obstacles

Question 45

Whole grains are classified as starches, and processed grains are classified as sugars.

Question 46

As the body breaks foods down, it distinguishes between foods naturally containing sugars and foods containing added sugars.

Question 47

Omega six fatty acids are found in fish and flaxseed oil.

Question 48

Vitamin ________ regulates blood calcium levels and maintains bone health.

A) D
B) C
C) K
D) E

Question 49

Foods with a high glycemic index include

A) legumes.
B) whole grain bread.
C) apples.
D) pastries.

Question 50

Genetically modifying foods can result in

A) plants that are more resistant to pests.
B) meat that is lower in fat.
C) plants that better tolerate heat and poor soil.
D) All of the answers are correct.

Question 51

Osteoporosis can be the result of an inadequate intake of ________ and vitamin ________.

A) calcium; D
B) magnesium; E
C) zinc; C
D) potassium; K

Question 52

Coffee, tea, and hot cocoa all provide ________ which can interfere with sleep.

A) flavonoids
B) prebiotics
C) caffeine
D) organosulfur compounds

Question 53

Miguel is on a budget, but he is concerned about pesticide residue and wants to buy more organic produce. Which of the following foods should he purchase from the organic section based on pesticide absorption?

A) Corn
B) Onions
C) Peas
D) Apples

Question 54

Brain cells can only use carbohydrates for energy.

Question 55

Which of the following ergogenic aids has been scientifically shown to benefit athletes?

A) Carnitine
B) Ribose
C) Chromium
D) None of these choices have been clinically proven beneficial

Question 56

The primary difference between white and whole grain bread is

A) whole grain bread is higher in sugar.
B) white bread is lower in dietary fiber.
C) whole grain breads have a higher glycemic index.
D) whole grain breads are processed by the body faster.

Question 57

Eating a diet high in complex carbohydrates reduces your risk of

A) type 1 diabetes.
B) osteoporosis.
C) rickets.
D) type 2 diabetes.

Question 58

Enriched grains are equally as nutritious as whole grains.

Question 59

Antioxidant nutrients include

A) vitamins D, E and K.
B) vitamins C, E and beta carotene.
C) omega-3 fatty acids.
D) pantothenic acid and thiamin.

Question 60

Which food contains complete protein?

A) Peanut butter
B) Rice
C) Quinoa
D) Whole grain bread

Question 61

If athletes consume two to three times the recommended amount of protein, they will accelerate muscle growth and decrease body fat.

Question 62

The best way to decrease sodium intake is to avoid using salt at the dinner table.

Question 63

Compare and contrast the structure and function of vitamins and minerals.

Question 64

The MyPlate online feature provides an individualized nutritional plan for male and female children and adults.

Question 65

Excessive consumption of vitamin supplements can be toxic.

Question 66

Sun exposure is necessary for the body to produce vitamin D.

Question 67

Whole grains, fresh fruits, and vegetables are considered "good" carbohydrates to consume.

Question 68

Fruits and vegetables are a source of water in the diet.

Question 69

Antioxidants work by neutralizing free radicals that can harm cells.

Question 70

The "percent daily values" on a food label give estimates of how much a serving of the food contributes to the daily intake of the listed nutrients.

Question 71

Foods high in fat-soluble vitamins need to be consumed more frequently than foods high in water-soluble vitamins.

Question 72

Probiotics are substances that should be avoided because they accelerate the growth of bacterial infections.

Question 73

Few people in the United States suffer from protein deficiencies.

Question 74

Minerals are manufactured by the body.

Question 75

Phytochemicals are one of the six major nutrients.

Question 76

Although trans fats are unhealthy to consume, they are a better option than saturated fats.

Question 77

Daily physical activity should be built into a nutritional plan.

Question 78

List five suggestions from the Dietary Guidelines for Americans for a better dietary intake.

Question 79

Explain some steps that you can do to minimize your risk for consuming contaminated foods.

Question 80

Jennifer wants to consume more fiber. List four foods that are naturally high in fiber. How will regular consumption of fiber help her digestive health?