Deck 16: Reentry Into the Community

Question 1

All halfway houses are operated by state administrative agencies.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

A parolee can be prevented from working as a bartender by a parole officer.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Increasing restrictions on parolees also affects their families and communities.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Media coverage of parole and parolees tends to be sympathetic and understanding.

Question 5

Discretionary release affects other aspects of the system,including sentencing,plea bargaining,and the size of prison populations.

Question 6

Most people believe that parolees who fail a drug test should be sent back to prison.

Question 7

In Japan,the justice system focuses solely on the offender and not on the community.

Question 8

Parole officers have the power to enforce conditions of release.

Question 9

Currently,discretionary release is used more often than mandatory release.

Question 10

Most parole officers have little difficulty in monitoring the behavior of parolees.

Question 11

An inmate who has "maxed out" cannot be held any longer,regardless of how the parole board feels about the inmate.

Question 12

Even if a parolee has committed a technical violation,revoking his or her parole requires a hearing.

Question 13

Most offenders released on parole begin to adjust quickly to the outside world.

Question 14

Discretionary release is sometimes criticized for following judicial recommendations too closely.

Question 15

In the past two decades,the percentage of drug offenders in the prison population has decreased.

Question 16

In-custody visitation allows inmates to leave prison temporarily to visit family.

Question 17

Some states allow victims to make statements at parole board hearings.

Question 18

Over the last few decades,release on parole has become much easier for inmates to obtain.

Question 19

In some cases,individuals on the sex offender registry have committed very low-level offenses.

Question 20

Community members do not have any responsibility for ex-offenders released into their neighborhoods.

Question 21

Halfway houses are usually administered as part of a furlough system.

Question 22

Parole decisions can be made arbitrarily,depending on the whims of the parole board.

Question 23

A pardon will not erase the criminal record of an offender.

Question 24

All states must assist reentry though the creation of reentry institutions.

Question 25

Mandatory release dates can be affected by good time.

Question 26

Tickets of leave were the forerunner of the modern-day parole system.

Question 27

There is always the potential for revocation of parole.

Question 28

A pardon is an action of the executive branch of the state or federal government that absolves an offender of the consequences of a crime.

Question 29

In the early parole system in the United States,prisoners were released on parole when

A)their sentences expired.
B)the prisons became full.
C)the victims consented to their release.
D)their conduct showed they were ready to return.

Question 30

Which is the most commonly used method of release into the community?

A)Discretionary release
B)Judicial release
C)Mandatory release
D)Expiration release

Question 31

Which is not a concept upon which parole is based?

A)Grace
B)Rehabilitation
C)Contract
D)Custody

Question 32

Which actor/entity typically determines discretionary release of state prisoners?

A)State prison release commissioner
B)Parole board
C)State supreme court
D)Prison warden

Question 33

The Second Chance Act,signed into law by George W.Bush,authorizes states to punish parole offenders more harshly.

Question 34

Which is not a function of the parole officer as social worker?

A)Help the parolee find a job and restore family ties
B)Channel parolees to social agencies where they can obtain help
C)Lead prayer meetings and church socials
D)Develop a relationship with the parolee

Question 35

Which is true about parole boards?

A)Parole boards have become hesitant to grant parole for fear of being perceived as soft on crime.
B)Parole boards are always comprised of corrections experts.
C)Parole boards can predict accurately the future behavior of an offender.
D)Parole boards are always independent from the department of corrections.

Question 36

Pardons are sometimes given to remedy a miscarriage of justice.

Question 37

The concept of parole originated with

A)a British penal colony in the South Pacific.
B)the ticket-of-leave system in Scotland.
C)the French parole system in Algiers.
D)the Australian parole system.

Question 38

Some inmates are allowed to visit their families before their time is served through a

A)mandatory release.
B)discretionary release.
C)furlough.
D)probation release.

Question 39

Civil disabilities imposed on ex-felons can hinder their complete reintegration into society.

Question 40

Civil disabilities imposed on ex-felons can include loss of the right to vote and the right to hold public office.

Question 41

Which of the following is not an example of an "invisible punishment" an offender might face after release from incarceration?

A)Threats or assault by neighbors
B)Difficulty finding a place to live
C)Revocation of parole
D)Reentry court

Question 42

The construction of a halfway house would generally be

A)welcomed in an urban community.
B)welcomed in a suburban community.
C)welcomed in a rural community.
D)unwelcome in any community.

Question 43

In most states,who is permitted to attend a parole hearing?

A)Board members only
B)The inmate only
C)Correctional officers only
D)Board members,the inmate,and correctional officers

Question 44

Up to 90% of released offenders do not participate in transitional programs because most

A)do not want to use them.
B)cannot access them.
C)receive the same instruction while in prison.
D)do not need them.

Question 45

An action of the executive branch of the state or federal government excusing an offense and absolving the offender is called a(n)

A)mandatory release.
B)furlough.
C)pardon.
D)exoneration.

Question 46

Who grants pardons in the United States?

A)Congress and state legislatures
B)Presidents and state governors
C)U.S.Supreme Court and state supreme courts
D)U.S.attorney general and state attorney generals

Question 47

When inmates are released from correctional institutions during the day to work or attend school,this is called ______ release.

A)mandatory
B)discretionary
C)unconditional
D)work and educational

Question 48

________ courts have been suggested as a method of assessing ex-inmates' adjustment to society after release.

A)Recidivism
B)Parole
C)Reentry
D)Release

Question 49

Which is not an example of a civil disability that can be placed on an ex-felon?

A)Restrictions in terms of employment
B)Denial of the right to vote
C)Denial of the right to hold public office
D)Forfeiture of all constitutional rights

Question 50

An expiration release means that the inmate

A)has died.
B)has served his or her full sentence.
C)has been granted a furlough.
D)is terminally ill.

Question 51

The laws and rules that must be followed by parolees are called

A)parole conditions.
B)the sentencing contract.
C)constitutional restrictions.
D)conditions of release.

Question 52

Which is another,more politically sensitive term used for "other conditional release?"

A)Mandatory parole
B)Mandatory release
C)Discretionary release
D)Discretionary parole

Question 53

According to a 2011 report by the Pew Center on the States,what percentage of offenders are reimprisoned within three years of their release?

A)20%
B)30%
C)40%
D)50%

Question 54

Parolees who behave according to their conditions of release may be adjusted to _________ surveillance.

A)rescinded
B)reattributed
C)readjusted
D)restorative

Question 55

When an inmate is released after serving time equal to the total sentence minus good time,this is called _____ release.

A)mandatory
B)discretionary
C)unconditional
D)community

Question 56

Which type of release involves the parole board making decisions?

A)Mandatory release
B)Discretionary release
C)Unconditional release
D)Community release

Question 57

After being released from prison,which group has the highest rate of unemployment in the United States?

A)Caucasian males under the age of 30
B)Hispanic males under the age of 30
C)African American males under the age of 30
D)African American males aged 30 or over

Question 58

According to Travis and Petersilia,which is not a factor that contributes to the reentry problem?

A)Reduced powers of parole boards
B)Increased drug use by inmates in prison
C)Diminished opportunities for inmates to complete rehabilitation programs
D)Longer periods of incarceration for offenders

Question 59

What are the two roles played by parole officers?

A)Cop and minister
B)Warden and cop
C)Cop and social worker
D)Warden and therapist

Question 60

Which is a valid explanation for the high recidivism rate?

A)The advanced age of most released offenders makes them more likely to commit crimes.
B)The low intelligence of most released offenders makes them more likely to commit crimes.
C)Most released offenders have a biological propensity to commit crimes.
D)The lack of education and training of most released offenders makes them more likely to commit crimes.

Question 61

Miranda has been a parole officer for more than twelve years.As a parole officer,Miranda engages in all of the following except

A)helping clients find a job and restore family ties.
B)channeling clients to social agencies where they can obtain help.
C)helping clients locate their old acquaintances.
D)developing relationships with clients.

Question 62

_______ became known as the "royal prerogative of mercy" in England.

A)Pardon
B)Expungement
C)Clemency
D)Forgiveness

Question 63

A system of conditional release from prison,devised by Captain Alexander Maconochie and first developed in Ireland by Sir Walter Crofton,was known as

A)probation.
B)home confinement.
C)ticket of leave.
D)reformatory.

Question 64

The parole board has decided to release Beth after eight years of incarceration.She is to obtain gainful employment,submit to weekly drug testing,and notify her parole officer if she is planning to leave the state for any amount of time.These are the conditions of her

A)mandatory release.
B)sentence.
C)expiration release.
D)discretionary release.

Question 65

The U.S.Supreme Court ruled in _____ that if a parole officer alleges that a technical violation occurred,a two-step revocation proceeding is required.

A)Brown v.Plata (2011)
B)Morrissey v.Brewer (1972)
C)Miranda v.Arizona (1966)
D)Mapp v.Ohio (1961)

Question 66

Grant was recently released from a state prison after serving out his full sentence for drug-related crimes.Like many ex-felons,Grant has promised himself that he will not go back to prison.However,based on nationwide statistics,what is the likelihood that Grant will be back in prison within three years?

A)20%
B)30%
C)40%
D)50%

Question 67

The parole board has decided to release Beth after eight years of incarceration.After leaving prison,Beth will be required to spend a month in a transitional facility before returning to her family.The facility is twenty miles from her hometown and is the only transitional facility in her county.The transitional facility that Beth will live in is likely a

A)jail.
B)halfway house.
C)reformatory.
D)furlough.

Question 68

Civil disabilities might include the inability to do all of the following except:

A)vote.
B)have access to the public library.
C)enter certain professions.
D)live in certain area,such as close to schools.

Question 69

_______ may be the most notable civil disability of ex-prisoners.

A)Inability to work
B)Withholding of medical care
C)Income tax revocation
D)Inability to vote

Question 70

Grant was recently released from a state prison after serving out his full sentence for drug-related crimes.The mechanism of Grant's release is referred to as

A)expiration release.
B)timely release.
C)probationary release.
D)discretionary release.

Question 71

Miranda has been a parole officer for more than twelve years.When she first started,she saw herself as a caretaker.She worked closely with each of her clients and genuinely believed she could help many of them become functioning members of society.But time has made Miranda jaded.Many of her clients are repeat offenders.Although she still wants to help them,she finds herself using discipline more often and becoming increasingly authoritarian.Miranda's current attitude is more closely aligned with the role of parole officer as

A)victim.
B)cop.
C)social worker.
D)boss.

Question 72

Grant was recently released from a state prison after serving out his full sentence for drug-related crimes.In prison,Grant studied civics and is disappointed that he will not be able to vote in the upcoming school board election in his town,where he also is struggling to get a job.Grant's inability to vote in the election is an example of a

A)criminal disability.
B)civil disability.
C)due process right.
D)citizenship disability.

Question 73

One way that some offenders avoid the consequences of civil disabilities is through _______,a process through which an individual's criminal records are erased from public record.

A)pardon
B)clemency
C)forgiveness
D)expungement

Question 74

State _________ are typically composed of citizens who are appointed for fixed terms in office by the governor.

A)reentry boards
B)community boards
C)parole boards
D)probation boards

Question 75

The parole board has decided to release Beth after eight years of incarceration.After leaving prison,Beth will be required to spend a month in a transitional facility before returning to her family.The facility is twenty miles from her hometown and is the only transitional facility in her county.The lack of such facilities nearer to her hometown likely reflects an attitude of ________ in her county.

A)NIMBY
B)NIMFY
C)MINFB
D)BIMVY

Question 76

The parole board has decided to release Beth after eight years of incarceration.This is an example of _________ release.

A)discretionary
B)mandatory
C)conditional
D)expiration

Question 77

Which is not one of the three concepts on which parole rests?

A)Grace
B)Contract
C)Custody
D)Punishment

Question 78

Miranda has been a parole officer for more than twelve years.When she first started,she saw herself as a caretaker.She worked closely with each of her clients and genuinely believed she could help many of them become functioning members of society.At the time,she embraced the role of parole officer as

A)social worker.
B)cop.
C)teacher.
D)preacher.

Question 79

Grant was recently released from a state prison after serving out his full sentence for drug-related crimes.Like many ex-felons,Grant has promised himself that he will not go back to prison and will try to do everything he can to reintegrate back into the community.Prior to his release,Grant participated in a _____________ that he hopes will now ease his transition back into society.

A)state prison release home
B)parole board release program
C)juvenile detention facility
D)reentry preparation program

Question 80

If the parole board had decided not to release Beth,she likely would have stayed in prison for the duration of her ten-year sentence.At the end of her sentence,she would have received a _________ release.

A)discretionary
B)mandatory
C)conditional
D)probation