Deck 7: Policing: Contemporary Issues and Challenges

Question 1

Police have not developed a new law enforcement weapon in over 50 years.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Deadly force was used in the Edward Garner case.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The job of controlling police misbehavior is often left to the internal control of the police department.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The techniques used to control police are adequate to prevent misconduct from occurring again.

Question 5

New technology in policing is sometimes not reliable.

Question 6

American citizens have always had the right to sue police departments for misconduct.

Question 7

Looking only at victim statistics,police kill more young African American men than young Caucasian men.

Question 8

Police have broad discretion in the use of deadly force.

Question 9

Internal affairs units maintain a formal process for citizens to file complaints.

Question 10

Citizens generally have no problems with their civil liberties being limited if it can help fight terrorism.

Question 11

Less-lethal weapons may cause officers to act too quickly when an incident could have been handled without force.

Question 12

Many citizens perceive that a significant amount of police misconduct may be hidden from public view.

Question 13

Even local law enforcement must be trained in homeland security.

Question 14

All 50 states are members of MATRIX,the Multistate Anti-Terrorism Information Exchange.

Question 15

Polygraph tests are admissible in a court of law.

Question 16

Funding for homeland security issues generally comes from money supporting community policing.

Question 17

The rotten-apple theory explains nearly all police corruption.

Question 18

Law enforcement agencies need to be trained to recognize terrorist threats,such as the growth of phony charities.

Question 19

According to your text,work in the internal affairs unit is stressful.

Question 20

Police need to develop new technologies in weaponry because of the increased lethality of the weapons used by criminals.

Question 21

Favoritism includes issuing license tabs,window stickers,or courtesy cards that exempt users from arrest or apply only to certain individuals.

Question 22

New technology means added funding and training.

Question 23

Which statement best reflects current use of new technology in policing?

A)Technology is never a problem.
B)Police departments stand to gain very little from the use of new technology.
C)New technology may raise issues regarding constitutional rights.
D)Police rarely use new technology.

Question 24

New York City created the Commission to Combat Police Corruption,which is a separate entity from the department that investigates corruption.

Question 25

In which case did the U.S.Supreme Court rule that police must use "objective reasonableness" in judging whether to use deadly force?

A)Whren v.U.S.(1996)
B)Maryland v.Wilson (1997)
C)Tennessee v.Garner (1985)
D)Graham v.Connor (1989)

Question 26

The lack of threats in society has forced private security to decrease.

Question 27

Although policing changed dramatically in the immediate aftermath of the terror attacks of 9/11,it has returned to pre-9/11 traditions in recent years.

Question 28

Police officers must avoid any appearance of conflict of interest when they accept private employment.

Question 29

The rise in private agencies is not related to the increase in crime.

Question 30

Which term describes an officer receiving a cash "gift" from offenders who want to avoid prosecution?

A)bribery
B)mooching
C)chiseling
D)extortion

Question 31

A patrol officer who accepts a "tip" of $100 to spend a little more time in her patrol in front of a laundromat is a

A)meat eater.
B)grass eater.
C)weed eater.
D)night eater.

Question 32

The USA Patriot Act has made it more difficult to collect evidence against suspected terrorists.

Question 33

According to your textbook,at least one study reflected that the single largest predictor of police use of force is

A)citizens disrespecting the police.
B)citizens being intoxicated.
C)citizens lying about their identity.
D)use of force by suspects against police first.

Question 34

The Patriot Act allows law enforcement to monitor emails.

Question 35

The Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement is a well-known accrediting agency.

Question 36

The rise in private agencies is related to the fear of crime.

Question 37

Which U.S.Supreme Court case involved a ruling that police should not use deadly force in apprehending unarmed fleeing felons?

A)Whren v.U.S.(1996)
B)Maryland v.Wilson (1997)
C)Tennessee v.Garner (1985)
D)Graham v.Connor (1989)

Question 38

Police officers are expected to use which type of force?

A)Corporal punishment
B)Discretionary
C)Legitimate and reasonable
D)Military

Question 39

Increased public and business awareness and the use of more cost-effective private security services has had little effect on the use of private security.

Question 40

Private firms are not allowed to hire public police officers.

Question 41

Which is not a mechanism used to control the police?

A)Internal affairs investigators
B)Personal resolutions
C)Standards and accreditation
D)Civil liability lawsuits

Question 42

Which of the following is not a reason for the rise in private policing?

A)Budgetary constraints upon the states
B)Fear of crime
C)Increase in the supply of people wanting to become police officers
D)Increase in crimes in the workplace

Question 43

The acronym CODIS stands for

A)Collinear Debate in Serology.
B)Creativity in Other Devices in Seriousness.
C)Convictions of Deviants in Sentencing.
D)Combined DNA Index System.

Question 44

Which is true about weapons technology?

A)There have been no new advances in weapons technology in the past 50 years.
B)Police departments need to consider nonlethal weapons because departments have been sued for injuring or killing suspects.
C)New technologies in weaponry present no problems for police.
D)Police do not have nonlethal weapons currently available for use.

Question 45

Which model designed to manage off-duty employment of officers permits close control by police supervisors of the off-duty work performed by their officers?

A)Officer contract model
B)Conflict-of-interest model
C)Union brokerage model
D)Department contract model

Question 46

Which statement is false regarding what police experience when working in internal affairs?

A)They serve for a set period of about seven years.
B)They consider their work stressful.
C)They have difficulty maintaining relationships with other officers.
D)They typically receive full cooperation from other officers.

Question 47

Which is a technique used to control the police?

A)Violent protests
B)Media criticism
C)Peaceful protests
D)Civilian review boards

Question 48

Which of the following is true about public police officers working for private firms?

A)Congress passed a law prohibiting it.
B)If they work for private firms,they never retain their full powers as officers.
C)With proper agreements within the police agency,officers may work for private firms and retain full officer powers.
D)Police officers never work for private firms.

Question 49

Which is not one of the main forensic tools used by the police?

A)Fingerprint analysis
B)Blood analysis
C)Hair analysis
D)Genetic coding

Question 50

For the purpose of apprehending criminal offenders,which of the following is true concerning weapons technology?

A)The U.S.Supreme Court forbids the use of nonlethal weapons against suspected criminals.
B)Nonlethal weapons cannot be used against prisoners.
C)Nonlethal weapons would most likely be used on suspects who might be harmful to themselves or others.
D)Nonlethal weapons are being developed for suspects who are not dangerous.

Question 51

What is known about polygraph,or "lie detector," tests?

A)They are always accurate.
B)They are unreliable.
C)They are always inaccurate.
D)Police never use such tests.

Question 52

Which is true concerning internal affairs units?

A)They maintain formal mechanisms for the public to register complaints.
B)They never view complaints as attacks on the entire department.
C)They usually focus on grand corruption.
D)It is difficult for them to get officers to provide information.

Question 53

Which of the following is considered a new technology in weapons?

A)Taser
B)Handgun
C)DNA
D)Flexible baton

Question 54

Which is true concerning police accreditation?

A)It is mandatory for all police departments to follow nationally recognized standards.
B)None of the police departments in the United States follow nationally recognized standards.
C)It is voluntary for police departments follow nationally recognized standards.
D)Each police department has its own established standards.

Question 55

What is the major argument made by the police against police review boards?

A)The review boards frequently find against officers regardless of evidence.
B)Civilians cannot understand the problems of policing.
C)They should not have the power to investigate individual officers.
D)Only a few of the largest cities use review boards.

Question 56

Which unit in a police department receives and investigates complaints against officers?

A)Vice
B)Citizen Review Committee
C)Internal Affairs
D)Ethics Violations Department

Question 57

United States v.Jones concerned the use of

A)DNa.
B)GPS.
C)thermal-imaging.
D)paid informants.

Question 58

Which of the following is true about private policing?

A)It is a fairly recent development in policing.
B)It developed because of a reduction in crime.
C)It developed because police departments were not hiring.
D)It developed over a long period of time.

Question 59

Which U.S.Supreme Court ruled that DNA collection was permissible for arrested individuals?

A)Whren v.U.S.(1996)
B)Maryland v.King (2013)
C)Tennessee v.Garner (1985)
D)Monell v.Department of Social Services of the City of New York (1978)

Question 60

Holding police officers responsible for any unprofessional (or criminal)behavior is referred to as

A)civil liability.
B)statutory assessment.
C)legislative occupation.
D)civic accountability.

Question 61

Micah was approached by a fellow officer concerning possible corruption within their department.Apparently,two officers have been selling confiscated drugs on the streets.Micah reviewed both officers' cases and noticed that their arrests for drug crimes were down significantly.Both officers have also recently been receiving complaints from the community.Micah dreads what is about to happen to their department. Micah's fears are realized when the department's accreditation is indeed threatened after a media exposé.Another outside agency becomes involved and has the authority to review the actions of the department.This agency is most likely

A)the Citizens United Agency.
B)a media watchdog.
C)the Community Action League.
D)a civilian review board.

Question 62

Dylan will be teaching an in-service for a group of officers tomorrow to review the use-of-force continuum.A nearby department recently had an officer fire upon an unarmed suspect,which left the community enraged.Dylan plans to pay particular attention to those methods that are considered less lethal to avoid a similar tragedy in his department.Dylan is going to lecture on the use of less-lethal force.Which is not one of the methods he will discuss?

A)Nightstick
B)Pepper spray
C)Choke hold
D)Taser

Question 63

Micah was approached by a fellow officer concerning possible corruption within their department.Apparently,two officers have been selling confiscated drugs on the streets.Micah reviewed both officers' cases and noticed that their arrests for drug crimes were down significantly.Both officers have also recently been receiving complaints from the community.Micah dreads what is about to happen to their department. Micah has uncovered a wealth of information that compromises both officers.He knows the media will exploit the problems in the department and is concerned that the department will lose its accreditation from the

A)civilian review board.
B)Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies (CALEA).
C)civil liability board.
D)Commission to Combat Police Corruption.

Question 64

Micah was approached by a fellow officer concerning possible corruption within their department.Apparently,two officers have been selling confiscated drugs on the streets.Micah reviewed both officers' cases and noticed that their arrests for drug crimes were down significantly.Both officers have also recently been receiving complaints from the community.Micah dreads what is about to happen to their department.Which term best describes the kind of blue-coat crime activities that Micah's fellow officers are participating in?

A)Mooching
B)Chiseling
C)Shakedown
D)Shopping

Question 65

Sean works with the U.S.government in combating terrorism.His sole objective is to prevent another September 11th-like catastrophe from happening on U.S.soil.He works with various state and federal agencies not only to try to protect Americans from the threat of terrorism but also to try to safeguard protected constitutional rights from unneeded intrusions.Sean works to fight both domestic and international terrorism.For which of the following governmental agencies does Sean most likely work?

A)Department of Homeland Security
B)Department of Health and Human Services
C)Department of Terroristic Affairs
D)Department of Commerce

Question 66

Which of the following is not a major effect of police corruption on law enforcement?

A)Suspects are left free to engage in further crime.
B)Morale is damaged and supervision becomes lax.
C)The image of the police suffers.
D)Officers have better chances of promotion.

Question 67

Dylan will be teaching an in-service for a group of officers tomorrow to review the use-of-force continuum.A nearby department recently had an officer fire upon an unarmed suspect,which left the community enraged.Dylan plans to pay particular attention to those methods that are considered less lethal to avoid a similar tragedy in his department.Dylan needs to make sure the officers understand that when police officers exceed the level of force permissible,it is considered

A)less lethal.
B)nonlethal.
C)continuum force.
D)excessive use of force.

Question 68

Micah was approached by a fellow officer concerning possible corruption within their department.Apparently,two officers have been selling confiscated drugs on the streets.Micah reviewed both officers' cases and noticed that their arrests for drug crimes were down significantly.Both officers have also recently been receiving complaints from the community.Micah dreads what is about to happen to their department.The officers whom Micah has to investigate are allegedly involved in a high level of corruption and are therefore considered

A)meat eaters.
B)grass eaters.
C)moochers.
D)chiselers.

Question 69

Micah was approached by a fellow officer concerning possible corruption within their department.Apparently,two officers have been selling confiscated drugs on the streets.Micah reviewed both officers' cases and noticed that their arrests for drug crimes were down significantly.Both officers have also recently been receiving complaints from the community.Micah dreads what is about to happen to their department.Micah most likely works for

A)Special Victims.
B)Homicide.
C)Vice.
D)Internal affairs.

Question 70

Through the use of _____________ technology and software,police departments can analyze hot spots,crime trends,and other crime patterns.

A)CODIS
B)IAFIS
C)geographic information system
D)TSA

Question 71

Weapons such as pepper spray,air-fired beanbags,and nets that are intended to incapacitate a suspect without inflicting serious injuries are known as _________ weapons.

A)lethal
B)less-lethal
C)nonlethal
D)brutality

Question 72

Sean works with the U.S.government in combating terrorism.His sole objective is to prevent another September 11th-like catastrophe from happening on U.S.soil.He works with various state and federal agencies not only to try to protect Americans from the threat of terrorism but also to try to safeguard protected constitutional rights from unneeded intrusions.Sean works to fight both domestic and international terrorism. Sean needs to balance the protection of suspects' constitutional rights with the need to prevent another terrorist event.Which piece of legislation has the potential to infringe on the rights of citizens in regard to searches and surveillance?

A)The Patriot Act
B)The Bauer Act
C)The Vigilante Act
D)The Counterterrorism Surveillance Act

Question 73

The Department of ____________ was formed after the events of September 11,2001.

A)International Affairs
B)Terrorism
C)FBI
D)Homeland Security

Question 74

Which model lets officers contract independently with permission?

A)Officer contract model
B)Conflict-of-interest model
C)Union brokerage model
D)Department contract model

Question 75

Lawsuits charging brutality,false arrest,and negligence are brought in state and _______ courts.

A)federal
B)local
C)county
D)international

Question 76

Dylan will be teaching an in-service for a group of officers tomorrow to review the use-of-force continuum.A nearby department recently had an officer fire upon an unarmed suspect,which left the community enraged.Dylan plans to pay particular attention to those methods that are considered less lethal to avoid a similar tragedy in his department.Which court case could Dylan cite as an example of the legal use of deadly force?

A)Tennessee v.Garner
B)Mapp v.Ohio
C)Gideon v.Wainwright
D)Miranda v.Arizona

Question 77

Dylan is teaching an in-service for a group of officers tomorrow to review the use-of-force continuum.A nearby department recently had an officer fire upon an unarmed suspect,which left the community enraged.Dylan is paying particular attention to those methods that are considered less lethal to avoid a similar tragedy in his department.One participant asks Dylan about the use of thermal imaging technology.Which case should Dylan cite in his answer?

A)Tennessee v.Garner
B)Mapp v.Ohio
C)Gideon v.Wainwright
D)Kyllo v.United States

Question 78

Sean works with the U.S.government in combating terrorism.His sole objective is to prevent another September 11th-like catastrophe from happening on U.S.soil.He works with various state and federal agencies not only to try to protect Americans from the threat of terrorism but also to try to safeguard protected constitutional rights from unneeded intrusions.Sean works to fight both domestic and international terrorism. Sean needs assistance in preventing the boarding of a known terrorist onto an airplane so he contacts the

A)Department of Homeland Security.
B)Bureau of Airline Safety.
C)Transportation Safety Administration.
D)Airline Safety Administration.

Question 79

The advancement of new technologies in police work can be found in

A)body armor.
B)gunshot detection.
C)airport scanners.
D)All of these are correct.

Question 80

Rapport with the community is enhanced when citizens feel sure that the police will protect their persons and property and the rights guaranteed by the

A)Magna Carta.
B)Constitution.
C)Declaration of Independence.
D)Federalist Papers.