Deck 20: Substance Use and Abuse by Children and Adolescents

Question 1

Which of the following may best explain why substance abuse in early adolescence raises the individual's lifetime risk for SUD?

A) Adolescents are more likely to use marijuana than adults, which acts as a "gateway" to life­long drug abuse.
B) The amygdala region in the brain is not yet developed in adolescence.
C) Adolescents use the prefrontal cortex to make decisions more than adults do.
D) Memories associated with strong emotions are stronger and more deeply entrenched in adolescence than adulthood.

Answer 1

Memories associated with strong emotions are stronger and more deeply entrenched in adolescence than adulthood.

Question 2

alcohol or drugs of abuse has been identified as a sign of possible impending problems.

A) Attempts to introduce others to
B) Total preoccupation with
C) Total abstinence from
D) Indifference to

Answer 2

Total abstinence from

Question 3

Parental has been found to strongly influence substance use behaviors by children and adolescents.

A) emotional dependency
B) degree of differentiation
C) style of punishment
D) control

Answer 3

control

Question 4

It has been suggested that adolescent cigarette smoking is possibly an expression of

A) repressed anger.
B) rebellion against parental authority.
C) the attempt to use nicotine's stimulant effects to stay awake in school.
D) a desire to self-medicate adolescent angst.

Question 5

It has been found that of adolescents being assessed for chest pain have ephedrine in their system, in spite of strident denials to the contrary.

A) 12 percent
B) 17 percent
C) 21 percent
D) 25 percent

Question 6

Researchers now believe that "early adolescence" might begin

A) as early as 12 years of age, with the onset of puberty.
B) as early as 10 years of age, with the onset of puberty.
C) at the age of 13, when the "teenage" years officially begin.
D) at the same age for boys as compared with girls.

Question 7

By the age of 17, of adolescents will have seen one or both parents intoxicated.

A) 11 percent
B) 51 percent
C) 32 percent
D) 47 percent

Question 8

Research has found that adolescents who smoke are more likely to develop an alcohol use disorder later in life.

A) 12 percent
B) 25 percent
C) 33 percent
D) 50 percent

Question 9

Rhonda reached puberty at age 10. According to your text, she is at a higher risk of developing a SUDs than Judy, who reached puberty at 13.

Question 10

According to your text, children with with their parents are more likely to resist the urge to engage in substance abuse.

A) conflicted relationships
B) strong attachment bonds
C) strong friendships
D) many similarities

Question 11

The "gateway" theory of substance abuse

A) has been accepted as proven fact.
B) has been challenged but has survived these challenges to be accepted by most mental health professionals.
C) is still open to debate.
D) applies only to children under the age of 14.

Question 12

The compound most commonly abused by illicit drug abusers is

A) methamphetamine.
B) cocaine.
C) marijuana.
D) MDMA ("Ecstasy").

Question 13

Adolescents tend to experience sedation from a given dose of alcohol compared to adult drinkers.

A) less
B) more
C) the same levels of
D) varying levels of

Question 14

Which of the following statements is NOT true, according to your text?

A) Many clinicians believe that any substance use during childhood and adolescence is a sign of a serious problem.
B) Clinicians are able to rely on clear definitions of "childhood" and "adulthood."
C) Some clinicians believe that experimental drug use is a regular aspect of adolescence.
D) Adolescence in industrialized countries seems to have been extended.

Question 15

Parents tend to their ability to influence the decisions that their children make.

A) dismiss
B) not question
C) overly rely on
D) accept

Question 16

The average adolescent spends approximately listening to music, although how they find time between eating, sleeping, and sending text messages is not known.

A) one hour per day
B) three hours per day
C) two hours per week
D) two hours per day

Question 17

Children and adolescents are thought to be at vulnerability to the negative effects of alcohol or drugs.

A) an increased level of
B) a decreased level of
C) the same level of
D) an unknown level of

Question 18

Children have at least a rudimentary knowledge of alcohol and its effects , according to your text.

A) by the time of entry into third grade
B) by the time that they graduate from grade school
C) depending on whether they have older siblings or not
D) by preschool

Question 19

A frequently overlooked aspect of childhood and adolescence is the

A) quality of the attachment bond children have with their parents.
B) level of psychopathology demonstrated by instructors or other parent surrogates.
C) child's educational level and whether the child is functioning at age­specific expectations.
D) child's interpretation of the drug's effects on their ability to cope.

Question 20

The cost to society for adolescent substance use has been estimated as per mixed drink.

A) $1.50
B) $3.00
C) $4.12
D) $4.00

Question 21

Which of the following was NOT a reason pediatricians frequently fail to inquire about substance abuse in their patients?

A) Lack of interest
B) Lack of training
C) Lack of treatment resources
D) Lack of time

Question 22

Discuss some of the screening and assessment tools utilized in measuring and evaluating drug/alcohol use in
adolescents.

Question 23

In assessing the adolescent substance user, the assessor can count upon the

A) firm boundaries between abuse and substance use.
B) fact that since they are illicit chemicals any use equals abuse.
C) fact that there are no firm boundaries between use, abuse and problem use.
D) parents as an unbiased source of information.

Question 24

Discuss the controversy surrounding the gateway theory and how it affects adolescent drug use.

Question 25

Which group is most likely to respond in a positive manner to alcohol and drug abuse treatment?

A) Adults over the age of 25
B) Women under the age of 25
C) Adolescents of any age
D) Adolescents between the ages of 18 and 21

Question 26

What percent of children/adolescents diagnosed with a conduct disorder will eventually develop an SUD?

A) 20-35 percent
B) 85-92 percent
C) 37-45 percent
D) 50-80 percent

Question 27

Describe some of the reasons why children and adolescents abuse chemicals.

Question 28

Two-thirds of substance abuse rehabilitation programs surveyed:

A) had specialized components for adolescents with SUDs.
B) lacked specialized components for adolescents with SUDs.
C) had staff members with specific training to work with adolescents.
D) could provide age-specific treatment for adolescents.

Question 29

Which of the following is associated with adolescent substance abuse problems?

A) High level of involvement in after-school activities
B) History of friends having attempted suicide
C) Lack of strong religious beliefs
D) High self-esteem

Question 30

Adolescents who spend more time working than studying are less likely to engage in alcohol and tobacco use than their peers who study more than they work.

Question 31

What are some of the special needs of adolescence in substance abuse rehabilitation programs?

Question 32

Explain how conduct disorder/oppositional defiant order might affect substance use in children and adolescents.