Deck 2: Approaches to Infection Control

Question 1

In which of the following scenarios is protective eyewear most important?

A) Around a patient associated with airborne precautions
B) In the transportation of a patient subject to contact precautions
C) During times when blood splashes or sprays of other body fluids are likely
D) When a patient is performing upper extremity exercises

Answer 1

C
Protective eyewear,such as goggles,facial shield,or eyewear with side shields,should be worn to prevent fluids from entering the eyes.It is especially important that protective eyewear be worn when blood splashes or spurts are likely to occur and when other body fluids are likely to be sprayed or splashed onto the face.

Question 2

Which of the following is the absence of disease-producing microorganisms?

A) Sepsis
B) Asepsis
C) Contamination
D) Isolation

Answer 2

B
Asepsis is the absence of microorganisms that produce disease.It might also be defined as the prevention of infection by maintaining sterile conditions.Sepsis,conversely,is the presence of pathogenic microorganisms or their toxins in blood or tissues.

Question 3

Which of the following is appropriate with respect to maintaining a sterile field?

A) A sterile field must not be left unattended.
B) It's acceptable to turn your back to a sterile field as long as you remain in the same room.
C) Talking is allowed across a sterile field, but sneezing, coughing, and reaching across it must be avoided.
D) The base of a sterile field should be slightly moist.

Answer 3

A
Do not leave the field unattended,even if it is covered with a sterile towel or other sterile item.In your absence,the field can become contaminated.Moreover,do not turn your back to the field because contamination of the objects in the field can occur when you are not able to observe the field.Talking,sneezing,coughing,and reaching across a sterile field should be avoided.The air currents or moisture droplets from your nose or mouth can convey pathogens onto the field.Finally,the base and the area surrounding the field should be void of moisture because moisture is likely to contain microorganisms.

Question 4

Which of the following are advantages of hand rubbing with alcohol-based rubs?

A) It is more accessible than sinks.
B) It requires less time to use than soap and water.
C) It causes less damage to the skin than soap and water when an emollient has been added.
D) All of the above are advantages.

Question 5

Microorganisms move from place to place by various means in a cyclical manner.What are the five elements in the cycle of infection?

A) Reservoir, exit, transmission, infection, and susception
B) Isolation, wound, contamination, infection, and sterilization
C) Infection, contamination, decontamination, transmission, and exit
D) Susception, reservoir, wound, isolation, and exit

Question 6

What is a form of surgical asepsis,designed to keep an area and objects free from pathogens,that often uses a nonabsorbent,sterile towel as its base?

A) Sterile field
B) Isolation
C) Decontamination zone
D) Disinfection area

Question 7

What is the proper protocol for disposing of sharp instruments?

A) They may be placed in ordinary waste baskets.
B) Needles should be broken or bent before disposal.
C) They should be put into specially designated containers without manipulation.
D) Needles should be recapped before being deposited into ordinary waste baskets.

Question 8

According to standard isolation precautions for airborne transmission,what is the recommended architecture for a patient's room?

A) Cohort
B) Private or cohort, preferably more than 3 feet between beds
C) Private
D) Private isolation room with a closed door

Question 9

Which list of diseases describes those that are more commonly transmitted through contact?

A) Herpes simplex virus, Staphylococcus aureus, VRE, and
B) Strep throat, meningitis, pneumonia, and influenza
C) The common cold, pertussis (whooping cough), smallpox, and mumps
C) difficile
D) Measles, varicella (chickenpox), and M. tuberculosis

Question 10

According to standard precautions for contact transmission,what protocol is used for items that are removed from the patient's room?

A) Items must be disinfected or placed in a bag labeled "biohazard."
B) No items should be removed from the room until the patient has been discharged.
C) The carrier should take care only to perform appropriate hand washing before removing items.
D) The handler must wear a gown and gloves when removing items, but the items need no preparation.

Question 11

In applying an alcohol-based hand rub,what is the appropriate step to take after rubbing the product briskly over all surfaces of the hands?

A) Rinse the hands with water after every use.
B) Continue to rub until the hands are dry.
C) Rinse the hands with soap and water after every use.
D) Use a paper towel to wipe residual hand rub from the hands.

Question 12

What are the most common modes of transmission of pathogenic microorganisms?

A) Gloves, masks, and gowns
B) Tables, chairs, and beds
C) Water and food
D) Contact, droplet, airborne

Question 13

What is the term used to describe practices that render and keep objects and areas free of all microorganisms,preventing the spread of infection to a patient?

A) Surgical asepsis
B) Medical asepsis
C) Hospital asepsis
D) Clinical asepsis

Question 14

What is the recommended length of time for hand washing with ordinary soap and water?

A) 0-10 seconds
B) 10-15 seconds
C) 15-30 seconds
D) More than 30 seconds

Question 15

For which of the following procedures might it be unnecessary to wear gloves?

A) Controlling bleeding
B) Performing oral or nasal suctioning
C) Measuring blood pressure or temperature
D) Handling or cleaning contaminated instruments

Question 16

When should hand washing be performed?

A) Before and after patient contact
B) After sneezing, coughing, or nose blowing
C) After removing gloves
D) Hand washing should be performed after all of the above activities.

Question 17

What is the proper clothing application sequence for aseptic isolation?

A) Gown, mask, cap, then gloves
B) Mask, gloves, gown, then cap
C) Cap, mask, gown, then gloves
D) Gloves, gown, mask, then cap

Question 18

What is the most important activity that caregivers should perform before and after contact with a patient to control infection?

A) Documentation
B) Hand hygiene
C) Linen changing
D) Gown changing

Question 19

Which of the following precautions is not recommended in the treatment of a patient who is in protective isolation?

A) Apply protective clothing carefully and in the appropriate sequence.
B) Move and perform patient care quickly to reduce the amount of exposure to pathogens.
C) Do not enter the patient's room with protective clothing or equipment that has been worn to treat patients in another area of the hospital.
D) Remember to perform proper hand washing before applying and after removing protective clothing.

Question 20

Which of the following objects is a potential host site for the survival of pathogens?

A) Bar soap
B) Sink rims
C) Faucet handles
D) All of the above