Deck 8: Supporting Structures

Question 1

Which is a gingival fiber?

A) Horizontal
B) Oblique
C) Circular
D) Apical

Answer 1

C
Circular fibers are one component of the gingival fibers that connect the gingiva to the tooth.This meshwork of collagenous fibers travels in multiple directions and includes transseptal fibers,which attach to adjacent teeth.The remaining selections are a portion of the periodontal fibers,another unit of fibers that attach to the alveolar bone and cementum.

Question 2

With regard to apposition and resorption,on which tissue are these activities MOST active?

A) Dentin
B) Bone
C) Cementum
D) Periodontal ligament

Answer 2

B
Bone tissue is constantly undergoing change.Bone apposition and resorption are related to the functional demands placed on bone.While the terms apposition (growth)and resorption apply to most tissues,these activities are most active in bone.

Question 3

Each of the following structures is a component of the gingival unit EXCEPT one.Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A) Attached gingiva
B) Free gingiva
C) Alveolar mucosa
D) Periodontal ligament

Answer 3

D
The periodontal ligament is not a component of the gingival unit.It is a component of the attachment unit.The attachment unit is also called the attachment apparatus and is composed of the cementum,the periodontal ligament,and the alveolar bone.

Question 4

Bundle bone is the collection of numerous layers of bone added to the socket wall through apposition.Because it is relatively new bone,it has no attachment with the periodontal ligament.

A) Both statements are true.
B) The first statement is true;the second statement is false.
C) The first statement is false;the second statement is true.
D) Both statements are false.

Question 5

When assessing the health of the gingival unit,which of the following provide guidance to the dental professional (Select all that apply. )?

A) Free gingiva extends from the gingival margin to the base of the gingival sulcus.
B) The attached gingiva is located apical to the mucogingival junction.
C) The alveolar mucosa is contiguous with the mucous membrane of the cheeks,lips,and floor of the mouth.
D) Free gingiva has a thick epithelial covering.
E) Cells of the free gingiva are nonkeratinized.

Question 6

Important features to consider while evaluating gingival conditions include (Select all that apply. ):

A) The attached gingiva begins at the base of the gingival sulcus.
B) Cells of the alveolar mucosa are nonkeratinized.
C) Both the free and attached gingiva are lined with freely movable lining mucosa.
D) The free gingiva is usually light pink in color.

Question 7

The thin,soft,smooth alveolar mucosa is highly keratinized.The thicker,stippled attached gingiva is keratinized,contains rete pegs,and is covered with stratified squamous epithelium.

A) Both statements are true.
B) The first statement is true;the second statement is false.
C) The first statement is false;the second statement is true.
D) Both statements are false.

Question 8

Inflammation of the gingival papilla is easily recognized because the area takes on a color that is more red than normal.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but are NOT related.
C) The statement is correct,but the reason is NOT correct.
D) The statement is NOT correct,but the reason is correct.
E) NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.

Question 9

The gingival transseptal fibers extend from the cementum of one tooth to the alveolar process of adjacent teeth.The oblique gingival fibers are circular bands of connective tissue that surround teeth.

A) Both statements are true.
B) The first statement is true;the second statement is false.
C) The first statement is false;the second statement is true.
D) Both statements are false.

Question 10

Each of the following fibers extend from the cementum to the alveolar bone EXCEPT one.Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A) Oblique
B) Horizontal
C) Alveolar
D) Apical
E) Transseptal

Question 11

The mucogingival junction joins the free and attached gingiva.There is a raised line on the surface of the mucogingival junction.

A) Both statements are true.
B) The first statement is true;the second statement is false.
C) The first statement is false;the second statement is true.
D) Both statements are false.

Question 12

Sharpey's fibers can be found in all of the following EXCEPT one.Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A) Alveolar bone
B) Dentin
C) Cementum
D) Periodontal ligament
E) They are in all of the above.

Question 13

When teeth are subjected to relatively constant forces tooth mobility is likely to result because forces cause pressure on the root,periodontal ligament,and bone.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but are NOT related.
C) The statement is correct,but the reason is NOT correct.
D) The statement is NOT correct,but the reason is correct.
E) NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.

Question 14

The physical arrangement of bone is permanently fixed.Only externally originated pressure or tension from orthodontic forces cause bone apposition and resorption.

A) Both statements are true.
B) The first statement is true;the second statement is false.
C) The first statement is false;the second statement is true.
D) Both statements are false.

Question 15

The periodontal ligament is constantly undergoing functional change because the fibers are constantly subjected to a variety of pressures exerted on the tooth.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but are NOT related.
C) The statement is correct,but the reason is NOT correct.
D) The statement is NOT correct,but the reason is correct.
E) NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.

Question 16

Alveolar bone is composed of all of the following EXCEPT one.Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A) Collagen
B) Intercellular substance
C) Apatite crystals
D) Lamina dura

Question 17

Periodontal ligament fibers that extend from the tooth to the alveolar crest are called

A) horizontal
B) oblique
C) apical
D) interradicular
E) alveolar crest fibers

Question 18

Which of the following are functions of the attachment apparatus (Select all that apply. )?

A) Nutritive
B) Supportive
C) Formative
D) Sensory

Question 19

The periodontal ligament provides a hammock of tissue bundles that support the tooth within bone.Each of the following is true regarding the periodontal ligament EXCEPT one.Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A) Periodontal ligament fibers tie the tooth to bone.
B) Periodontal ligament fibers prevent the tooth from being pushed into the bone.
C) The periodontal ligament contains small blood and lymph vessel and nerves.
D) The main portion of the periodontal ligament is composed of osseous trabeculae.
E) Fluids within the periodontal ligament act as a hydraulic pressure system on the alveolar walls.

Question 20

The periodontium,composed of tissues that support teeth,includes which of the following structures (Select all that apply. )?

A) Attached gingiva
B) Cementum
C) Dentin
D) Alveolar bone
E) All of the above are part of the periodontium.

Question 21

Cementum that is free of embedded cementoblasts is clear and without structure.

Question 22

Interdental papilla is classified as attached gingiva.

Question 23

MATCHING
Evaluation,diagnosis,and treatment of gingival and periodontal conditions require a sound understanding of the structure of the gingival unit and periodontal attachment apparatus.Match the gingival structure with its corresponding description.
a.Free gingiva located in triangular interdental spaces
b.Located apical to the mucogingival junction
c.Extends from base of gingival sulcus to mucogingival junction
d.Surface covering of attached gingiva
e.Extends from free gingival margin to base of gingival sulcus
f.Responsible for darker-colored gingiva
g.Composition of underlying mucosa of gingiva
Attached gingiva

Question 24

MATCHING
Evaluation,diagnosis,and treatment of gingival and periodontal conditions require a sound understanding of the structure of the gingival unit and periodontal attachment apparatus.Match the gingival structure with its corresponding description.
a.Free gingiva located in triangular interdental spaces
b.Located apical to the mucogingival junction
c.Extends from base of gingival sulcus to mucogingival junction
d.Surface covering of attached gingiva
e.Extends from free gingival margin to base of gingival sulcus
f.Responsible for darker-colored gingiva
g.Composition of underlying mucosa of gingiva
Melanin

Question 25

On a radiograph,the alveolar bone that surrounds the tooth is called supraperiosteal bone.

Question 26

MATCHING
Evaluation,diagnosis,and treatment of gingival and periodontal conditions require a sound understanding of the structure of the gingival unit and periodontal attachment apparatus.Match the gingival structure with its corresponding description.
a.Free gingiva located in triangular interdental spaces
b.Located apical to the mucogingival junction
c.Extends from base of gingival sulcus to mucogingival junction
d.Surface covering of attached gingiva
e.Extends from free gingival margin to base of gingival sulcus
f.Responsible for darker-colored gingiva
g.Composition of underlying mucosa of gingiva
Gingival papilla

Question 27

MATCHING
Evaluation,diagnosis,and treatment of gingival and periodontal conditions require a sound understanding of the structure of the gingival unit and periodontal attachment apparatus.Match the gingival structure with its corresponding description.
a.Free gingiva located in triangular interdental spaces
b.Located apical to the mucogingival junction
c.Extends from base of gingival sulcus to mucogingival junction
d.Surface covering of attached gingiva
e.Extends from free gingival margin to base of gingival sulcus
f.Responsible for darker-colored gingiva
g.Composition of underlying mucosa of gingiva
Dense collagen fibers

Question 28

MATCHING
Evaluation,diagnosis,and treatment of gingival and periodontal conditions require a sound understanding of the structure of the gingival unit and periodontal attachment apparatus.Match the gingival structure with its corresponding description.
a.Free gingiva located in triangular interdental spaces
b.Located apical to the mucogingival junction
c.Extends from base of gingival sulcus to mucogingival junction
d.Surface covering of attached gingiva
e.Extends from free gingival margin to base of gingival sulcus
f.Responsible for darker-colored gingiva
g.Composition of underlying mucosa of gingiva
Alveolar mucosa

Question 29

MATCHING
Evaluation,diagnosis,and treatment of gingival and periodontal conditions require a sound understanding of the structure of the gingival unit and periodontal attachment apparatus.Match the gingival structure with its corresponding description.
a.Free gingiva located in triangular interdental spaces
b.Located apical to the mucogingival junction
c.Extends from base of gingival sulcus to mucogingival junction
d.Surface covering of attached gingiva
e.Extends from free gingival margin to base of gingival sulcus
f.Responsible for darker-colored gingiva
g.Composition of underlying mucosa of gingiva
Free gingiva

Question 30

Orthodontic movement is possible due to which of the following (Select all that apply. )?

A) Bone resorption
B) Bone apposition
C) Periodontal ligament stretching
D) Hydraulic function of periodontal fluids

Question 31

MATCHING
Evaluation,diagnosis,and treatment of gingival and periodontal conditions require a sound understanding of the structure of the gingival unit and periodontal attachment apparatus.Match the gingival structure with its corresponding description.
a.Free gingiva located in triangular interdental spaces
b.Located apical to the mucogingival junction
c.Extends from base of gingival sulcus to mucogingival junction
d.Surface covering of attached gingiva
e.Extends from free gingival margin to base of gingival sulcus
f.Responsible for darker-colored gingiva
g.Composition of underlying mucosa of gingiva
Stratified squamous epithelium