Deck 12: Labor and Management Relations

Question 1

The Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 was an attempt to curb union abuses and excesses.

Answer 1

True
Explanation: Some unions abused their newfound power and went overboard with it and committed abuses themselves. The Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 was a response to this and was an attempt to curb union abuses and excesses. Under the Act, unions could now be subject to unfair labor practices for engaging in activity that overstepped their role as employee representatives.

Question 2

_____ was the outcome of discrimination by the unions against blacks.

A) The Colored National Labor Union
B) The Taft-Hartley Act of 1947
C) The Coalition of Labor Union Women
D) The Landrum-Griffin Act of 1959

Answer 2

A
Explanation: Established in 1869, four years after the Civil War ended, the Colored National Labor Union (CNLU) was started by Isaac Myers, a ship caulker and 214 other African Americans. Most white unions had refused to allow blacks into their ranks, particularly for industrial or skilled labor jobs, and Myers believed that collective action was the only way that blacks would be able to move ahead in the aftermath of the post-Civil War production boom.

Question 3

The steadily declining union membership rates can be attributed to factors like:

A) aggressive nonunion campaigns by employees.
B) reduction of traditionally heavily unionized industries like steel.
C) loss of jobs to other countries with cheaper labor.
D) increase in the labor force of heavily unionized industries.

Answer 3

C
Explanation: The steadily declining union membership rates can be attributed in part to factors such as reduction in the labor force of traditionally heavily unionized industries like steel and other manufacturing, international competition, aggressive nonunion campaigns by employers, union concessions during downturns in the economy, and loss of jobs to other countries with cheaper labor.

Question 4

District attorneys, like other employees, are permitted to strike or to bargain over wages, hours, and benefits.

Question 5

Actual interference by an employer has to be proved in order for it to be considered an unfair labor practice.

Question 6

The Norris-LaGuardia Act increased the right of courts to issue injunctions against employees, prohibiting them from continuing concerted activities like strikes against their employers.

Question 7

In right to work states, employees are free to join unions or not and do not have to pay union dues or their equivalent.

Question 8

Legislation provided union members with a bill of rights to protect them from union abuses.

Question 9

The NLRA applies only to the private sector.

Question 10

Job and union security constitute the main issues or clauses for employees in a collective bargaining agreement.

Question 11

The purpose of a union is to represent the interests of employees to management.

Question 12

Which of the following statements is true for labor laws?

A) They do not offer protection against unfair labor practices.
B) They don't give employees the right to form labor organizations.
C) They give the courts extra power for regulating union activities.
D) They provide union members with a bill of rights.

Question 13

Under the Employee Free Choice Act, once management has been presented with cards signed by a majority of the bargaining unit indicating they wish to have a union, it cannot hold a secret ballot election.

Question 14

A shop steward is the:

A) union leader.
B) management's representative.
C) employer.
D) union representative.

Question 15

Imposition of overtime is a mandatory subject of bargaining that cannot be unilaterally implemented by the management.

Question 16

Unions are only composed of supervisory or managerial employees.

Question 17

A collective bargaining agreement is entered into between:

A) labor and the shop steward.
B) the management and labor.
C) the management and the employer.
D) labor and the government.

Question 18

Wildcat strikes are illegal and subject to unfair labor practice charges.

Question 19

The Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 outlawed both closed shops and union shops.

Question 20

The Labor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act did not regulate the activities of union officials.

Question 21

Which of the following statements is true for a collective bargaining agreement?

A) It is the end product of disputes between management and labor.
B) The agreement does not contain provisions regarding employment classifications.
C) The agreement must always be more in favor of the employees than the management.
D) It can contain any provisions agreed upon by the parties.

Question 22

Identify the correct statement about bargaining units.

A) Employees of the bargaining unit cannot conduct a card check.
B) Generally, there must be at least two employees in a bargaining unit.
C) It is not mandatory to have a bargaining unit for election of a union.
D) It represents the management whose employees the union will represent.

Question 23

_____ was the first major U.S. labor law statute.

A) The Employee Free Choice Act
B) The National Labor Relations Act
C) The Norris-LaGuardia Act
D) The Taft-Hartley Act

Question 24

To prevent unions from discriminating against minorities and women, the NLRA imposes the duty of _____ on unions.

A) fair representation
B) good faith bargaining
C) collective bargaining
D) permissive bargaining

Question 25

Industrial unions:

A) are the same as craft unions.
B) are composed of the employees of a workplace who perform dissimilar jobs.
C) may be part of a larger union network of the same type of employees at other workplaces.
D) are often contacted when employers need the type of employees represented by that union.

Question 26

Samantha Jones, owner and CEO of Jones Industries, is faced with the task of thwarting the formation of a union by her employees. In brainstorming about how to respond, Samantha thinks a straightforward attack on the union would be ideal and threatens to fire anyone who is caught discussing the union. In this situation:

A) Samantha's act would be considered a fair labor practice under the revised National Labor Relations Act.
B) Samantha is not liable for an unfair labor practice because she only made a threat and didn't actually fire anyone.
C) Samantha act would be regarded as an unfair labor practice under the Employee Free Choice Act.
D) Samantha's act would amount to an unfair labor practice because it interfered with the employees' legal rights of forming a labor union.

Question 27

If the employers refuse to bargain with the union representatives over pay hikes, it will be regarded as an unfair labor practice because:

A) pay hike is a mandatory subject of bargaining.
B) the Employee Free Choice Act says so.
C) pay hike is a permissive subject of bargaining.
D) the employers are prohibited from bargaining with the union.

Question 28

The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) was created by the:

A) Norris-LaGuardia Act.
B) Taft-Hartley Act.
C) Wagner Act.
D) Landrum-Griffin Act.

Question 29

The end product of the negotiations between management and labor will be a(an):

A) arbitration agreement.
B) card check agreement.
C) collective bargaining agreement.
D) agency shop agreement.

Question 30

_____ are specifically excluded from the NLRA.

A) Part-time workers
B) Nonmanagerial employees
C) Subagents
D) Domestic workers

Question 31

A union representation election is conducted by the ____.

A) business agent
B) management
C) bargaining unit
D) NLRB Once it is decided that the bargaining unit will be represented by a union, a union representation election must be conducted by the NLRB. NLRB conducts the election under federal regulations and certifies the results.

Question 32

The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB):

A) is the independent state agency that enforces the labor laws.
B) decertifies unions that employees no longer wish to represent them.
C) abolishes all yellow dog contracts.
D) gives courts the right to issue injunctions against employees who strike.

Question 33

Wages, hours and other terms, and conditions of employment come under ____.

A) permissive subjects of bargaining
B) employee subjects of bargaining
C) mandatory subjects of bargaining
D) management subjects of bargaining

Question 34

The Norris-LaGuardia Act:

A) allowed courts to issue injunctions against employees involved in strikes.
B) was formulated after the National Labor Relations Act.
C) enhanced the regulatory power of courts over labor issues.
D) outlawed yellow dog contracts.

Question 35

Which of the following is an important provision for employers in a collective bargaining agreement?

A) Union security
B) Freedom from slowdowns
C) Job security
D) Freedom from management security

Question 36

Which of the following is an advantage of resolving disputes, between the union and management, through arbitration?

A) The management does not need to run to court for every dispute an employee may have.
B) It helps the shop steward to effectively perform his duties as the union representative.
C) It increases the costs of dispute settlement for the employees of the union.
D) The management can take greater interest in the welfare of its employees.

Question 37

Which of the following is essential to begin the formation of a union?

A) A bargaining unit
B) A yellow dog contract
C) A shop steward
D) A business agent

Question 38

Under the ____, once management has been presented with cards signed by a majority of the bargaining unit indicating they wish to have a union, management cannot hold a secret ballot election and matters may proceed to choosing a union.

A) Landrum-Griffin Act
B) Employee Free Choice Act
C) Norris-LaGuardia Act
D) Taft-Hartley Act

Question 39

Which of the following statements is true for the Wagner Act of 1935?

A) It abolished the rights of employees to strike.
B) It was formulated by the National Labor Relations Board.
C) It prohibited unfair labor practices.
D) It established the rights of employees to bargain individually.

Question 40

Bargaining in good faith means:

A) that one party must agree to the other party's proposal.
B) that a party can refuse a proposal without seriously considering it.
C) that a party can continually miss negotiation meetings.
D) that a party must provide necessary information to support their bargaining proposals.

Question 41

Unfair labor practices by unions include:

A) refusal to bargain.
B) bargaining in good faith.
C) charging pay hikes from employers.
D) holding strikes to make a statement.

Question 42

Which of the following statements is true for the Taft-Hartley Act of 1947?

A) It was enacted as an amendment to the NLRA to curb excesses by managements.
B) An important concept in relation to the Taft-Hartley Act is right to work laws.
C) The Taft-Hartley Act outlawed closed shops and union shops.
D) In right to work states, collective bargaining agreements contain union security clauses.

Question 43

Federal employees are covered by the:

A) National Labor Relations Act.
B) Employee Free Choice Act.
C) Taft-Hartley Act of 1947.
D) Civil Service Reform Act of 1978.

Question 44

Which of the following is a part of the Taft-Hartley Act of 1947?

A) Bill of rights
B) Management unfair labor practices
C) Yellow dog contracts
D) Right to work laws

Question 45

The bill of rights, implemented under the Landrum-Griffin Act of 1959, states that:

A) members do not have the right to vote on union business.
B) union officers must be voted through public ballots.
C) union elections must be held every three years.
D) members cannot be disciplined for failure to pay union dues.

Question 46

Under which provision did labor and management agree that union membership was a condition of employment for anyone coming into a unionized workplace?

A) Union shops
B) Agency shops
C) Closed shops
D) Open shops

Question 47

Which of the following statements is true for unfair labor practices?

A) It is not an unfair labor practice for an employer to totally go out of business even if the reason is anti-union animus.
B) If the reason is to discourage unions, an employer going totally out of business, can close only one part of its business.
C) If employers with at least 500 employees have a massive layoff, they are required by law to give the employees at least 60 days notice.
D) Actual interference by an employer has to be proved in order for it to be considered an unfair labor practice.

Question 48

In which of the following cases the employees need not join the union, but must still pay the equivalent of union dues?

A) An open shop
B) A closed shop
C) An agency shop
D) An union shop

Question 49

The _____ was enacted to regulate the use of union funds.

A) Norris-LaGuardia Act
B) Taft-Hartley Act
C) Landrum-Griffin Act
D) Wagner Act

Question 50

In "right to work states,"

A) open shops are outlawed.
B) employees have to pay union dues.
C) closed shops are outlawed.
D) states have the right to outlaw union and agency shops.

Question 51

Management unfair labor practices were introduced by:

A) The Taft-Hartley Act.
B) The Wagner Act.
C) The Norris-LaGuardia Act.
D) The Landrum-Griffin Act.

Question 52

Strikes which are not authorized by the union are considered illegal if:

A) they strike for economic reasons rather than for unfair labor practices.
B) they force the employer to deal with the employees rather than the union.
C) they are merely to make a statement of some sort.
D) they impose the will of the minority rather than the majority.

Question 53

Government employees are generally not permitted to strike or to bargain over wages, hours, and benefits because:

A) it is against the tenets of the Taft-Hartley Act of 1947.
B) it is in violation of the right to work laws.
C) it is against public health and safety.
D) the Landrum-Griffin Act of 1959 doesn't allow them to do so.

Question 54

Under a no-strike, no-lockout clause:

A) a grievance procedure can be used to handle labor disputes.
B) management can engage in locking employees out of the workplace.
C) unions can engage in locking employees out of the workplace.
D) matters can be resolved through arbitration.

Question 55

Strikes that are not authorized by the union are called ____.

A) bargaining strikes
B) yellow dog strikes
C) wildcat strikes
D) lockout strikes

Question 56

Which of the following statements is true about the bargaining power of employees?

A) State government employees have the power to strike but not bargain.
B) Only private sector employees have the power to bargain.
C) Only federal government employees have bargaining power.
D) Both private and government employees have bargaining power.

Question 57

The Labor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act is also known as the:

A) Taft-Hartley Act.
B) Norris-LaGuardia Act.
C) Wagner Act.
D) Landrum-Griffin Act.

Question 58

Under the ____, unions can now be subject to unfair labor practices for engaging in activity that overstepped their role as employee representatives.

A) Wagner Act
B) Norris-LaGuardia Act
C) Landrum-Griffin Act
D) Taft-Hartley Act

Question 59

Which of the following employees are governed by the NLRA?

A) Private sector
B) Federal government
C) State government
D) Local government

Question 60

People who get the benefits of the union's work without having to be a part of the union or pay the equivalent of union dues are called:

A) free riders.
B) open riders.
C) union riders.
D) agency riders.

Question 61

What are wildcat strikes? When are they subject to unfair labor practice charges?

Question 62

Explain the duty of fair representation.

Question 63

What is the most significant difference between public and private collective bargaining?

Question 64

What are yellow dog contracts?

Question 65

Define a bargaining unit?

Question 66

What are "right to work states?" Name any two such states.

Question 67

What is the difference between an open shop and an agency shop?

Question 68

What are the steps involved in the formation of a union?

Question 69

Describe any three unfair labor practices engaged in by unions.

Question 70

Describe the responsibilities of the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB).

Question 71

What is meant by bargaining in good faith?

Question 72

Under what circumstances, the management can be held liable for unfair labor practices?

Question 73

In what ways did the Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 curb union abuses and excesses?

Question 74

State the important provisions of the Landrum-Griffin Act of 1959.

Question 75

Distinguish between mandatory and permissive subjects of bargaining.