Deck 16: Sampling Designs and Sampling Procedures

Question 1

The term random refers to the data in the sample,not to the procedure for selecting the sample.

Answer 1

False
The term random refers to the procedure for selection the sample;it does not describe the data in the sample.

Question 2

The sampling frame is also called the "working population."

Answer 2

True

Question 3

A census is any complete group whose members share some common set of characteristics.

Answer 3

False
This is a population (universe).A census is an investigation of all the individual elements that make up the population.

Question 4

The availability of sampling frames is fairly consistent around the world.

Question 5

The individual element in the population (e.g.stores)in a cluster sample is the primary sampling unit (PSU).

Question 6

As sample size decreases,random sampling error decreases.

Question 7

Judgment sampling is a nonprobability sampling technique in which an experienced individual selects the sample based on his or her judgment about some appropriate characteristics required of the sample member.

Question 8

Sampling involves using a small number of people in the target market to make conclusions about the entire target market population.

Question 9

Larger samples allow conclusions to be drawn with more confidence that they truly represent the population.

Question 10

If individuals do not opt in to receive e-mail from a particular organization,they may consider unsolicited survey requests to be spam.

Question 11

A list of all of the members of the Atlanta chapter of the American Psychological Association is an example of a sampling frame.

Question 12

List brokers rent lists of names,addresses,phone numbers,and e-mail addresses of specific populations.

Question 13

A sampling procedure ensuring that each element in the population will have an equal chance of being included in the sample is called simple random sampling.

Question 14

A convenience sample is a type of probability sampling method.

Question 15

A canvas is an investigation of all the individual elements that make up the population.

Question 16

A reverse directory provides,in a different format,the same information contained in a telephone directory.

Question 17

Trickle-down sampling involves using probability methods for an initial selection of respondents and then obtaining additional respondents through information provided by the initial respondents.

Question 18

The first stage in the selection of a sample is to determine the sampling frame.

Question 19

There is no appropriate statistical technique that can be used to measure random sampling error when a nonprobability sample is used.

Question 20

Systematic sampling is a type of true random selection procedure.

Question 21

A single element or group of elements that is eligible for selection via the sampling process is called a:

A)sampling panel
B)sampling unit
C)sampling error
D)sampling quota

Question 22

When a researcher uses students to participate in a study because he has easy access to them,what type of sampling procedure does this represent?

A)judgment sample
B)systematic sample
C)snowball sample
D)convenience sample

Question 23

Janet has agreed to participate in surveys online.Every few weeks,she is sent an email requesting her to participate in an online survey.What did Janet do to become involved in these research studies?

A)opted out
B)opted in
C)randomized herself
D)met a quota

Question 24

The difference between the sample result and the result of an accurate census is called:

A)random sampling error
B)systematic sampling error
C)primary sampling error
D)secondary sampling error

Question 25

Which type of error occurs when certain sample elements are excluded or when the entire population is not accurately represented in the sampling frame?

A)Type I error
B)sampling frame error
C)statistical error
D)list error

Question 26

When a researcher wants to study the members of the American Marketing Association and selects a sample from its membership list,the membership list is an example of a:

A)reverse directory
B)sampling frame
C)systematic sampling list
D)census

Question 27

When a researcher has made the decision to conduct a survey using a sample of the population,the FIRST step in the selection of the sample is to:

A)define the target population
B)determine the sample size
C)select the actual sampling units
D)select a sampling frame

Question 28

One advantage of a convenience sample is that there is no need for a population list.

Question 29

Lists of respondents who have agreed to participate in marketing research along with the e-mail contact information for these individuals are called:

A)interactive samples
B)online panels
C)perpetual samples
D)e-samples

Question 30

Which type of sampling error is primarily due to the nature of a study's design and the correctness of execution?

A)random sampling error
B)systematic sampling error
C)primary sampling error
D)secondary sampling error

Question 31

As sample size ____,random sampling error ____.

A)increases;increases
B)decreases;decreases
C)increases;decreases
D)increase;remains unchanged

Question 32

Multistage area sampling is a cluster sampling approach involving multiple steps.

Question 33

All of the following are stages in the selection of a sample EXCEPT:

A)analyze data
B)select a sampling frame
C)determine sample size
D)conduct fieldwork

Question 34

An area sample is the most popular type of cluster sample.

Question 35

In stratified sampling a subsample is drawn using judgment sampling within each stratum.

Question 36

In which type of sampling does every element in the population have a known,nonzero probability of selection?

A)absolute sampling
B)relative sampling
C)nonprobability sampling
D)probability sampling

Question 37

If Northwest Airlines selects randomly a set of 40 flights on a given day,and then selects randomly a group of ten passengers on each of these flights to participate in an in-flight survey,the passengers are a:

A)PSU
B)census
C)systematic sample
D)secondary sampling unit

Question 38

A telephone directory that lists the people in the phone book by their street address instead of by their last name is called a:

A)snowball directory
B)inverse directory
C)reverse directory
D)sampling frame directory

Question 39

When a company decides to send an Internet survey to all of its 127-member sales force to determine their morale,this is an example of a:

A)cluster sample
B)multistage area sample
C)census
D)sample

Question 40

A multistage sample is low cost and frequently used.

Question 41

When a telephone book database is re-arranged so that it is organized by phone number,instead of by last name,this type of database is a type of ____________________ directory.

Question 42

A stratified sample in which the number of sampling units drawn from each stratum is in proportion to the population size of that stratum is called a(n):

A)proportional stratified sample
B)balanced stratified sample
C)even stratified sample
D)primary stratified sample

Question 43

When some elements of the target population are omitted from the sampling frame (e.g.their address is unknown),then ____________________ error occurs.

Question 44

All of the retail stores nationwide of Sears Roebuck and Co.are the ____________________ of Sears' stores.

Question 45

When the head of the marketing research department instructs field interviewers to interview owners of DVD players in a shopping mall such that they each interview 10 Sony owners,8 Panasonic owners,6 Toshiba owners,and 4 owners of other brands,this represents what type of sampling procedure?

A)systematic sample
B)quota sample
C)area sample
D)multistage sample

Question 46

A small number of people who are a subset of the population of interest are known as a(n)____________________ of the population.

Question 47

A sampling procedure that assures each element in the population of an equal chance of being included in the sample is called:

A)simple random sampling
B)primary random sampling
C)primary sampling
D)stratified sampling

Question 48

Which of the following is an advantage of quota sampling over probability sampling?

A)lower cost
B)convenience
C)speed of data collection
D)all of the above

Question 49

When a researcher conducts personal interviews with 100 percent of the salespeople within his organization,this type of study is a type of ____________________ study.

Question 50

If a researcher for Procter & Gamble selects five states randomly,and then selects 10 supermarket chains within each of these states to call for a phone survey for a test market of a new shampoo,what type of sampling procedure is being used?

A)systematic sample
B)simple random sample
C)nonprobability sample
D)cluster sample

Question 51

Which type of nonprobability sampling technique is useful for certain types of forecasting?

A)convenience
B)judgment
C)cluster
D)stratified

Question 52

If a researcher wants to select 50 customers from a sampling frame of 250 customers who have purchased at least $10,000 worth of products from his company within the past six months using a systematic sampling technique,after a random start,the researcher should select every ____ name on the list.

A)20th
B)10th
C)5th
D)50th

Question 53

Which of the following is a nonprobability sampling technique in which an experienced individual selects the sample based on his or her judgment about some appropriate characteristics required of the sample member?

A)area sample
B)subjective sample
C)stratified sample
D)judgment sample

Question 54

When a local television station sends a crew to interview joggers in the city park on a beautiful spring day,this represents what type of sample?

A)cluster sample
B)multistage area sample
C)systematic sample
D)convenience sample

Question 55

Which of the following probability sampling technique is low cost and frequently used?

A)simple random
B)snowball
C)cluster
D)quota

Question 56

In which type of sampling is a subsample drawn using simple random sampling within each stratum?

A)cluster sampling
B)stratified sampling
C)systematic sampling
D)convenience sampling

Question 57

If a national political pollster selects ten states randomly,then randomly selects five counties within each state,then randomly selects five voting precincts within these counties,then randomly selects five blocks within these precincts,then randomly selects five households for door-to-door interviews about their voting intentions in the next Presidential election,this is an example of what type of sampling procedure?

A)simple random sample
B)multistage area sample
C)systematic sample
D)nonprobability sample

Question 58

When a marketing researcher wants to put together four focus groups of 18-24 year-old males who are "heavy downloaders of music" (defined as downloading 50 songs per month)and,instead of asking people at a shopping mall whether they download music from the Internet,he finds one person in the target market who qualifies,and then asks that person to suggest the names of two other males between the ages of 18-24 who download music so that the researcher can invite them to participate in the focus group,and then those people are each asked to suggest two others similar to themselves to participate in the focus group study,this procedure represents what type of sampling procedure?

A)stepwise sample
B)judgment sample
C)area sample
D)snowball sample

Question 59

When a researcher puts the name of each person on a sampling frame list on a 3" x 5" card,shuffles the cards thoroughly,and then selects 35 names from the top of the pile of cards for a phone interview study,this is an example of what type of sampling procedure?

A)judgment sample
B)simple random sample
C)stratified sample
D)area sample

Question 60

When a marketing vice-president tells the marketing department to schedule a test market in Dallas because he feels that this city is "typical" of the composition of the target market for a new product nationally,this is an example of what type of sample?

A)judgment sample
B)area sample
C)cluster sample
D)convenience sample

Question 61

When initial subjects are selected randomly and additional subjects are obtained from recommendations of names from the initial subjects,this is a(n)____________________ sampling technique.

Question 62

A combination of two or more probability sampling techniques is called a(n)____________________ sample.

Question 63

Explain reasons for taking a sample rather than a complete census.

Question 64

The difference between the results of a sample and the results of a census that is conducted with identical procedures is called ____________________ error.

Question 65

List the stages in the selection of a sample.

Question 66

A unit that is selected in the first of several stages of sampling is called the ____________________.

Question 67

Compare and contrast random sampling and systematic (nonsampling)errors.

Question 68

Writing the names of the students in a class on separate sheets of paper,shuffling them thoroughly,and then drawing five names "out of a hat," is a type of ____________________ sample.

Question 69

____________________ sampling is a nonprobability sampling procedure that ensures that various subgroups of a population will be represented on pertinent characteristics to the exact extent that the investigator desires.

Question 70

The sampling procedure of obtaining those people or units that are most conveniently available is called ____________________ sampling.

Question 71

When a research study has been poorly designed,it suffers from ____________________ error.

Question 72

Name and describe the types of probability sampling.

Question 73

When an Internet user gives permission to Southwest Airlines to e-mail him special price promotions as they are announced,the user has decided to ____________________ for this type of database communication.

Question 74

When subjects are selected for a research study using judgment sampling,this represents a type of ____________________ sampling procedure.

Question 75

Name and describe the types of nonprobability sampling.