Deck 6: Urinary System

Question 1

What is the medical term for the part of an organ where vessels and nerves enter and leave?

A)Hilum
B)Portal
C)Threshold
D)Terminal
E)Opening

Answer 1

Hilum

Question 2

What is the organ located on one side of the vertebral column, behind the peritoneum and the spleen and against the deep muscles of the back?

A)Right kidney
B)Pancreas
C)Ureter
D)Left kidney
E)Gallbladder

Answer 2

Left kidney

Question 3

An enzyme that causes vasoconstriction is _________________.

Answer 3

Renin
Explanation: Renin is an enzyme secreted by the kidney that causes vasoconstriction.

Question 4

What is the process by which excess water and waste products are removed from the blood?

A)Excretion
B)Digestion
C)Perfusion
D)Filtration
E)Reabsorption

Question 5

What is the term for the removal of metabolic waste?

A)Excretion
B)Excision
C)Extracorporal
D)Exophthalmos
E)Export

Question 6

What is the end product of nitrogen metabolism?

A)Ammonia
B)Urine
C)Urea
D)Nitrites
E)Nitrates

Question 7

Which of the following refers to the kidney?

A)Islets of Langerhans
B)McBurney point
C)Fowler position
D)Loop of Henle
E)von Wilhelm disease

Question 8

What does the suffix in the word nitrogenous mean?

A)Nitrogen
B)One who studies
C)Create
D)Pertaining to
E)Containing

Question 9

What does the root of the word nephrectomy refer to?

A)Removal of
B)Nephron
C)Kidney
D)Urine
E)Glomerulus

Question 10

This is produced when amino acid is broken down _____________________.

Question 11

In the term peritubular, what does the prefix mean?

A)Over
B)Within
C)Around
D)Under
E)Distant

Question 12

Outer layer of an organ is _______________________.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT considered metabolic waste?

A)Carbon dioxide
B)Water
C)Electrolytes
D)Amino acids
E)Nitrogenous compounds

Question 14

What does the root of the word renal mean?

A)Pertaining to
B)Kidney
C)Nephron
D)Filtration
E)Render in balanced

Question 15

What is the medical term for a plexus of capillaries in the nephron?

A)Hilum
B)Brachial plexus
C)Glomerulus
D)Arterioles
E)Bronchioles

Question 16

Which is NOT a function of the kidneys:

A)Filter blood to eliminate wastes
B)Regulate blood volume
C)Maintain homeostasis
D)Maintain cerebral spinal fluid
E)Secrete the hormone erythropoietin

Question 17

Which vessel carries waste-laden blood to the kidney?

A)Renal artery
B)Renal vein
C)Urethral artery
D)Urethral vein
E)Kidney artery

Question 18

The plural of the term cortex is:

A)Cortices
B)Cortexes
C)Corteces
D)Corti
E)Cortises

Question 19

The hollow sac that holds fluids is _____________________.

Question 20

The medical specialty that relates to diseases of the kidney is:

A)Cytology
B)Nephrology
C)Cystology
D)Histology
E)Renalology

Question 21

What does the suffix in the term urination mean?

A)Process
B)Elimination
C)Waste product
D)Pertaining to
E)Condition

Question 22

What does the root of the word permeable mean?

A)Pertaining to
B)Able
C)Process
D)Permanent
E)Pass through

Question 23

What is the mechanism by which urine is moved downwards toward the urinary bladder?

A)Capillary action
B)Valves along the length of the ureter
C)Muscular peristaltic waves
D)External muscles squeezing on the local structures
E)Free-water flush

Question 24

Which of the following terms has two prefixes?

A)Semipermeable
B)Reabsorption
C)Nephrectomy
D)Ammonia
E)Urination

Question 25

The external opening of a passage is called:

A)Meatus
B)Urethra
C)Ureter
D)Bladder
E)Trigone

Question 26

What does the prefix in the term extracorporeal mean?

A)Many
B)Additional
C)Around
D)Outside
E)Functional

Question 27

What is the correct spelling of the term that means inflammation of the canal leading from the bladder to the outside?

A)Uretritis
B)Ureteritis
C)Urethritis
D)Meatitis
E)Cystitis

Question 28

What is the correct spelling of the plural form of calculus?

A)Calculuses
B)Calculi
C)Calculum
D)Calculae
E)Calculie

Question 29

Dilation of pelvis and calyces of a kidney is:

A)Hydronephrosis
B)Pyelonephritis
C)Urethritis
D)Curettage
E)Atherosclerosis

Question 30

What is the medical term for the fluid and dissolved substances that are excreted by the kidney?

A)Exudates
B)Filtrate
C)Urine
D)Urea
E)Urate

Question 31

Where are nephrons located?

A)In the cortex
B)In the medulla
C)In the glomerulus
D)In the pelvis
E)In the loop of Henle

Question 32

Which of the following items is NOT found in the filtrate that enters the renal tubule?

A)Urea
B)Glucose
C)Electrolytes
D)Plasma proteins
E)Vitamins

Question 33

What is the medical term for the filtration unit of the kidney?

A)Pelvis
B)Calyx
C)Nephron
D)Medulla
E)Cortex

Question 34

What mechanism is used in the kidneys to regulate blood volume and pressure?

A)Excretion of urea
B)Filtration of blood
C)Elimination of water
D)Reabsorption of vitamins
E)Peristalsis in the urethra

Question 35

A small stone is a __________________.

Question 36

Which word has the Greek meaning of urinary canal?

A)Urine
B)Bladder
C)Urethra
D)Ureter
E)Catheter

Question 37

Approximately how many capillaries make up the glomerulus?

A)1000
B)750
C)3400
D)25
E)50

Question 38

What is the term for the funnel-shaped structure in the kidneys that forms into the ureter?

A)The urinary bladder
B)The renal pelvis
C)The nephron
D)The meatus
E)The Bowman's capsule

Question 39

What are the three regions of the kidney?

A)Cortex, medulla, and pelvis
B)Cortex, parietal lobes, and hilum
C)Medulla, nephron, and tubules
D)Pelvis, bladder, and urethra
E)Cortex, adenoma, and pelvis

Question 40

The _____________ is the name of the muscular tube that carries urine from the renal pelvis to the urinary bladder.

Question 41

What does the suffix in the term hydronephrosis mean?

A)Water
B)Nephron
C)Condition
D)Within
E)To remove

Question 42

Choose the correctly spelled medical term.

A)Micktutrition
B)mictrition
C)Micturition
D)Mickterition
E)micterition

Question 43

What does the suffix in the term nephroscope mean?

A)Kidney
B)Nephron
C)To view
D)Instrument
E)To discover

Question 44

What is the term for an instrument that generates sound waves?

A)Generator
B)Echogram
C)Lithotripter
D)Lithosounder
E)Tripsillator

Question 45

Proper pronunciation of the medical term lithotripsy is:

A)LITH-a-trip-cee
B)LITH-oh-trip-see
C)Lith-oh-trup-tee
D)Lith-OH-rip-cee
E)LITH-oh-TRIP-tee

Question 46

Which of the following abbreviations has no relation to the urinary system?

A)ER
B)CKD
C)UTI
D)CAPD
E)IVP

Question 47

What is a ureteroscope?

A)An instrument for viewing the inside of the ureter
B)An examination using fluoroscopy of the ureter
C)A process of injecting dye for viewing of the ureter
D)The examination of the ureter
E)An instrument for exploring the internal organ of the renal system

Question 48

What is the medical term that means characterized by intermittent contractions?

A)Spasmodic
B)Contractile
C)Peristalsis
D)Twitch
E)Labor

Question 49

When end-stage renal disease occurs, the kidneys are functioning at less than what percent of normal capacity?

A)10% less
B)25% less
C)5% less
D)40% less
E)50% less

Question 50

Micturition is the passage of urine, also described as ____________ or _____________.

Question 51

What is the probable cause of secondary hypertension?

A)Overproduction of glycogen
B)Underproduction of erythropoietin
C)Inhibition of angiotensin III
D)Overproduction of rennin
E)Osteoblastosis

Question 52

The usual treatment for pyelonephritis is:

A)Kidney biopsy
B)Antibiotic therapy
C)Chemotherapy
D)Hydrotherapy
E)Nephrectomy

Question 53

Crushing a renal stone by sound waves is:

A)Nephrolithiasis
B)Lithotomy
C)Calculectomy
D)Cholecystectomy
E)Lithotripsy

Question 54

A lesion located anywhere in the renal system can cause which of the following?

A)Urosepsis
B)Renal stones
C)Polyuria
D)Anuria
E)Hematuria

Question 55

What is the medical term for an incision for removal of a stone?

A)Nephrotomy
B)Nephrectomy
C)Lithonephrotomy
D)Lithectomy
E)Nephrolithotomy

Question 56

Which of the following minerals contributes to the formation of kidney stones?

A)Calcium chloride
B)Sodium chloride
C)Potassium sorbate
D)Calcium oxalate
E)Sodium hydroxide

Question 57

What does the root of the term reflux mean?

A)Stomach
B)Fluid
C)Remove
D)Go up and down
E)Flow

Question 58

Hypertension can cause what damaging effects on the kidney?

A)The artery becomes sclerotic
B)The renal tubules become contorted
C)The renal arterioles become thickened and narrowed
D)The Bowman's capsule becomes congested
E)The renal pelvis begins to fill with stones

Question 59

Which of the following is NOT a sign or symptom of acute renal failure?

A)Oliguria
B)Tinnitus
C)Anuria
D)The cessation of urine production by the kidney
E)A sharp decline in the production of urine

Question 60

Which medical term means blood in the urine?

A)Nephritis
B)Pyelonephritis
C)Incontinence
D)Hematuria
E)Dysuria

Question 61

What is the medical term for the artificial method of removing waste materials and excess fluid from the blood?

A)Filtration
B)Dialysis
C)Lavage
D)Curettage
E)Incision and drainage

Question 62

A glomerular disease with marked loss of protein is:

A)Hydronephrosis
B)Interstitial nephritis
C)Pyelonephritis
D)Nephritic syndrome
E)Encapsulitis

Question 63

What does the suffix in the word nephropathy mean?

A)Disease
B)The study of
C)The examination of
D)Kidney
E)To pass by

Question 64

In the term pyelonephritis, what does the word element pyel/o refer to?

A)Pelvis
B)Condition
C)Pus
D)Kidney
E)Infection

Question 65

The micturition reflex occurs when the bladder contains approximately how much urine?

A)150 milliliters
B)200 milliliters
C)10 ounces
D)150 liters
E)325 cubic centimeters

Question 66

The female urethra opens to the outside of the body in a location that is:

A)Posterior to the vagina
B)Distal to the labia
C)Superior to the clitoris
D)Anterior to the vagina
E)Posterior to the rectum

Question 67

In the term nephroblastoma, what does the word element -blast refer to?

A)Tumor
B)Expansion
C)To eliminate
D)To remove
E)Embryonic

Question 68

What is the name of the test in which contrast material is used to assess the blood flow to the kidney?

A)Ultrasound imaging
B)Cystoscopy
C)Renal angiogram
D)Retrograde pyelogram
E)Urinalysis

Question 69

The correct spelling of the term that refers to the complex of symptoms arising from renal failure is:

A)Uremia
B)Anuria
C)Urema
D)Anurea
E)Urotoxemia

Question 70

The medical term for scanty urine production is:

A)Oliguria
B)Polyuria
C)Anuria
D)Hematuria
E)Nocturia

Question 71

Involuntary micturition during sleep is called:

A)Micturition reflex
B)Detrusor muscle malfunction
C)Enuresis
D)Parasympathetic hypostimulation
E)Meatus

Question 72

Which hollow, muscular organ is located on the floor of t the pelvic cavity, posterior to the pubic symphysis?

A)Ureters
B)Sigmoid colon
C)Uterus
D)Urinary bladder
E)Appendix

Question 73

Which of the following is NOT a cause of acute renal failure?

A)Severe burns
B)Toxins
C)Diabetes
D)Blood disorders
E)Systemic infection

Question 74

A muscle that encircles a tube or orifice is:

A)Circumflex
B)A sphincter
C)Periorbital
D)Perisacral
E)A band

Question 75

Which of the following terms has a prefix that means between?

A)Periodontal
B)Proximal
C)Interstitial
D)Intramuscular
E)Adductor

Question 76

In microscopic hematuria, what does the urine look like?

A)Bright red
B)Yellow
C)Amber
D)Full of pus
E)Red-tinged

Question 77

An agent that increases urine output is a(n):

A)Antihistamine
B)Glycoside
C)Diuretic
D)Serotonin re-uptake inhibitor
E)Atropine

Question 78

What is the medical term for nitrogenous waste products in the blood?

A)Implant
B)Nitrourea
C)Azotemia
D)Urotoxic
E)Anuria

Question 79

What term, from the Latin, to empty, means to evacuate urine or feces?

A)Afferent
B)Efferent
C)Void
D)Reflex
E)Motor

Question 80

In the term diuresis, what does the suffix mean?

A)To filter
B)To encourage
C)To pass
D)Urine
E)Condition