Deck 21: America and the Great War Key

Question 1

In order to secure control of the Panama Canal zone,the United States

A) surrounded the canal site with a "Great White Fleet."
B) organized a trade embargo against Colombia.
C) purchased the land for the canal from Colombia.
D) carried out the overthrow of the president of Panama.
E) assisted a revolution in Panama.

Answer 1

assisted a revolution in Panama.

Question 2

The policy idea behind "Dollar Diplomacy" was to

A) reduce the deployment of troops from the United States to other nations.
B) create stable governments in less-developed nations.
C) extend investments and influence of the United States in less-developed regions.
D) financially reward Latin nations that supported the interests of the United States.
E) encourage other nations to peg their currency to the U.S. dollar.

Answer 2

extend investments and influence of the United States in less-developed regions.

Question 3

In the election of 1916,supporters of Woodrow Wilson

A) helped the president easily beat his Republican opponent.
B) called his Republican opponent a pacifist who would not act to save England.
C) felt betrayed when the president stated that the nation's entrance into the war was inevitable.
D) were anxious for the president to declare war before election day.
E) hinted that his Republican opponent would lead the nation into war.

Answer 3

hinted that his Republican opponent would lead the nation into war.

Question 4

The 1904 "Roosevelt Corollary"

A) stated that the U.S. had a right to intervene in the affairs of neighboring countries.
B) was created as a result of a military crisis in Cuba.
C) was invalidated by the Supreme Court during the Wilson administration.
D) stated that England and England alone was exempted from the Monroe Doctrine.
E) stated that neighboring countries had to adhere to U.S. policy in times of war.

Question 5

Prior to the United States' construction of the Panama Canal,

A) the French had tried but failed to build a canal at the same site.
B) no country had attempted to build a canal connecting the Atlantic with the Pacific.
C) the Germans had failed to build a canal at the same site.
D) the British had failed to build a canal across Costa Rica.
E) the United States had failed to build a canal across Nicaragua.

Question 6

In 1914-1915,the United States responded to a British naval blockade of Germany by

A) ending trade with all of Europe to maintain its neutrality.
B) defying the blockade and continuing to trade with Germany.
C) ending trade with Germany but continuing trade with Great Britain.
D) rerouting all trade with Germany through the Mediterranean.
E) ending trade with Great Britain to pressure it to lift the blockade.

Question 7

The diplomatic efforts of President Woodrow Wilson toward Latin America

A) were the product of considerable interest and experience in international affairs.
B) were similar to those of Theodore Roosevelt and William Howard Taft.
C) were decidedly non-expansionist.
D) curtailed the use of the military as a tool of diplomacy.
E) became known as the "good neighbor" policy.

Question 8

"Dollar Diplomacy" is associated primarily with the administration of

A) Warren Harding.
B) William Howard Taft.
C) Theodore Roosevelt.
D) Woodrow Wilson.
E) William McKinley.

Question 9

In 1914,when war erupted in Europe,President Woodrow Wilson

A) held secret diplomatic meetings with Great Britain.
B) declared that the "Triple Alliance" must be defeated.
C) called on the American public to be completely impartial.
D) expressed sympathy for Germany.
E) brokered separate peace treaties with both sides of the conflict.

Question 10

In his dealings with Pancho Villa,President Woodrow Wilson

A) eventually released Villa in order to smooth relations with the Carranza government.
B) ordered a military expedition into Mexico to capture Villa.
C) saw American troops capture Villa and bring him to the United States.
D) All these answers are correct.
E) both ordered a military expedition into Mexico to capture Villa, and eventually released Villa in order to smooth relations with the Carranza government.

Question 11

In the fall of 1915,President Woodrow Wilson

A) was firmly rooted within the peace faction of the Democratic Party.
B) stated that the United States was likely to enter the war within a year.
C) sent Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan to broker a peace settlement.
D) ordered American troops to staging camps in England.
E) began to support a rapid increase of the nation's armed forces.

Question 12

In 1914,the "Triple Entente" consisted of

A) Italy, France, and Russia.
B) Germany, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and Italy.
C) Great Britain, France, and Russia.
D) Germany, Italy, and Japan.
E) Great Britain, France, and the United States.

Question 13

As part of his Asian diplomacy,President Theodore Roosevelt

A) All these answers are correct.
B) signed a secret agreement with Japan to ensure continued American trade in Asia.
C) sent a fleet of battleships to Japan as a show of American military power.
D) both signed a secret agreement with Japan to ensure continued American trade in Asia, and sent a fleet of battleships to Japan as a show of American military power.
E) mediated a peace conference between Russia and Japan in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, in 1905.

Question 14

In the aftermath of the sinking of the British passenger liner Lusitania,

A) Great Britain began an intensive campaign to build a submarine fleet.
B) Germany pledged to the United States it would not repeat such an action.
C) President Wilson prohibited Americans from traveling to Europe.
D) the United States declared war on Germany.
E) the United States began leasing its submarines to Great Britain.

Question 15

President Theodore Roosevelt's policies,in regard to Asia,were intended

A) to favor Japan.
B) to favor China.
C) to prevent both China and Russia from becoming dominant there.
D) to favor Russia.
E) to secure American dominance there.

Question 16

In the early twentieth century,the United States' actions toward Mexico included

A) both encouraging an overthrow of the Madero government and refusing to formally recognize the Huerta government.
B) sending an American expeditionary force across the border into Mexico.
C) encouraging an overthrow of the Madero government.
D) All these answers are correct.
E) a refusal to formally recognize the Huerta government.

Question 17

The so-called "Zimmermann telegram"

A) was intercepted by agents working for the United States.
B) revealed that Germans were attempting to foment a race riot in the American South.
C) revealed plans by Germany to expand the use of its submarine fleet.
D) included a proposal for the return of the American Southwest to Mexico.
E) helped weaken public support in the United States for war.

Question 18

President Theodore Roosevelt defined "civilized" and "uncivilized" nations on the basis of

A) both race and economic development.
B) race.
C) economic development.
D) literary achievements.
E) All these answers are correct.

Question 19

The immediate spark for hostilities in Europe in 1914 was

A) the assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand.
B) a struggle between European powers for control of the international diamond trade.
C) the sinking of the British passenger liner Lusitania.
D) the death of Otto von Bismarck in Germany.
E) the German invasion of Poland.

Question 20

After the conflict between Russia and Japan in 1904-1905,

A) relations between Japan and the Roosevelt administration steadily improved.
B) the Russian government collapsed.
C) President Roosevelt sent a fleet of ships around the world, including to Japan, as a show of force.
D) the Japanese military presence in the Pacific declined.
E) President Roosevelt negotiated a secret free trade agreement with Russia.

Question 21

During World War I,the Council of National Defense eventually organized the national economy by creating

A) state militias.
B) local defense councils.
C) nonprofit donation organizations.
D) congressional district war tax zones.
E) volunteer donation centers.

Question 22

American casualties in World War I

A) numbered approximately 60,000.
B) were very low in all battles that U.S. troops participated in.
C) were comparable in number to those of the European powers.
D) were as likely to be from disease as from combat.
E) numbered approximately 350,000.

Question 23

During World War I,airplanes were used for all of the following EXCEPT

A) reconnaissance.
B) "dogfights."
C) bombing the enemy.
D) attacking other aircraft.
E) transporting troops.

Question 24

During World War I,technologically-advanced submarines used engines powered by

A) coal.
B) gasoline.
C) electricity.
D) diesel.
E) steam.

Question 25

During World War I,the War Industries Board (WIB)

A) coordinated government purchases of military supplies.
B) All these answers are correct.
C) was seen as a model for rational organization when led by Herbert Hoover.
D) was plagued by mismanagement and inefficiencies under Bernard Baruch.
E) saw itself as an adversary of individual businesses.

Question 26

During World War I,extensive systems of trenches were used by both sides

A) because trenches prevented tanks from reaching the soldiers' positions.
B) both because the destructive power of weapons meant soldiers could not live in the open field, and because trenches prevented tanks from reaching the soldiers' positions.
C) because newly improved weaponry made conventional field battles too destructive.
D) because soldiers were safer from poisonous mustard gas closer to the ground.
E) None of these answers is correct.

Question 27

In World War I,the American Expeditionary Force was commanded by

A) John J. Pershing.
B) George Marshall.
C) Leonard Wood.
D) Arthur MacArthur.
E) George Patton.

Question 28

The country that lost the greatest number of lives in World War I was

A) Russia.
B) Italy.
C) Germany.
D) Great Britain.
E) France.

Question 29

During World War I,the United States government primarily financed the war through

A) public bond sales and new taxes.
B) currency inflation and the sale of gold reserves.
C) private business and banking loans.
D) foreign loans and the printing of new currency.
E) deficit spending and currency manipulation.

Question 30

President Woodrow Wilson's "Fourteen Points" included

A) an international agreement to "outlaw war."
B) recognition of independence for all imperial colonies.
C) the division of postwar Germany into two countries.
D) a ban on the production of armaments.
E) an end to secret treaties.

Question 31

The Selective Service Act in the United States

A) drafted far fewer men than those who volunteered for military duty.
B) gave the government, for the first time, the authority to draft citizens for military duty.
C) brought nearly 300,000 men into the army.
D) was supported by President Woodrow Wilson.
E) was enacted during the last months of World War I.

Question 32

In March 1917,the United States moved closer to entering the Great War after

A) a German offensive threatened to capture Moscow.
B) Mexico agreed to a military alliance with Germany.
C) Russia asked the Allies to call for an armistice.
D) German U-boats torpedoed three American ships.
E) the Bolsheviks came to power in Russia.

Question 33

After the United States entered World War I,

A) All these answers are correct.
B) the playing of German music was banned in many American communities.
C) most German Americans supported the American war effort.
D) German books were removed from many American schools and libraries.
E) sauerkraut in the U.S. was renamed "liberty cabbage."

Question 34

In 1918,President Wilson's "Fourteen Points" received significant political support from

A) None of these answers is correct.
B) the French government.
C) both the British and French governments.
D) the British government.
E) the United States Senate.

Question 35

As the United States entered World War I,its most immediate military effect was in

A) the Atlantic Ocean.
B) western Europe.
C) eastern Europe.
D) the Far East.
E) north Africa.

Question 36

President Woodrow Wilson's request to Congress for a declaration of war

A) was passed without a dissenting vote.
B) called on the United States' responsibility to help secure a future of peace, justice, and self-governance.
C) came before Germany took any military action against the United States.
D) was supported by Republicans but opposed by most in Wilson's own party.
E) was nearly voted down in the Senate.

Question 37

The Sabotage Act and the Sedition Act of 1918

A) eliminated jury trials for anyone charged under these laws.
B) were rarely if ever enforced by the Wilson administration.
C) made illegal any public expression opposing the war.
D) were created after the Supreme Court invalidated the Espionage Act of 1917.
E) were most frequently directed at German Americans.

Question 38

Which of the following did the National War Labor Board,established in 1918,NOT grant to American workers?

A) equal pay to women for equal work
B) collective bargaining rights
C) an eight-hour work day
D) maintenance of minimal living standards
E) recognition of the right to strike

Question 39

In the United States during World War I,the Committee on Public Information (CPI)

A) became a haven for pacifists and conscientious objectors.
B) criticized the federal government's reporting of the war.
C) was led by a panel of American military officers.
D) established strict rules of censorship for journalists reporting on the war.
E) became increasingly sensationalist in its information campaign.

Question 40

During World War I,the new technologies of warfare

A) allowed the attack of the enemy without direct combat.
B) created logistical supply problems, which slowed many offensives.
C) All these answers are correct.
D) were largely responsible for the appalling level of casualties.
E) both created logistical problems, which slowed many offensives, and allowed the attack of the enemy without direct combat.

Question 41

In 1919,all of the following figures were at the Paris Peace Conference EXCEPT

A) Vittorio Orlando of Italy.
B) Georges Clemenceau of France.
C) Woodrow Wilson of the United States.
D) David Lloyd George of Great Britain.
E) Alexander Kerensky of Russia.

Question 42

Immediately following World War I,the American economy

A) was marked by a continuing labor shortage.
B) boomed for many months.
C) fell into a protracted recession.
D) saw prices plunge.
E) fell into a deflationary spiral.

Question 43

Regarding the Treaty of Versailles,the United States Senate decided in 1919 to

A) not ratify it.
B) ratify it after Democrats accepted the Republican "reservations."
C) ratify it only after Article X was struck from the treaty.
D) ratify it without change.
E) ratify it with the change that the United States would not join the League of Nations.

Question 44

In 1919,the Red Scare in the United States

A) led to government raids that uncovered large caches of weapons.
B) was generally opposed by universities and other academic institutions.
C) was partly motivated by a series of bombings.
D) saw more than 6,000 people deported from the country.
E) saw the arrest of several major government figures.

Question 45

The election of 1920 saw

A)the Democratic Party distance itself from the politics of Woodrow Wilson.
B)Franklin D.Roosevelt serve as vice president on the Republican ticket.
C)Republicans maintain their two decades of control of the White House.
D)voters turn away from idealism and toward "normalcy."
E)Warren G.Harding narrowly defeat Al Smith.

Question 46

When President Woodrow Wilson presented the Treaty of Versailles to the Senate,

A) he was willing to compromise on the language of the treaty but not its major points.
B) the American public clearly supported its ratification.
C) he refused to appeal to the public, believing the treaty should stand on its merits alone.
D) most so-called "irreconcilable" senators favored it in principle.
E) he found a close ally in the Senate Foreign Relations Committee chairman, Henry Cabot Lodge.

Question 47

As a result of the service of African American soldiers in World War I,

A) public attitudes on race were significantly altered.
B) the country saw a general improvement in race relations.
C) activism by blacks for their rights increased.
D) the federal government integrated the armed forces.
E) northern black factory workers were able to keep their jobs when white veterans returned.

Question 48

In 1920,Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti

A) both admitted they were anarchists and drew widespread support from the public.
B) were convicted of murder.
C) drew widespread support from the public.
D) admitted they were anarchists.
E) All these answers are correct.

Question 49

President Taft's "Dollar Diplomacy" brought stability to Latin America.

Question 50

Marcus Garvey

A) called on African Americans to reject capitalism.
B) argued that America, not Africa, was now the blacks' true home.
C) encouraged African Americans to reject assimilation into white society.
D) urged African Americans to move out of the South.
E) saw his movement and influence decline in the early 1920s.

Question 51

In 1919,American labor unrest saw

A) All these answers are correct.
B) a major steel strike resolved in favor of the workers.
C) a general strike in Seattle that brought the city to a standstill.
D) the public generally support unions.
E) Governor Calvin Coolidge attract national acclaim for his support of labor.

Question 52

The most prominent exponent of black nationalism following World War I was

A)Claude McKay.
B)Marcus Garvey.
C)Booker T.Washington.
D)W.E.B.Du Bois.
E)Malcolm X.

Question 53

In 1918,President Woodrow Wilson antagonized many Republicans

A) All these answers are correct.
B) when he tied support of his peace plans to the midterm elections.
C) both when he tied support of his peace plans to the midterm elections and when he pushed for the election of Democrats to Congress.
D) when he refused to put prominent Republicans on the peace conference negotiating team.
E) when he pushed for the election of Democrats to Congress.

Question 54

In 1920,passage of the Nineteenth Amendment

A) gave women the right to vote.
B) disallowed Woodrow Wilson from running for a third term.
C) marked the beginning of a new era in progressive reform.
D) required the direct election of senators.
E) outlawed the production, sale, and consumption of alcohol.

Question 55

In his dealings with Mexico,President Wilson often ignored Mexican sovereignty.

Question 56

In his diplomacy,President Wilson approached Latin America in a way that was very similar to the approach of presidents Roosevelt and Taft.

Question 57

In 1919,President Woodrow Wilson believed the Paris Peace Conference treaty

A) should have placed large reparations on the defeated Central Powers.
B) had ended colonialism.
C) agreed with most of his Fourteen Points.
D) was a success because of the acceptance of the League of Nations.
E) was a complete and utter failure.

Question 58

During the Red Scare of 1919,Attorney General A.Mitchell Palmer

A)founded the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
B)argued for moderation and a cooling-off period.
C)argued for moderation and a cooling-off period,but at the same time oversaw the deportation of 6,000 people.
D)oversaw the deportation of 6,000 people.
E)None of these answers is correct.

Question 59

In 1919,the racial climate in the United States

A) generally stayed the same as it had been before the war.
B) worsened in both the North and South.
C) improved in both the North and South.
D) worsened in the South but not in the North.
E) improved in the North but not in the South.

Question 60

During the last eighteen months of Woodrow Wilson's presidency

A) he became more pragmatic and willing to compromise.
B) there was growing public sentiment for Wilson to step down from power.
C) he was essentially an invalid.
D) his vice president, Thomas Marshall, essentially ran the White House.
E) his mental health was stable but his physical health was very poor.

Question 61

In early 1915,virtually the entire European continent was at war after the assassination of an Austrian archduke provided the spark to hostilities on the continent.

Question 62

President Wilson refused to consider any Republican amendments or reservations to the Treaty of Versailles.

Question 63

Would the foreign policies of Theodore Roosevelt be effective today?

Question 64

When the United States entered World War I,Germany was near defeat.

Question 65

The Zimmermann telegram proposed an alliance between Mexico and Germany against the United States.

Question 66

The Red Scare was primarily the result of anti-radical actions by various state governments.

Question 67

The majority of American soldiers who fought in World War I were volunteers.

Question 68

President Wilson's "Fourteen Points" did not at first include a call for a League of Nations.

Question 69

In 1918,more than 1,500 people were arrested for criticizing the government.

Question 70

The War Industries Board,which coordinated government purchases of military supplies,was headed by Herbert Hoover.

Question 71

Why was Theodore Roosevelt so suited to be an activist foreign policy president? How did he carry out that activism,and what were the results?

Question 72

Passage of the Nineteenth Amendment,granting women the right to vote,marked the beginning of a new era of progressive reform.

Question 73

The United States financed World War I solely through public bond sales.

Question 74

Between 1914 and 1916,the United States gradually transformed itself from a neutral country into an arsenal of the Allies.

Question 75

Marcus Garvey called for blacks to reject capitalism.

Question 76

The American response to the war in Europe was to accept the British blockade of Germany and continue trading with Great Britain.

Question 77

The new Bolshevik government of Russia was not a participant in the Paris Peace Conference.

Question 78

The wild acclaim given by the European public to President Wilson allowed him to dominate the terms of the Paris Peace Conference.

Question 79

Most industrial laborers were required to work longer hours during World War I.

Question 80

One of the most important social changes of the war years was the migration of hundreds of thousands of African Americans from the rural South to California to work in defense plants and shipyards.This became known as the "Great Migration."