Deck 9: Jacksonian America Key

Question 1

Today,the oldest political party in the United States is the

A) Democratic Party.
B) Libertarian Party.
C) Socialist Party.
D) Green Party.
E) Republican Party.

Answer 1

Democratic Party.

Question 2

As president,Andrew Jackson believed the power of the federal government

A) should be expanded.
B) should be reduced.
C) should be reduced, and yet was supreme over individual states.
D) should be expanded and was supreme over individual states.
E) was supreme over individual states.

Answer 2

should be reduced, and yet was supreme over individual states.

Question 3

In the years after the War of 1812,support for the idea of political parties was greatest in

A) New Jersey.
B) New York.
C) Rhode Island.
D) Virginia.
E) Pennsylvania.

Answer 3

New York.

Question 4

In his doctrine of nullification,John C.Calhoun argued that

A)states were the final authority on the constitutionality of federal laws.
B)a state could not impose tariffs and levies on goods made in a neighboring state.
C)there should not be a federal court system.
D)states,not Congress,should ratify amendments to the Constitution.
E)all laws related to a state's economic development should come from that state.

Question 5

By 1828,in all but one state,presidential electors were chosen by

A) state legislatures.
B) state governors.
C) Congress.
D) popular vote.
E) lottery.

Question 6

By the 1830s,political parties were generally regarded as

A) a desired and essential part of the democratic process.
B) an aberration.
C) unnecessary to the political process.
D) being in the control of special interest factions.
E) a dangerous threat to the democratic process.

Question 7

When John C.Calhoun put forth his doctrine of nullification,he was

A)a senator.
B)secretary of state.
C)a congressman.
D)vice president.
E)governor of South Carolina.

Question 8

President Andrew Jackson sought to apply his democratic principles by first targeting

A) the southern planter class.
B) his Whig opponents.
C) the wealthy New England aristocracy.
D) the Five Civilized Tribes.
E) federal officeholders.

Question 9

The political significance of Peggy Eaton on Andrew Jackson's administration was that

A)the political strength of President Jackson was weakened.
B)John Eaton's ties with the administration were strengthened.
C)it encouraged Jackson to liberalize the nation's divorce and coverture laws.
D)the presidential aspirations of John C.Calhoun were likely ended.
E)Martin Van Buren had a political falling-out with President Jackson.

Question 10

The lawyer and activist who led the campaign to expand voting rights in Rhode Island was

A) Amos Kendall.
B) Thomas Dorr.
C) Roger Taney.
D) Daniel Webster.
E) Joseph Story.

Question 11

The Daniel Webster-Robert Hayne debate of 1830 was begun by a political dispute over

A) the value of the two-party system.
B) the sale of public land.
C) slavery.
D) trade with England.
E) relations with Indian tribes.

Question 12

The "spoils system" refers to

A) giving out jobs as political rewards.
B) the destruction of land by overly aggressive settlement.
C) making illegal payoffs to political supporters.
D) giving away land taken from Indians to white settlers.
E) parceling out federal land to the highest bidder.

Question 13

Who of the following saw his close ties and great influence with President Jackson grow stronger as a result of the Peggy Eaton affair?

A)Isaac Hill
B)John C.Calhoun
C)Francis Blair
D)DeWitt Clinton
E)Martin Van Buren

Question 14

In 1832,supporters of President Jackson held a national convention in order to

A) bring more public attention to their candidate.
B) have greater control of the nominating process.
C) shore up Jackson's shaky support among voters in the Northeast.
D) renominate him for the presidency.
E) force the opposition to make their case in public.

Question 15

Senator Robert Hayne represented the state of

A) New York.
B) Ohio.
C) Virginia.
D) South Carolina.
E) Pennsylvania.

Question 16

John C.Calhoun developed his doctrine of nullification by drawing ideas from the

A)Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions.
B)United States Constitution and the Missouri Compromise.
C)United States Constitution.
D)ideas of Madison and Jefferson,along with the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution.
E)Missouri Compromise.

Question 17

According to Andrew Jackson's theory of democracy,

A) all white Americans should eventually be given the vote.
B) there should be one national political party.
C) all white male citizens should be treated equally.
D) slavery should not extend into the West.
E) the South and West deserved special privileges as growing areas.

Question 18

In the 1820s,John C.Calhoun proposed his doctrine of nullification

A)as a means to end the national bank.
B)to reduce the political power of Andrew Jackson.
C)as an alternative to possible secession.
D)to support trade tariffs.
E)to counter the growing influence of abolitionism in the North.

Question 19

In 1840,efforts to expand voting rights in Rhode Island resulted in

A) new laws that actually further restricted voting rights.
B) federal troops occupying the state capital for two years.
C) female and black male suffrage for a brief period of time.
D) an effort within the state to secede from the Union.
E) two governments claiming control of the state.

Question 20

Which statement regarding the American electorate during the 1820s is true?

A) Changes in voting rights first occurred in New England states and then spread west.
B) Married white women had the right to vote but could not hold elected office.
C) Older states began to expand their property ownership requirements.
D) The right to vote was expanded to include many more white males.
E) The right to vote was restricted to property owners.

Question 21

As a result of the U.S.government's Indian policy in the 1830s and 1840s,

A) all Indian tribes were forced to intermingle on one large reservation.
B) new federal attempts were made to assimilate Indian tribes into white society.
C) the United States gained control of ten million acres of Indian lands.
D) violence between white Americans and Indian tribes ended.
E) nearly all American Indian societies were removed to west of the Mississippi.

Question 22

President Andrew Jackson's success in abolishing the Bank of the United States

A)led the nation into a period of long economic decline.
B)caused serious political damage to his administration.
C)led him to lose the political support of Roger B.Taney.
D)seriously damaged his support within the Democratic Party.
E)left the nation with an unstable banking system for many years.

Question 23

Which of the following statements regarding the Bank of the United States is FALSE?

A) President Jackson went through several secretaries of the treasury before finding one who would help him weaken the bank.
B) President Jackson ordered the Bank closed before the expiration of its charter.
C) The controversy over the Bank became the leading issue in the 1832 election.
D) The charter of the Bank was due to expire in 1836.
E) Nicholas Biddle had the support of Daniel Webster and Henry Clay.

Question 24

Jacksonian Democrats

A) None of these answers is correct.
B) praised President Jackson as "King Andrew I."
C) were strongest among the more substantial merchants and manufacturers of the Northeast.
D) praised President Jackson as "King Andrew I," were strongest among the more substantial merchants and manufacturers of the Northeast, and faced little political opposition by the mid-1830s.
E) faced little political opposition by the mid-1830s.

Question 25

Of the "Five Civilized Tribes," the tribe that best resisted the pressures of removal was the

A) Seminole.
B) Chickasaw.
C) Cherokee.
D) Creek.
E) Choctaw.

Question 26

In 1832,Henry Clay sought to use the debate over the Bank of the United States primarily to

A) help his reelection to the Senate.
B) boost his presidential candidacy.
C) promote his "American System."
D) exact revenge on Nicholas Biddle for a perceived slight.
E) politically embarrass President Jackson.

Question 27

The first of the "Five Civilized Tribes" to be removed to the West,beginning in 1830,was the

A) Seminole.
B) Chickasaw.
C) Creek.
D) Choctaw.
E) Cherokee.

Question 28

In an attempt to end the nullification crisis,President Andrew Jackson in 1833

A)threatened to arrest supporters of nullification.
B)authorized the use of military force to see the acts of Congress were obeyed.
C)acceded to John C.Calhoun's demands.
D)agreed to give a larger share of federal authority to the states.
E)raised the "tariff of abominations."

Question 29

The Supreme Court ruling in Charles River Bridge v.Warren Bridge (1837)

A)continued the constitutional interpretation set forth by John Marshall.
B)affirmed the inviolability of contracts.
C)outraged supporters of Andrew Jackson.
D)reflected Jacksonian ideas of democracy and economic opportunity.
E)was a victory for federal authority.

Question 30

In the debate over the Bank of the United States,President Andrew Jackson agreed with

A) both "soft-money" and "hard-money" advocates.
B) None of these answers is correct.
C) Henry Clay.
D) the "hard-money" advocates.
E) the "soft-money" advocates.

Question 31

In the 1830s,the Bank of the United States was opposed by

A) both "soft-money" advocates and "hard-money" advocates.
B) "hard-money" advocates.
C) Henry Clay.
D) None of these answers is correct.
E) "soft-money" advocates.

Question 32

In 1830,what political figure said,"Our Federal Union-It must be preserved"?

A)Andrew Jackson
B)John C.Calhoun
C)Henry Clay
D)Robert Hayne
E)Daniel Webster

Question 33

In 1830,President Andrew Jackson vetoed a federal subsidy to the proposed Maysville Road,because

A) he thought it would upset the balance created by the Missouri Compromise nine years earlier.
B) the road was not a part of any system of interstate commerce.
C) the subsidy was to be paid-for out of tariff revenue, which he opposed.
D) he thought the proposal might jeopardize his bid for reelection.
E) he sought to demonstrate his presidential power at a time when it was being questioned.

Question 34

The policy most favored by white westerners during the early 1800s was to

A) protect Indians from attacks by white settlers.
B) acquire the land occupied by Indian tribes and move the Indians west.
C) assimilate Indian tribes into white society.
D) spread the Christian faith among the tribes.
E) preserve disappearing Indian traditions and culture.

Question 35

The "Trail of Tears" traveled by the Cherokees led them to the area that later became

A) Missouri.
B) New Mexico.
C) Oklahoma.
D) Nevada.
E) Texas.

Question 36

In 1830,what political figure said,"The Union,next to our liberty most dear"?

A)Daniel Webster
B)Henry Clay
C)Robert Hayne
D)Andrew Jackson
E)John C.Calhoun

Question 37

In the 1830 Daniel Webster-Robert Hayne debate,Webster considered Hayne's arguments to be an attack on

A) the institution of slavery.
B) the nation's tariff policies.
C) President Jackson's leadership.
D) free states.
E) the integrity of the Union.

Question 38

The Black Hawk War

A) was notable for vicious behavior by the American military.
B) constituted a major, although temporary, Indian victory.
C) resulted in the removal of the Five Civilized Tribes to the West.
D) was sparked by the kidnapping of the leader of the Fox Indians.
E) occurred in New England and upstate New York.

Question 39

In the 1820s,under Nicholas Biddle,the Bank of the United States

A) had to borrow credit from state banks to stay afloat.
B) restricted credit to growing enterprises.
C) was financially sound and profitable.
D) exercised little influence on state banks.
E) prohibited the existence of state banks.

Question 40

Although the Supreme Court found in favor of the Cherokee tribes in Cherokee Nation v.Georgia and Worcester v.Georgia,President Jackson decided

A) the entire process of the removal of the Indians was unconstitutional.
B) the Court could not enforce the order.
C) the Cherokee had no right to file a legal claim in U.S. courts.
D) that the Cherokee tribes could only be removed if they were properly compensated.
E) that Georgia could remove the Cherokee tribes if it served the "public good."

Question 41

Which statement about the 1842 Webster-Ashburton Treaty is FALSE?

A) It included an American pledge not to allow slave ships to land at British ports.
B) It included a British pledge not to interfere with American ships.
C) It significantly improved Anglo-American relations.
D) It resulted in more than half the disputed territory being added to the United States.
E) It settled the Aroostook War.

Question 42

The Whig Party was LEAST successful at

A) defining its political position.
B) uniting behind a strong national leader.
C) connecting with evangelical Protestants.
D) attracting a loyal constituency of voters.
E) competing against Democrats in local, state, and congressional races.

Question 43

The so-called Locofocos of the 1830s were

A) southern slaveholders.
B) defenders of monopolies.
C) radical abolitionists.
D) radical Democrats.
E) western farmers.

Question 44

President Martin Van Buren's "subtreasury" system

A) quickly failed.
B) created a new national bank.
C) did not pass until his successor's administration.
D) never became law.
E) consisted of a controversial, new financial system to replace the Bank of the United States.

Question 45

As president,John Tyler

A)was a Whig who had once been a Democrat.
B)forced John C.Calhoun out of his cabinet.
C)considered Andrew Jackson to be his political role model.
D)approved several internal improvement bills.
E)favored the recharter of the Bank of the United States.

Question 46

What proved to be a serious liability to Henry Clay's presidential ambitions?

A) his close connection with the Bank of the United States
B) his identification with the West
C) his program for internal improvements
D) his reliance on the wealthy for political support
E) his public drunkenness

Question 47

In 1836,Congress passed a "distribution" act that required the federal government to

A) disperse its surplus funds to the states.
B) parcel out Indian land to the states.
C) apply a higher tax to foreign bondholders.
D) make pension payments to veterans of the War of 1812.
E) reward loyal Democrats with government jobs.

Question 48

The political philosophy of Whigs

A) celebrated "honest workers" and "simple farmers."
B) encouraged the rapid western expansion of the nation.
C) opposed industrialism as a source of concentrated wealth.
D) allied the party with the abolition movement.
E) favored expanding the power of the federal government.

Question 49

Who among the following was NOT a leading Whig at some point during his political career?

A)Daniel Webster
B)Henry Clay
C)John C.Calhoun
D)Martin Van Buren
E)None of these answers is correct,as each was at some point a leading Whig.

Question 50

In the 1830s,Democrats were more likely than Whigs to support

A) established wealth.
B) the chartering of banks and corporations.
C) territorial expansion.
D) federally supported internal improvements.
E) the abolition of slavery.

Question 51

In 1841,the British government

A) briefly declared war on American shipping in response to the Creole mutiny.
B) returned mutinous slaves from the Creole to Virginia, at the request of President Tyler.
C) seized the Creole because it carried slaves.
D) refused to trade with American shipping companies that carried slaves.
E) supported the rights and freedom of mutinous slaves on the Creole.

Question 52

During the 1830s,evangelical Protestants tended to support

A) Masons.
B) Irish immigrants.
C) Democrats.
D) Whigs.
E) German immigrants.

Question 53

Martin Van Buren won the presidency in 1836 because

A) land speculation had been reduced under President Andrew Jackson.
B) he was more popular with the public than Andrew Jackson.
C) his opponent openly advocated ending removal of the Indians.
D) federal spending had supported an economic boom.
E) the political opposition offered multiple candidates.

Question 54

More people gained the right to vote in the 1830s,but requirements for voters to own property remained in place.

Question 55

The presidential election campaign of 1840 saw

A) William Henry Harrison serve as the Democratic candidate.
B) Henry Clay chosen as the Whig presidential candidate.
C) the first influence of the "penny press" in politics.
D) the emergence of the Republican Party.
E) Martin Van Buren drop out of the presidential race.

Question 56

The "age of Jackson" was less a triumph for the common man than conservatives feared.

Question 57

Of the following groups,support for the Whigs was weakest among

A) substantial New England manufacturers.
B) evangelical Protestants.
C) wealthy southern planters.
D) aristocratic Americans.
E) small western farmers.

Question 58

In 1836,President Andrew Jackson's "specie circular"

A) was of considerable political benefit to Martin Van Buren.
B) required foreigners doing business in the United States to pay their debts in hard currency.
C) caused a significant rise in prices, especially the price of land.
D) was defeated by Congress.
E) resulted in a severe financial panic.

Question 59

In the 1820s,Whig support for the Anti-Mason Party demonstrated

A) the desire of the party to attract the largest possible number of voters.
B) the intention of the party to refrain from political mud-slinging.
C) None of these answers is correct.
D) their conviction that Masonry encouraged radical egalitarianism.
E) the desire of the party to attract the largest possible number of voters, and the party's intention to refrain from political mud-slinging.

Question 60

William Henry Harrison

A) was a Republican.
B) died before he took office.
C) was a renowned soldier and popular national figure.
D) was, in 1840, the youngest man to win the presidency.
E) was a simple frontiersman with little money or resources to his name.

Question 61

In the Black Hawk War,white forces attacked Indians as they surrendered and retreated.

Question 62

The Whigs were more concerned with their political philosophy than with winning elections.

Question 63

During the Jacksonian era,free blacks could not vote at all in the South and could hardly vote anywhere in the North.

Question 64

Andrew Jackson believed a strong federal government would lead to a strong democracy.

Question 65

John Tyler saw every cabinet member but one resign together from his administration.

Question 66

The Panic of 1837 began the worst American depression to that point.

Question 67

In 1840,the proportion of adult white males who voted in the presidential election had risen to 80 percent.

Question 68

In the 1830s,as a result of removal policies,the United States gained control of more than 100 million acres of Indian lands.

Question 69

President Jackson sought to remove all of the eastern Indian tribes except the "Five Civilized Tribes."

Question 70

Calhoun's defense of his doctrine of nullification was directed primarily at the issue of tariffs.

Question 71

What changes in the political process occurred during the 1820s that support the claim that American democracy was on the rise?

Question 72

During the Jacksonian period,political parties were regarded as a threat to democracy.

Question 73

President Jackson considered those who favored nullification to be traitors.

Question 74

The Dorr Rebellion was generally consistent with Jacksonian principles.

Question 75

As Andrew Jackson's vice president,John
C. Calhoun became a strong Jackson opponent.

Question 76

The "penny press" was more lively and sensationalistic than previous newspapers.

Question 77

National political conventions were introduced during the Jacksonian period in order to expand the democratic process.

Question 78

In 1840 the Whigs elected a president for the first time.

Question 79

In Cherokee Nation v.Georgia,the Supreme Court ruled against the Indian tribe.

Question 80

During the Tyler administration,the United States established diplomatic relations with China.