Deck 13: Sexuality

Question 1

Which of the following statements can accurately describe Bem's theory of the development of sexual orientation,with specific reference to homosexuality?

A)Children who have a biological tendency to be gender-nonconforming tend to have opposite-sex playmates,and thus later develop an attraction to persons of their own sex.
B)People who inherit a biological tendency to have a homosexual orientation typically reveal this before puberty through gender-nonconforming behavior and preference for opposite-sex playmates.
C)Children who prefer to have playmates of the same sex are actually more likely to develop gender-nonconforming behavior and (after puberty)a homosexual orientation.
D)People who have a homosexual orientation tend to think that they were gender-nonconforming as children,but research data indicates that they generally were not.
E)Children whose parents discourage gender-nonconforming behavior are more likely to develop a homosexual orientation.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following is most clearly implied by findings from twin studies in several countries on the heritability of sexual orientation?

A)Homosexuality is more strongly heritable (and less influenced by the common environment)for women than for men.
B)Homosexuality is more strongly heritable (and less influenced by the common environment)for men than for women.
C)Homosexuality is equally heritable (and equally influenced by the common environment)for men and for women.
D)A is true among younger adults (under age 25),but B is true among older adults.
E)A is true among older adults (age 25 and older),but B is true among younger adults.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Some research studies have compared men and women in terms of the extent to which their sexual fantasies and attractions are heterosexual or homosexual.Which of the following summarizes the findings for men's fantasies and attractions,compared with those of women?

A)Men are more likely than women to be entirely homosexual,and also more likely to be partly homosexual.
B)Men are more likely than women to be entirely homosexual,and about equally likely to be partly homosexual.
C)Men are more likely than women to be entirely homosexual,but less likely to be partly homosexual.
D)Men are less likely than women to be entirely homosexual,and also less likely to be partly homosexual.
E)Men are less likely than women to be entirely homosexual,but more likely to be partly homosexual.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

According to research findings,how are intrinsic and extrinsic religiosity related to the tendencies to be sexually promiscuous and unfaithful?

A)Both intrinsic and extrinsic religiosity are associated with less promiscuity and less unfaithfulness.
B)Both intrinsic and extrinsic religiosity are associated with more promiscuity and more unfaithfulness.
C)Intrinsic religiosity is associated with more promiscuity and more unfaithfulness,but extrinsic religiosity is unrelated to less promiscuity and less unfaithfulness.
D)Intrinsic religiosity is associated with less promiscuity and less unfaithfulness,but extrinsic religiosity is associated with more promiscuity and more unfaithfulness.
E)Both intrinsic and extrinsic religiosity are unrelated to promiscuity and unfaithfulness.

Question 5

Recall the two very broad factors of sexuality that were identified by Schmitt and Buss.Which of the following adjectives would be associated both with high Sexual Commitment and also with high Sexual Arousal?

A)Passionate,romantic,affectionate
B)Devoted,faithful,monogamous
C)Obscene,vulgar,indecent
D)Seductive,sensual,erotic
E)Polygamous,promiscuous,loose

Question 6

What does it mean to say that a person has a very restricted sociosexual orientation?

A)This person is either exclusively heterosexual or exclusively homosexual,but not at all bisexual.
B)This person has a very weak sex drive.
C)This person may feel strong sexual urges,but refuses to acknowledge them or to act on them.
D)This person is very much concerned about the privacy of his or her sex life.
E)This person requires emotional attachment and commitment to be willing to have sex with someone.

Question 7

Recall that Bogaert et al. (2017)examined the self-report personality trait levels of people of different sexual orientations.Which of the following accurately describes their findings for Openness to Experience?

A)Heterosexual persons averaged higher than gay and lesbian persons,with bisexual persons averaging in between.
B)Heterosexual persons averaged higher than bisexual persons,with gay and lesbian persons averaging in between,
C)Gay and lesbian persons averaged higher than heterosexual persons,with bisexual persons averaging in between.
D)Bisexual persons averaged higher than heterosexual persons,with gay and lesbian persons averaging in between.
E)Bisexual persons averaged higher than gay and lesbian persons,with heterosexual persons averaging in between.

Question 8

Some explanations for the persistence of a heritable tendency for male homosexuality are based on the idea that the relatives of gay men might have tended to have more surviving offspring than do the relatives of straight men.Which of the following specific explanations have been proposed?
1)Gay men tend to invest heavily in the well-being of their nieces and nephews
2)Gay men's nieces and nephews tend to have especially strong resistance to infectious disease
3)Gay men's mothers and aunts tend to have many children.

A)1 only
B)1 and 2 only
C)1 and 3 only
D)2 and 3 only
E)1,2,and 3

Question 9

Which of the following persons would have the largest increased chance (relative to other persons of their own sex)of having a nonheterosexual orientation?

A)A man with several biological older brothers
B)A woman with several biological older sisters
C)A man with several biological older sisters
D)A woman with several biological older brothers
E)All of the above equally

Question 10

According to the results of Schmitt's (2005)cross-national study of sociosexual orientation,which of the following statements can be considered accurate?

A)The most sociosexually restricted countries were found in Europe.
B)Across all countries,men tended to be more sociosexually unrestricted than were women.
C)In countries with greater equality of status between men and women,the differences in sociosexuality between men and women were smaller.
D)All of the above.
E)B and C only.

Question 11

Suppose that a person has a very high level of Sexual Arousal.What is likely to be the most accurate inference about this person's levels of personality factors?

A)This person will have a low level of Conscientiousness.
B)This person will have a low level of Honesty-Humility.
C)This person will have a high level of Extraversion.
D)This person will have a high level of Emotionality.
E)This person will have a low level of Agreeableness.

Question 12

Also with regard to the findings of Bogaert et al. (2017),which of the following accurately describes their findings for Emotionality?

A)Gay men averaged higher than heterosexual men,and lesbian women averaged lower than heterosexual women.
B)Gay men averaged the same as heterosexual men,and lesbian women averaged the same as heterosexual women.
C)Gay men averaged lower than heterosexual men,and lesbian women averaged higher than heterosexual women.
D)Gay men averaged higher than heterosexual men,and lesbian women averaged higher than heterosexual women.
E)Gay men averaged lower than heterosexual men,and lesbian women averaged lower than heterosexual women.

Question 13

Investigations by Ben Zion et al. (2006)and Garcia et al. (2010)found higher levels of Sexual Arousal and lower levels of Sexual Commitment,respectively,in individuals who possessed alleles causing greater activity of one of the following substances.Which one?

A)Serotonin
B)Norepinephrine
C)Dopamine
D)Testosterone
E)Oxytocin

Question 14

What were the findings of Bailey,Kirk,Zhu,Dunne,and Martin (2005)in their investigation of the heritability of sociosexuality?

A)Almost all of the variation in sociosexuality is due to genetic influences.
B)Almost all of the variation in sociosexuality is due to common environment influences.
C)Almost all of the variation in sociosexuality is due to unique environment influences.
D)The variation in sociosexuality is due to a combination of common environment and unique environment influences.
E)The variation in sociosexuality is due to a combination of genetic and unique environment influences.