Deck 18: B: Waiting-Line Analysis

Question 1

A simulation model is validated if it adequately depicts real system performance.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Monte Carlo simulation is only applicable to situations that have elements that can be described by random variables.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

In probabilistic simulations,a single simulation run will be needed to obtain confidence in the results.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

A random variate is an integer value chosen from a specific range such as between 00 and 999.

Question 5

In the sets of random numbers,every possible combination of the numbers has the same probability of appearing,and there are no discernible patterns.

Question 6

Simulation is useful in situations that are too complex to develop mathematical solutions.

Question 7

Monte Carlo simulations yield approximate rather than exact answers.

Question 8

Simulation is used to determine the optimal solution to a problem.

Question 9

Monte Carlo simulations are deterministic.

Question 10

In simulating values for an Exponential distribution,the larger the random number,the smaller the simulated value.

Question 11

When simulating numbers for an Exponential distribution,a table of random numbers can be used.

Question 12

The purpose of running experiments on a simulation model is to answer "what if" questions.

Question 13

Simulation enables a decision maker to experiment with a system and observe its behaviour.

Question 14

Simulation is basically an optimizing technique.

Question 15

A Normal distribution has a mean of 9 and a standard deviation of 2.The random number + 1.00 has been drawn from a table of normally distributed random numbers.The simulated number is 10.

Question 16

Simulation models are fairly easy to use and understand; therefore they can be used for a wide range of decisions.

Question 17

When using a random number table,it is important to always start at the same point of the table so that results may be replicated.

Question 18

Random numbers used in Monte Carlo simulation are generated by computer or from random number tables.

Question 19

A Monte Carlo simulation implies that randomness has been incorporated in the simulation.

Question 20

A Uniform distribution has end points of 40 and 90.A random number of 20 from a two-digit random number table equates to a simulated value of 50.

Question 21

A student wants to simulate rainy and sunny days in her town for a three-week period.What is the minimum number of digits the student must obtain from a random number table for each observation,if it rained on two-fifths of the days over the past several years at this time of the year? Assume that days can be classified historically as either sunny or rainy.

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Question 22

On cold mornings,the probability that David's car won't start is .22.When it doesn't start,he takes the bus and is late for work.When it does start,he drives to work on the freeway.Sixty-five percent of the time the freeway is clear,and he gets to work on time.The rest of the time he is late.Simulate 10 consecutive days' worth of trips to work using the random numbers given.Use the lower numbers in each string to represent "car won't start" and "freeway clear".

Question 23

Customers arrive at a retail store at an average rate of five per hour.The time between arrivals can be described by an Exponential distribution.Assuming a customer has just arrived (time = 12: 00 pm),find the arrival time for next two customers.Using the following random digits (left to right):
27,05

A) 12:16 PM. and 12:36 PM
B) 12:27 PM and 12:32 PM
C) 12:05 PM and 12:27 PM
D) 12:32 PM and 12:59 PM
E) none of the choices are correct.

Question 24

Which of the following is not a reason for simulation's popularity?

A) It is simple to use and/or understand.
B) Extensive software packages are available.
C) Many situations are too complex for mathematical solutions.
D) It can be used for a wide range of applications.
E) It simplifies the design of operational processes.

Question 25

Natural logarithms are used in simulating the:

A) binomial distribution.
B) exponential distribution.
C) normal distribution.
D) Poisson distribution.
E) uniform distribution.

Question 26

An analyst wants to simulate observations from a Normal distribution that has a mean of 41 and a standard deviation of 3.The analyst draws a random number from a normally distributed table of random numbers.The random number is -2.00.The simulated value is:

A) 31
B) 35
C) 38
D) 43
E) none of the choices are correct.

Question 27

A Uniform distribution has end points of 450 and 500,which represent the time limits for a production operation.A manager wants to simulate two times from this distribution,and has obtained the numbers 44 and 10 from a two-digit random number table.Respectively,the two simulated times are:

A) 460 and 494.
B) 472 and 455.
C) 455 and 472.
D) 494 and 460.
E) none of the choices are correct.

Question 28

The number of machine breakdowns per day in a large factory can be described by a Poisson distribution with a mean of 2.0.Simulate the number of breakdowns over a five-day period,using these random numbers:

Question 29

Which statement does not accurately describe simulation?

A) Enables decision makers to conduct experiments
B) Involves developing models of processes
C) Alternatives are considered based on the what-if approach
D) Determines optimal solutions
E) Is a descriptive technique that does not produce a solution per se

Question 30

An analyst wants to simulate observations from a Uniform distribution that has a lower limit of 60 minutes and an upper limit of 80 minutes.The analyst draws the random number 75 from a two-digit random number table.In terms of this uniform distribution,this is equivalent to a simulated value of:

A) 61
B) 65
C) 70
D) 75
E) none of the choices are correct.

Question 31

Monte Carlo simulation is always associated with:

A) computers.
B) multiple-decision criteria.
C) gambling.
D) chance or random components.
E) a town in southern Italy.

Question 32

A Normal distribution has a mean of 500 and a standard deviation of 50.A manager wants to simulate two values from this distribution,and has drawn these random numbers: -0.60 and +1.40.Respectively,the two values are:

A) 640 and 440.
B) 470 and 570.
C) 570 and 470.
D) 440 and 640.
E) none of the choices are correct.

Question 33

During a cross-country trip,a statistics professor decided that the probability that her car could break down on any day was .15.Assume a maximum of one breakdown per day.Repair time,she decided,was normally distributed with a mean of four hours and a standard deviation of .6 hours.Simulate 10 days using these random numbers:
Simulate whether a breakdown would occur and,if so,time of repair.

Question 34

Which of the following words does not characterize Monte Carlo?

A) Random
B) Chance
C) Sampling
D) Probabilistic
E) Deterministic

Question 35

The second step in the simulation process is to:

A) run the simulation.
B) develop the simulation experiment(s).
C) test the simulation model.
D) develop the simulation model.
E) identify the problem and set objectives.

Question 36

An item of inventory is checked at the end of each hour.Given the following data:
Simulate 10 hours of operation for demand,beginning and ending inventories,and order placements and arrivals.Use the following random digits (left to right):

Question 37

The random numbers used in Monte Carlo simulations come from: I)any source II)computer generated numbers III)a table of random numbers

A) I only
B) II only
C) III only
D) II or III
E) I, II, or III

Question 38

A production operation consists of two steps.The time for the first step is uniformly distributed between 10 minutes and 20 minutes.The time for the second operation is uniformly distributed between 15 and 20 minutes.Process one cannot start a new unit until its previous unit has been passed to process two.Process two cannot accept another unit while still processing the previous one.Using these two random number strings (left to right),simulate the total time for three units:

Question 39

Simulation is basically a technique which is used for:

A) optimizing.
B) testing solutions.
C) cost minimizing.
D) using random numbers.
E) heuristic problem solving.

Question 40

A Uniform distribution has endpoints of 250 and 400.Simulate three values of this distribution using these random numbers:

Question 41

Patients arrive at a hospital emergency room at an average rate of four per hour.The times between arrivals can be described by an Exponential distribution.Assuming a patient has just arrived (time = 0),simulate the arrival times for five patients using the following random digits (left to right):