Deck 13: The Use of Force

Question 1

Which of the following was developed in response to the realization that less -lethal techniques created a greater risk for officers?

A) lethal techniques that require close proximity
B) lethal techniques that do not require close proximity
C) less-lethal techniques that require close proximity
D) less-lethal techniques that do not require close proximity

Answer 1

D

Question 2

When individuals commits suicide by cop,

A) they have already determined that they want to end their lives.
B) they engage in behavior that provokes officers to use deadly force.
C) they may threaten officers with deadly force themselves.
D) all of the above

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The application of an amount and/or frequency of force greater than required to compel compliance is known as

A) excessive force.
B) unreasonable force.
C) maximal force.
D) culpable force.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

A range of options that involve lesser to greater amounts of officer force are known as a

A) force list.
B) force range.
C) force continuum.
D) force description.

Question 5

The following ruling came about due to which court case? ʺUse of deadly force to prevent the escape of all felony suspects, whatever the circumstances, is constitutionally unreasonable.ʺ

A) the case of Rodney King
B) Tennessee v. Garner
C) Scott v. Harris
D) Miranda v. Arizona

Question 6

Which of these actions is not generally considered to be an option in the use of force continuum?

A) threatening with or using chemical or pepper spray
B) threatening with or using a gun
C) threatening with or using waterboarding
D) threatening with or using a baton

Question 7

How does female officersʹ approach to force differ from male officersʹ approach?

A) Female officers are less likely to use physical force.
B) Female officers are more likely to use chemical weapons.
C) Female officers are less likely to use firearms.
D) all of the above

Question 8

When were less-lethal weapons introduced into American law enforcement?

A) 1974
B) 1987
C) 1995
D) 2001

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT one of the three factors that, according to the Supreme Court, should be used to decide what a reasonable officer would do?

A) the weather and visibility
B) the severity of the crime
C) whether the suspect is resisting or attempting to flee
D) whether the suspect poses a threat

Question 10

If gaining a suspectʹs compliance requires the use of strong directive language or minimal force by the police officer, it is likely that the suspect offered

A) no resistance.
B) slight resistance.
C) moderate or high resistance.
D) violent or explosive resistance.

Question 11

What happens if impact munitions are used from an inappropriate distance?

A) The mechanism jams or malfunctions.
B) They may injure the officer using them.
C) They may be ineffective or deadly.
D) The officer is at greater risk from the suspect.

Question 12

If an officer forcibly subdued a subject, it would be expected that the officer used

A) typical verbal commands or strong directive language.
B) minimal physical force or force combined with commands.
C) hands, chemical agents, baton, gun, or other special tactics or weapons.
D) lethal or deadly force (even if the suspect was not killed).

Question 13

The decision of Graham v. Connor requires examinations of excessive nondeadly force to be judged by which amendment?

A) the Fourth Amendment
B) the Fifth Amendment
C) the Seventh Amendment
D) the Ninth Amendment

Question 14

The use of physical restraint by a police officer when dealing with a member of the public is called

A) display of force.
B) act of force.
C) demonstration of force.
D) use of force.

Question 15

The behavior of problem police officers

A) may result in a number of citizen complaints.
B) is best characterized as criminal.
C) often includes harassing other officers.
D) is best characterized as childish.

Question 16

The Supreme Court said that, when judging whether the use of nondeadly force is excessive, one should

A) consider the situation using 20/20 hindsight.
B) judge from the perspective of a reasonable officer on the scene.
C) base judgment on the testimony of all eyewitnesses.
D) give special weight to the testimony of the victim of the force.

Question 17

What was the historical ʺfleeing felon ruleʺ?

A) It said that officers could use deadly force against any felon who tried to flee.
B) It said that officers could only use deadly force against a felon who resisted, not one who fled.
C) It said that officers could use their discretion when dealing with a fleeing felon.
D) It said that officers should assess the threat a felon posed to them or the public.

Question 18

The force factor is

A) the standard amount of force that should be used in any situation.
B) the level of force used by the police relative to the suspectʹs resistance.
C) one of seven factors used to judge a use -of-force incident.
D) the main cause of injuries to both police and suspects.

Question 19

Less-lethal weapons are designed to do all of the following except

A) disable a suspect.
B) capture a suspect.
C) immobilize a suspect.
D) kill a suspect.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a category of suicide by cop?

A) Individuals cannot comply with police commands and die as a result.
B) Suicidal individuals attack police officers in order to die.
C) Individuals use police intervention in their suicide attempt in order to die.
D) Criminal suspects prefer death to capture and arrest.

Question 21

Both the law and public opinion generally condemn the use of excessive force by police officers.

Question 22

Police officers are trained to use only the level of force required by the situation.

Question 23

The level of force that officers use is closely linked to the type of training used in their department.

Question 24

Relatively few police officers ever fire their weapons at suspects during the course of their careers.

Question 25

In a suicide by cop situation, one suggested approach is to contain the area but not make the containment too tight, which might precipitate a deadly confrontation with the suicidal individual.

Question 26

What a bystander thinks is police brutality may actually reflect department policy in response to a resistant suspect.

Question 27

Any use of force by police officers can be considered excessive force.

Question 28

Since the U.S. Supreme Courtʹs Miranda decision,

A) more suspects have confessed willingly.
B) police have more latitude in seeking a confession.
C) police have a more difficult time securing confessions.
D) police are not required to seek a confession.

Question 29

Less-lethal weapons are incapable of deadly force.

Question 30

Police officers who have used their weapons may be dogged by depression and despair.

Question 31

What is the third degree?

A) when a suspect is hogtied and doused with pepper spray
B) when a suspect is has force used upon him/her prior to questioning
C) when a suspect is subjected to any verbal or psychological abuse
D) when a suspect is assailed with psychological pressure and physical force

Question 32

In the legal standard for determining the threat a suspect poses and whether to use deadly force, the suspectʹs past conduct is not universally accepted as an appropriate consideration.

Question 33

When the police initiate contact with a citizen, officers are less likely to use force.

Question 34

FBI agents are encouraged to try to disable moving vehicles to prevent serious damage or death.

Question 35

FBI agents are encouraged to fire warning shots.

Question 36

Suicide by cop can have serious consequences for the officers involved.

Question 37

Oleoresin capsicum is also known as

A) pepper spray.
B) a Combined Tactical System (CTS).
C) a Conducted Energy Device (CED).
D) mace.

Question 38

According to the federal deadly force policy, agents may only use deadly force in defense of life: the suspectʹs, the agentʹs, or othersʹ.

Question 39

When can officers be considered verbally abusive?

A) when they use a harsh tone and commands instead of requests
B) when they use swear words or profane language
C) when they say anything that goes beyond standards of acceptability
D) when they speak loudly and insistently

Question 40

In most cases in which officers use force, they do so without using any sort of weapon.

Question 41

Match the suspect action in the left-hand column, which escalates along the use-of-force continuum, with the officer
response in the right-hand column.
Column 1: compliant
Column 2: cooperative controls

Question 42

When a suspect experiences an overdose of adrenaline during a heated confrontation with the police, the suspectʹs condition is referred to as excited .

Question 43

In Tennessee v. , the U.S. Supreme Court specified conditions under which deadly force can be used.

Question 44

techniques are techniques to control a suspect that involve physical contact or the use of chemical spray or stunning weapons.

Question 45

The group that studied the structure and operation of the LAPD and found ʺrepeat offendersʺ in the area of excessive force was known as the Commission.

Question 46

Following the deadly siege of the Branch Davidian compound at Waco, Texas, in 1995 and the assault on Ruby
Ridge, Idaho, in 1992, a new standard of danger was adopted for federal agents.

Question 47

People have died from being sprayed with pepper spray.

Question 48

Excessive physical assaults that likely result in injury or even possible death are physical .

Question 49

A(n) voice is when an officer gives orders, rather than making requests, and speaks in a more vibrant voice.

Question 50

force is force that is unlikely to cause death or significant bodily harm.

Question 51

A TASER is an example of a(n) energy device, a class of less -lethal weapons.

Question 52

Changes came to the Los Angeles Police Department after the beating of .

Question 53

It is easy to distinguish psychological pressure from abuse.

Question 54

Force capable of killing a suspect is called force.

Question 55

Legal abuse is defined as any violation of a personʹs constitutional, federally protected, or state -protected rights.

Question 56

When an officer does nothing more than be present in a place, this is considered the minimal level of force and is called presence.

Question 57

is an officerʹs use of persuasive speech without any other techniques.

Question 58

TASERs have three modes: probe, touch stun, and distance stun.

Question 59

Techniques that seek a suspectʹs compliance by causing temporary pain without inflicting any lasting physical injury are called compliance techniques.

Question 60

Physical grips on the suspectʹs body that are intended to direct the suspect when and where to move, not to cause pain, are known as grips.

Question 61

Place the levels of force in order from the least to the greatest, with A being the least force and G being the greatest force.
Column 1: giving vibrant orders
Column 2: C

Question 62

Place the levels of force in order from the least to the greatest, with A being the least force and G being the greatest force.
Column 1: using force capable of killing the suspect
Column 2: G

Question 63

Distinguish between use of excessive force, excessive use of force, and illegal use of force.

Question 64

Match the suspect action in the left-hand column, which escalates along the use-of-force continuum, with the officer
response in the right-hand column.
Column 1: assaultive (physical injury)
Column 2: defensive tactics

Question 65

Place the levels of force in order from the least to the greatest, with A being the least force and G being the greatest force.
Column 1: making physical contact or using chemical spray or stunning weapons
Column 2: F

Question 66

Summarize the suggested management of suicide by cop situations.

Question 67

Match the suspect action in the left-hand column, which escalates along the use-of-force continuum, with the officer
response in the right-hand column.
Column 1: resistant (active)
Column 2: compliance techniques

Question 68

Place the levels of force in order from the least to the greatest, with A being the least force and G being the greatest force.
Column 1: being present
Column 2: A

Question 69

Suggest a reason for each of the five recommendations by the Police Executive Research Forum for the safe use of conducted energy devices.

Question 70

Match the suspect action in the left-hand column, which escalates along the use-of-force continuum, with the officer
response in the right-hand column.
Column 1: resistant (passive)
Column 2: contact controls

Question 71

Analyze the federal deadly force policy as adopted by the FBI. What questions does it raise for you?

Question 72

Place the levels of force in order from the least to the greatest, with A being the least force and G being the greatest force.
Column 1: speaking persuasively
Column 2: B

Question 73

Why would it be more difficult to draw clear limits for verbal and psychologically charged interactions with suspects than for physical force?

Question 74

Match the suspect action in the left-hand column, which escalates along the use-of-force continuum, with the officer
response in the right-hand column.
Column 1: assaultive (serious physical injury or death)
Column 2: deadly force

Question 75

Place the levels of force in order from the least to the greatest, with A being the least force and G being the greatest force.
Column 1: using firm, but not painful, grips
Column 2: D

Question 76

Explain the relationship between suspect action and officer response in the use -of-force continuum.

Question 77

Place the levels of force in order from the least to the greatest, with A being the least force and G being the greatest force.
Column 1: causing pain without lasting physical injury
Column 2: E