Deck 13: Visual Perception, Schizophrenia, Medications, sleeping

Question 1

Electroconvulsive therapy is which type of approach to treatment

A) A social-cultural approach
B) A biomedical approach
C) A psychological approach
D) A Freudian approach

Answer 1

A biomedical approach

Question 2

Family therapy is which type of approach to treatment

A) A social-cultural approach
B) A biomedical approach
C) A psychological approach
D) A Freudian approach

Answer 2

A social-cultural approach

Question 3

Dr.Andersen attempts to bring about personal growth by using communication to develop insight.Dr.Bradley attempts to improve psychological functioning through the use of medication.Dr.Andersen practices _________; Dr.Bradley,___________.

A) psychotherapy; psychoanalysis
B) psychotherapy; biomedical therapy
C) psychoanalysis; biotherapy
D) psychotherapy; gene therapy

Answer 3

psychotherapy; biomedical therapy

Question 4

Which alternative best expresses the relationship between psychotherapy and psychoanalysis

A) Psychotherapy is one type of psychoanalysis.
B) Psychoanalysis is the most common type of psychotherapy.
C) Psychotherapy is the same thing as psychoanalysis.
D) Psychoanalysis is one type of psychotherapy.

Question 5

Which type of therapy is correctly matched with the general treatment approach it exemplifies

A) cognitive-behavioral therapy - social approach
B) electroconvulsive therapy - biomedical approach
C) psychoanalysis - biomedical approach
D) community outreach - psychological approach

Question 6

Rachel's therapist is encouraging her to gain insight into inner conflicts of which she is only dimly conscious.Rachel is undergoing:

A) psychodynamic therapy
B) psychoanalysis
C) psychotherapy
D) A, B, or C

Question 7

Which of the following professionals has an MD

A) a psychiatrist
B) a clinical psychologist
C) a psychiatric nurse
D) a social worker

Question 8

After telling his psychoanalyst about his relationship with his ex-wife for a few minutes,Jerome suddenly becomes upset and changes the subject.Jerome is exhibiting:

A) resistance
B) transference
C) a latent conflict
D) the Oedipus complex

Question 9

Dr.Berger is conducting a scientific study comparing clients receiving cognitive-behavioral therapy to those receiving psychodynamic therapy.Dr.Berger is undertaking a(n)_________ study.

A) outcome
B) assessment
C) effectiveness
D) diagnostic

Question 10

Which of the following statements best expresses the relationship between psychoanalysis and psychodynamic therapy

A) Psychoanalysis is related to psychodynamic therapy.
B) Psychodynamic therapy and psychoanalysis are opposing forms of treatment.
C) Psychoanalysis is a synonym for psychodynamic therapy.
D) Psychodynamic therapy is just one form of psychoanalysis.

Question 11

Dr.Chu has a Ph.D.in clinical psychology.Dr.DeSouza is a psychiatrist with an M.D.Mr.Faraday has an RN.Ms.Ebrahim has a Master's degree in social work,an M.S.W.Which of these individuals might provide psychological therapy

A) Dr. Chu only
B) Dr. DeSouza only
C) Dr. Chu and Dr. DeSouza
D) Any of these individuals might provide psychotherapy.

Question 12

Which of the following approaches might be used in psychoanalysis

A) Dream analysis
B) Free association
C) Consideration of past experiences
D) All of the above might be used in psychoanalysis.

Question 13

Peyton is completing an interview with a psychotherapist; she also has an appointment to see a physician.Peyton is best described as undergoing:

A) treatment
B) empirical evaluation
C) outcome analysis
D) assessment

Question 14

Which of the following defines the psychoanalytic concept of resistance

A) The therapist listens while the client talks about whatever comes to mind
B) An understanding by the client of the unconscious causes of his or her symptoms
C) The patient's attempts to avoid the painful feelings in his or her unconscious
D) The redirection of the feelings in an important relationship by the client toward the therapist

Question 15

Which alternative best captures the typical sequence of steps in psychological treatment,from first to last

A) treatment → diagnosis → assessment
B) diagnosis → treatment → assessment
C) assessment → diagnosis → treatment
D) assessment → treatment → diagnosis

Question 16

Cognitive-behavioral therapy is which type of approach to treatment

A) A social-cultural approach
B) A biomedical approach
C) A psychological approach
D) A Freudian approach

Question 17

In psychodynamic theory,the firewalls and encryptions that make it for analysts and clients to 'hack into' the unconscious are called:

A) resistance processes
B) neurotic impulses
C) defense mechanisms
D) transference complexes

Question 18

Psychodynamic therapy involves:

A) the use of drugs and medical procedures
B) considering the past experiences of the person who is in treatment
C) behavior modification techniques
D) an attempt to challenge the patient's current thinking patterns

Question 19

Which therapist is correctly labeled with the treatment approach she seems to reflect

A) Dr. Coates primarily prescribes psychotropic drugs-biomedical
B) Dr. Donnelly encourages the development of more realistic thought processes in his clients-psychological
C) Dr. Pugliese tries to shape new, more adaptive behaviors in his clients-social
D) Only A and B are correctly matched

Question 20

Which type of psychotherapy places the greatest emphasis on early childhood and internal emotions and drives

A) psychodynamic therapy
B) cognitive therapy
C) humanistic therapy
D) eclectic therapy

Question 21

Person-centered therapy is a specific type of ________ therapy.It is associated with _________.

A) psychodynamic; Aaron Beck
B) psychodynamic; Carl Rogers
C) humanistic; Aaron Beck
D) humanistic; Carl Rogers

Question 22

Martina is becoming interested in behavioral therapy.To help her learn more about it,she might want to read the classic works of:

A) Freud and the neo-Freudians
B) Maslow and Rogers
C) Skinner and Watson
D) Charles Darwin

Question 23

Which of the following is true about the technique of flooding

A) In flooding the client is exposed to his or her fear all at once
B) Flooding uses a hierarchy of fears approach
C) Flooding uses systematic desensitization
D) Flooding uses relaxation training

Question 24

A hierarchy of fears may be used in:

A) cognitive therapy
B) systematic desensitization
C) flooding
D) humanistic therapy

Question 25

How does modern psychodynamic therapy differ from classic psychoanalysis

A) Modern psychodynamic therapy is generally longer term than is classic psychoanalysis.
B) In modern psychodynamic therapy, the psychoanalysis takes a less directive role than was the case in the past.
C) The goals of today's psychodynamic therapy are more specific than in the past.
D) A, B, and C

Question 26

Which of the following procedures are used in aversion therapy

A) The client reconsiders his or her past experiences.
B) Gradual exposure to an anxiety-provoking stimulus is paired with relaxation.
C) An unpleasant stimulus is paired with an undesirable behavior of the client.
D) Computer-generated, lifelike images are often used

Question 27

According to a behavior therapist,how might psychological disorders be treated most effectively

A) The client should learn new behaviors.
B) Maladaptive thought patterns should be challenged or changed.
C) Unconscious conflicts should be brought to light.
D) Neurotransmitter irregularities should be rectified through drugs.

Question 28

A client with social anxiety watches a film in which an individual greets strangers in a crowded room,makes small talk,and smiles pleasantly.The individual in the film appears to gain pleasure from these activities.The behavior therapy technique used in this scenario is:

A) exposure therapy
B) flooding
C) observational learning
D) aversion therapy

Question 29

Which of the following procedures are used in systematic desensitization

A) The object of the phobia is removed from the situation.
B) The client is helped to identify incorrect or distorted beliefs.
C) The client images the feared object while trying to relax.
D) The client reconsiders his or her past experiences.

Question 30

Which of the following defines the psychoanalytic concept of insight

A) The therapist listens while the client talks about whatever comes to mind
B) An understanding by the client of the unconscious causes of his or her symptoms
C) The patient's attempts to avoid the painful feelings in his or her unconscious
D) The redirection of the feelings in an important relationship by the client toward the therapist

Question 31

Which of the following defines the psychoanalytic concept of free association

A) The therapist listens while the client talks about whatever comes to mind
B) An understanding by the client of the unconscious causes of his or her symptoms
C) The patient's attempts to avoid the painful feelings in his or her unconscious
D) The redirection of the feelings in an important relationship by the client toward the therapist

Question 32

In person-centered therapy,the therapist:

A) explores the client's sexual history
B) uses reinforcement and punishment to modify the client's actions
C) silently writes notes on a small pad
D) attempts to provide unconditional positive regard

Question 33

Which of the following procedures are used in cognitive therapy

A) The client is confronted with the object of his or her phobia.
B) The client is helped to identify incorrect or distorted beliefs.
C) An unpleasant stimulus is paired with an undesirable behavior of the client.
D) Computer-generated, lifelike images are often used.

Question 34

Which of the following terms most nearly captures the essence of unconditional positive regard

A) approving
B) accepting
C) probing
D) challenging

Question 35

Which of the following defines the psychoanalytic concept of a defense mechanism

A) The therapist listens while the client talks about whatever comes to mind
B) An understanding by the client of the unconscious causes of his or her symptoms
C) The methods used by the patient to avoid the painful feelings in his or her unconscious
D) The redirection of the feelings in an important relationship by the client toward the therapist

Question 36

Which behavior therapy technique is CORRECTLY matched to its description

A) aversion therapy-The client is confronted with the object of his or her phobia.
B) systematic desensitization-Gradual exposure to an anxiety-provoking stimulus is paired with relaxation.
C) exposure therapy-An unpleasant stimulus is paired with an undesirable behavior of the client.
D) flooding - Computer-generated, lifelike images are used in a desensitization program.

Question 37

In psychodynamic therapy,what is transference

A) the transfer of a learned response from one task to another similar task
B) the transfer of irrational cognitions to the self
C) the transfer of strong feelings about parents or authority figures to a psychoanalyst
D) a behavioral technique invented to facilitate the transfer of learned behaviors from the session to the outside world

Question 38

According to humanistic therapists,psychological disorders are primarily caused by

A) limits and expectations imposed by others
B) unconscious conflicts and early experiences
C) irrational thought patterns
D) faulty learning

Question 39

Recall the terminology of classical conditioning.In systematic desensitization,relaxation is best seen as a:

A) CS
B) CR
C) US
D) UR

Question 40

In one application of aversive conditioning,alcohol is paired with a drug that induces vomiting.Which of the following alternatives CORRECTLY applies classical conditioning terminology to this situation

A) Alcohol becomes a CS associated with vomiting.
B) Alcohol is a US for vomiting.
C) The drug with which alcohol is paired is a US.
D) both A and C

Question 41

The concept of the therapeutic alliance is central to psychoanalysis.

Question 42

Dialectical behavioral therapy is an example of an eclectic approach to treatment.

Question 43

The terms psychotherapy and psychoanalysis mean the same thing.

Question 44

Dr.Sawyer is genuine and empathetic toward each of her clients; she strives to create an atmosphere of unconditional positive regard.Dr.Sawyer is attempting to create a(n)________ with each client.

Question 45

Which approach to therapy emphasizes the challenging of irrational,unrealistic beliefs

A) psychoanalysis
B) rational-emotive behavior therapy
C) dialectical behavior therapy
D) systematic desensitization

Question 46

Cathy visits a behavior therapist for help with her alcohol abuse.To treat Cathy's problem,the therapist might use _________ conditioning.

Question 47

Person-centered therapists communicate not only that they are caring and nonjudgmental,but also that they are __________; that is,they should reflect an accurate perception of the client's emotional experience.

Question 48

The course of treatment is shorter in today's psychodynamic therapy than in traditional psychoanalysis.

Question 49

A goal of dialectical behavioral therapy is to

A) get the patient to help out with his or her own treatment
B) change only behaviors, not cognitions
C) expand the psychodynamic approach to concentrate on sexual experiences
D) increase transference

Question 50

Ellis is to rational emotive therapy as Beck is to cognitive therapy.

Question 51

Adrienne is describing a dream to her therapist.The events she recounts constitute the _______ content of her dream.

Question 52

Psychoanalysis is based on Freudian and neo-Freudian principles.

Question 53

Cognitive-behavior therapy aims directly at the underlying causes of psychological problems.

Question 54

Dialectical behavioral therapy is often used to treat which of the following disorders

A) Anti-social personality disorder
B) Phobic disorder
C) Bipolar personality disorder
D) Schizophrenia

Question 55

Rational-emotive therapy is associated with ________; cognitive therapy,with ______.

A) Beck; Ellis
B) Beck; Rogers
C) Ellis; Rogers
D) Ellis; Beck

Question 56

"Some people are perfect! Why can't I be perfect Why is everything I do wrong" A ________ therapist might encourage a client to change such irrational thoughts.

A) rational emotive
B) behavioral
C) humanistic
D) psychodynamic

Question 57

Characteristics of cognitive treatment approaches include each of the following EXCEPT:

A) They are relatively brief.
B) They focus on concrete problems.
C) They involve an active therapist.
D) They are loosely structured.

Question 58

Bryan is feeling angry with his therapist; Bryan's anger reflects his feelings toward his father when he was a young boy in the throes of the Oedipal conflict.This example illustrates __________.

Question 59

Imagine a study in which brain activity is recorded before and after a 12-week course of dialectical behavioral therapy among patients with borderline personality disorder.The recordings are compared to brain recordings taken from individuals without the disorder.Which of the following alternatives labels the borderline patients and the brain recordings with respect to the experimental method

A) experimental group; dependent variable
B) experimental group; independent variable
C) experimental group; outcome variable
D) control group; dependent variable

Question 60

Which of the following approaches to psychotherapy is correctly matched with a potential strength

A) behavioral therapy - recognizes that people have rich inner lives
B) psychoanalytic therapy - offers a precise, objective approach to the symptoms of specific disorders
C) humanistic therapy - has resulted in effective drug treatments for many psychological disorders
D) cognitive therapy - focuses on thoughts, not just behaviors

Question 61

Psychostimulants are often prescribed to treat ADHD.How long does one dose of such medication usually last

A) 1-2 hrs.
B) 3-4 hrs.
C) 4-12 hrs.
D) 12-18 hrs.

Question 62

Which brand of psychoactive drug is correctly described

A) Adderall - effective at reducing hyperactivity and inattention
B) Depakene - among the most frequently prescribed antidepressants
C) Zoloft - helps reduce the mood swings in bipolar disorder
D) Cloarzil - facilitate the action of the neurotransmitter GABA

Question 63

Dr.Rhodes is trying to help a client think differently,in more realistic and less anxiety-provoking ways.Dr.Rhodes is practicing _________ therapy.

Question 64

Describe the aim of person-centered therapy.Identify several ways that therapists try to achieve this goal

Question 65

Many therapists integrate multiple approaches to treat an individual's problems; that is,they use a(n)_________ approach.

Question 66

How do you seek help for psychological ies How do you know if you've made the right decision Identify some considerations involved in seeking psychological therapy.Outline some ethical guidelines therapists must follow in their practices

Question 67

Discuss how (a)free association; (b)dream interpretation; (c)resistance; and (d)transference may be used as tools in psychoanalytic therapy

Question 68

Which brand of psychoactive drug is correctly matched with its class

A) Zyprexa - antipsychotic
B) Ritalin - antidepressant
C) Xanax - mood stabilizer
D) Effexor - psychostimulant

Question 69

Psychostimulants are often prescribed to treat ADHD.How does the effect of psychostimulants on the activity level of ADHD patients vary with the size of the dose

A) Psychostimulants decrease the activity level of these patients regardless of the size of the dose.
B) Psychostimulants increase the activity level of these patients regardless of the size of the dose.
C) Small doses of psychostimulants have no effect on the activity level of these patients. Large doses decrease it.
D) Small doses of psychostimulants decrease the activity level of these patients. Large doses increase it.

Question 70

Exposure treatments are based on _________,the process by which a conditioned response eventually disappears when the conditioned stimulus is presented in the absence of the unconditioned stimulus.

Question 71

Identify (a)one advantage,strength,or contribution and (b)one disadvantage,weakness,or limitation of each of the following types of psychotherapy: psychoanalysis,behavior therapy,and cognitive therapy

Question 72

Describe the general aim of cognitive therapy.Compare and contrast Ellis's rational-emotive therapy and Beck's cognitive therapy

Question 73

Which of the following is NOT one of the side effects of psychostimulants

A) irritability
B) sleep disturbances
C) increased appetite
D) weight loss

Question 74

Tricyclic drugs,MAO inhibitors,and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are examples of which class of drugs

A) antipsychotics
B) mood stabilizers
C) antianxiety drugs
D) antidepressants

Question 75

Which brand of psychoactive drug is correctly matched with the disorder it is intended to treat

A) Valium - depression
B) Adderall - anxiety disorders
C) Lithobid - bipolar disorder
D) Risperdal - ADHD

Question 76

Prozac is an example of which kind of antidepressant drug

A) SSRI
B) MAO inhibitor
C) antipsychotic
D) tricyclic

Question 77

Which of the following is not among the neurotransmitters that your text states are influenced by the various antidepressant drugs

A) endorphins
B) norepinephrine
C) serotonin
D) dopamine

Question 78

According to your text,which form of psychotherapy is often used in conjunction with the prescription of psychostimulants in the treatment of ADHD

A) systematic desensitization
B) psychodynamic therapy
C) humanistic therapy
D) cognitive-behavioral therapy

Question 79

Describe,using concrete examples,how a behavior therapist might use systematic desensitization and exposure therapy to treat a specific phobia or source of anxiety

Question 80

Ellis' ________ therapy is aimed at challenging the flaws in a client's thinking.