Deck 5: Police Organization: Structure and Functions

Question 1

Civil service systems were created to ______.

A) encourage more people to join the police force
B) eliminate ward influences in hiring and firing police officers
C) create disciplinary system for corrupt police officers
D) allow police officers to more efficiently patrol their beats

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The community era's policing strategy focused on ______.

A) filling huge vacancies in the police officer ranks.
B) encouraging officers to engage more in social work rather than law enforcement
C) combating political patronage and rampant corruption that took root during the reform era
D) training police officers to consider the underlying causes of crime on their beats

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which individual is credited with shaping the development of police professionalism during the reform era?

A) John Augustus
B) Cesare Becarria
C) August Vollmer
D) Arnold Comte

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The selection process of police officers during the political era encouraged selection based on the candidate's ______.

A) education
B) experience
C) desire to serve the community
D) relationship with the alderman.

Question 5

Which of the early criminal justice officials of the American colonies would have determined cause of death and the party responsible for it?

A) justice of the peace
B) sheriff
C) constable
D) coroner

Question 6

Which of the following occurred during Vollmer's tenure?

A) The first Metropolitan Police Act of London was created.
B) Psychology was used to anticipate criminal behavior.
C) Officers were prohibited from patrolling on bikes.
D) The police's ability to use wiretaps was limited.

Question 7

Why did the role of constable fall into disfavor in the American colonies?

A) The office was rife with corruption and abuse of power.
B) Most constables were untrained and believed to be unqualified as law officials.
C) The functions were already being performed by sheriffs and justices of the peace.
D) The role of constable was too great a reminder of the heavy hand of government the colonists were attempting to avoid.

Question 8

How does the position of justice of the peace differ between England and the United States?

A) The position has always been widely respected in England; it has generally been subject to corruption in the United States.
B) The jurisdiction of authority is limited to criminal cases in England, while it has both civil and criminal jurisdiction in the United States.
C) A law degree is required to hold the position in England; a law degree is not required in the United States.
D) The position is roughly the same in both England and the United States.

Question 9

Which of the following criminal justice officials of early England were elected court officers whose duties included oversight of the interests of the Crown?

A) sheriff
B) constable
C) coroner
D) justice of the peace

Question 10

The London police are nicknamed "bobbies" because of the ______.

A) belief that "the police are the public, and the public are the police"
B) role the London police played in dispersing rioters
C) man who established the first police force in London
D) jurisdictions where the officers served

Question 11

During which era of policing were civil service systems created?

A) the political era
B) the reform era
C) the community era
D) the crime control era

Question 12

During which era was there greater emphasis placed on numbers of arrests, citations, and response times?

A) the reform era
B) the community era
C) the political era
D) the homeland security era

Question 13

Which of the following positions became the only one to pursue felons when the county militia turned more to matters of defense during the reign of Edward I?

A) coroner
B) constable
C) justice of the peace
D) sheriff

Question 14

Which of the following occurred during the community era?

A) Police agencies refocused their service orientation to take more crime-related calls.
B) Police agencies were given grant funding to increase response times for service calls.
C) The police were trained to work with the community to customize solutions to local crime problems.
D) The police were given more take-home vehicles to avoid wear and tear on their personal vehicles.

Question 15

Which early criminal justice official's authority to grant bail to felons led to corruption and criticism?

A) justice of the peace
B) sheriff
C) constable
D) coroner

Question 16

During which era did police corruption surface due to close ties between police and politicians?

A) the reform era
B) the political era
C) the community era
D) the homeland security era

Question 17

What was the main purpose of the Metropolitan Police Act of 1829?

A) It allowed the use of a merit system for the hiring of police officers.
B) It allocated funding to municipal police agencies across the United States.
C) It established a full-time preventive police force in New York City.
D) It created a police force to combat urban problems.

Question 18

Why did some police departments in the reform era prohibit officers from residing in neighborhoods where they patrolled?

A) to isolate officers from potential political influences
B) to make officers more familiar with the entire municipality
C) to expand the "rolling fortress" of police protection
D) to enhance the "thin blue line" of police protection

Question 19

In early England, the sheriff was responsible for which of the following tasks?

A) He maintained law and order in the tithings.
B) He presided over court proceedings of civil disputes.
C) He collected taxes and served as magistrate.
D) He conducted preliminary hearings to determine cause of death and the party responsible for it.

Question 20

Which of the following were among the duties of the constable in early England?

A) He maintained law and order in the tithings.
B) He presided over court proceedings of civil disputes.
C) He collected taxes and served as magistrate.
D) He conducted preliminary hearings to determine cause of death and the party responsible for it.

Question 21

Which state-level agencies are responsible for providing technical support to local agencies, such as laboratory analysis or record services?

A) State bureaus of investigation
B) State departments of public safety
C) State highway patrol divisions
D) State attorney general investigators

Question 22

Which federal agency has a criminal investigation division that employs "accountants with a badge"?

A) Internal Revenue Service
B) Central Intelligence Agency
C) Department of Homeland Security
D) Drug Enforcement Administration

Question 23

Which of the following is an international crime-fighting organization?

A) TSA
B) INTERPOL
C) CBP
D) INTERCEPT

Question 24

In Hawaii, a single state-level agency includes a law enforcement division, a corrections division, and a victim compensation commission. This collective would be designated as which type of organization?

A) public safety
B) bureau of investigation
C) police
D) highway patrol

Question 25

Which Department of Homeland Security agency is responsible for preventing terrorists and terrorist weapons from entering the United States?

A) Secret Service
B) Immigration and Customs Enforcement
C) Federal Protective Service
D) Customs and Border Protection

Question 26

Which state-level agency is considered the state-level equivalent to the FBI?

A) state bureau of investigation
B) state department of public safety
C) state highway patrol
D) state attorney general investigator

Question 27

Which of the following is the newest federal agency?

A) Department of Homeland Security
B) Federal Bureau of Investigation
C) Drug Enforcement Administration
D) Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms

Question 28

Which federal agency is responsible for the investigation of counterfeiting, financial institution fraud, and computer-based attacks on the financial infrastructure of the United States?

A) Secret Service
B) U.S. Customs and Border Protection
C) Federal Deposit Insurance Agency
D) Federal Bureau of Investigation

Question 29

Which of the following agencies is responsible for identifying and closing weak spots in the nation's borders as well as in economic, transportation, and infrastructure security?

A) The Secret Service
B) Transportation Security Administration
C) U.S. Customs and Border Protection
D) Immigration and Customs Enforcement

Question 30

Which of the following is a top priority of the Federal Bureau of Investigation?

A) protect the United States from terrorist attack
B) protect the United States against foreign intelligence operations and espionage
C) protect the United States against cyber-based attacks and high-technology crimes
D) provide a complete change of identity for members of the Witness Protection Program

Question 31

The Federal Bureau of Investigation was created and funded through which of the following?

A) Department of Homeland Security
B) Department of Justice
C) INTERPOL
D) U.S. Marshals Service

Question 32

Which federal agency was responsible for capturing bootleggers during Prohibition?

A) Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives
B) Drug Enforcement Administration
C) U.S. Marshals Service
D) U.S. Secret Service

Question 33

Which of the following best describes the Department of Justice?

A) Its main priority is to protect the U.S. from terrorist attacks.
B) It is the legal arm of the U.S. government.
C) It is the state-level law enforcement agency.
D) Its operations are based outside the authority of the federal government.

Question 34

A special-purpose state agency would be most likely to investigate ______.

A) criminal cases
B) highway accidents
C) civil cases
D) unlawful alcohol distribution

Question 35

Which organization is primarily responsible for controlled substance and narcotics enforcement at the federal level?

A) U.S. Marshals Service
B) U.S. Secret Service
C) Central Intelligence Agency
D) Drug Enforcement Administration

Question 36

What delineates the functions of state-level agencies?

A) federal law
B) municipal police commissions
C) state statues
D) state bureau of investigation

Question 37

Which of the following are investigative units that are trained for a specific law enforcement area?

A) state police
B) state bureau of investigation
C) special-purpose state agency
D) highway patrol

Question 38

When compared to highway patrol, state police organizations typically perform ______.

A) tasks that are broader in scope
B) tasks that are narrowing in scope
C) more traffic-related tasks
D) more roadway emergency tasks

Question 39

The Secret Service falls under which federal department?

A) Department of Homeland Security
B) Department of Justice
C) Department of Interior
D) Department of Agriculture

Question 40

Which of the following best describes a function of INTERPOL and its agents?

A) They conduct regular patrols.
B) They arrest individuals.
C) They gather intelligence.
D) They prosecute individuals.

Question 41

County correctional institutions are most often maintained and staffed by which department or agency?

A) sheriff's department
B) municipal police
B) state department of public safety
C) special-purpose state agency

Question 42

Which of the following refers to a common element that is generally required of all law enforcement positions?

A) successful completion of a medical examination
B) ability to carry a firearm
C) successful completion of basic training
D) ability to relocate

Question 43

Which state-level agency's primary function is typically to patrol and investigate crashes on state roads?

A) state bureau of investigation
B) state department of public safety
C) state highway patrol
D) state attorney general investigator

Question 44

Which of the following agencies may require candidates to be younger than 37 years of age?

A) state highway patrol
B) municipal police department
C) county sheriff's department
D) U.S. Marshals service

Question 45

Which department or agency typically collects certain taxes or payments for the county?

A) special-purpose state agency
B) municipal police
C) sheriff's department
D) state department of public safety

Question 46

Which of the following employment requirements typically requires a candidate to examine situational questions that are posed verbally by a board of assessors?

A) writing sample assessment
B) background investigation
C) basic training program
D) structured oral interview

Question 47

What functions might a sheriff's department serve that a municipal police department does not?

A) investigate crimes
B) maintain order
C) serve as bailiff
D) enforce laws

Question 48

Which of the following would prohibit a potential officer from carrying a firearm?

A) failed written examination
B) failed medical examination
C) being convicted of domestic violence
D) being younger than thirty seven years of age

Question 49

Agents in the state bureaus of investigation typically report to which of the following?

A) state attorney general
B) state highway patrol
C) state department of public safety
D) state police organization

Question 50

Greater specialization and variety of assignments seen in the organizational structure of larger police organizations allows for which of the following?

A) holds those who have been delegated to responsible for their tasks
B) apportions the workload among members according to a logical plan
C) ensures that lines of authority are flexible
D) allows a single unit to work harmoniously to accomplish a mission

Question 51

Agents that are trained to enforce the fish and game laws in a particular state would be considered part of which group?

A) special-purpose state agency
B) state department of public safety
C) state highway patrol
D) state bureau of investigation

Question 52

Which operational element of local police agencies is considered the "backbone" of policing?

A) investigations
B) patrol
C) communications
D) records

Question 53

Which of the following is generally required as a condition of placement in a law enforcement position?

A) have U.S. citizenship
B) be thirty-seven years of age or older
C) successfully complete a drug test
D) disclose chronic medical conditions that may impair performance

Question 54

When compared with municipal police departments, members serving as part of the sheriff's department are more likely to ______.

A) wear body armor
B) wear plainclothes
C) have in-car computer systems
D) have lower levels of education

Question 55

When compared to sheriff's departments, members of the municipal police departments are more likely to ______.

A) wear plainclothes
B) be sworn personnel
B) hold a 2-year degree
C) have a lower start wage

Question 56

An employment requirement that typically takes four to six months to complete is ______.

A) writing samples
B) background investigation
C) basic training program
D) relocation and mobility

Question 57

At which level of law enforcment may agents receive a bonus for signing a mobility agreement?

A) municipal
B) state
C) federal
D) international

Question 58

Which of the following describes private security firms hired by a company to provide security services for a fee?

A) contract services
B) proprietary services
C) security guards
D) security consultants

Question 59

Unlike sheriff's departments, most employees at municipal police departments are ______.

A) women
B) sworn officers
C) minorities
D) required to attend college

Question 60

A minimum qualification for working in law enforcement may be that the candidate ______.

A) holds a 4-year degree.
B) passes basic training.
C) must be older 37 years of age
D) earned a 4.0 grade point average in school

Question 61

The United States has become especially mindful of security concerning all facets of life ever since ______.

A) World War II
B) the Cold War
C) 9/11
D) the Boston Marathon bombing

Question 62

Which of the following is true of private security personnel?

A) They are not bound by Miranda provisions regarding suspects' rights as sworn police officers.
B) They have the same arrest authority as sworn police officers.
C) They attend the same academies and have the same training as sworn police officers.
D) They are not bound by use of force policies like sworn police officers.

Question 63

Which of the following has spurred businesses, industries, and institutions to seek out private police security?

A) low cost of private security
B) limited capabilities of sworn officers
C) increased size of municipalities
D) higher likelihood of victimizations than in the past

Question 64

The Federal Bureau of Investigation is prohibited from monitoring Internet sites, churches and political organizations, nor can its agents attend public meetings for the purpose of preventing terrorism.

Question 65

When compared to public officers, studies have shown that the people employed in private security positions typically have ______.

A) lower levels of motivation
B) less training
C) a decreased likelihood of carrying weapons
D) been required to pass a background check

Question 66

Which of the following is true related to private security and private police personnel?

A) Private security officers are more likely to use excessive force than public police officers.
B) Private security officers have similar powers to arrest as public police.
C) Private security officers often receive extensive training compared to public police officers.
D) Private security officers are not bound by the Miranda decision as public police officers are.

Question 67

The community era of policing implemented research findings that found traditional methods of policing were ineffective, such as reducing response times and increased calls for service.

Question 68

Today, the coroner determines the causes of all deaths by violence or under suspicious circumstances.

Question 69

INTERPOL employs officers that investigate and arrest individuals in every country of the world.

Question 70

Which of the following refers to for-profit firms or individuals who provide security services?

A) private security
B) proprietary services
C) contract services
D) public security

Question 71

Despite the efforts of reformers, police corruption increased dramatically during the reform era.

Question 72

One of the top priorities of the Federal Bureau of Investigation is to protect the United States against cyber-attacks and high-technology crimes.

Question 73

The Internal Revenue Service is considered the most clandestine government service.

Question 74

Among the duties of the U.S. Secret Service is to investigate counterfeiting and other financial crimes, such as financial institution fraud, computer fraud, and identify theft.

Question 75

Which of the following is true about private security and private police personnel?

A) Private security officers are less likely to use excessive force than public police officers.
B) Private security officers are not legally allowed to carry firearms while on duty.
C) Private security officers often receive little training compared to public police officers.
D) Private security officers undergo extensive criminal background checks.

Question 76

Which of the following is an example of proprietary private police security?

A) A grocery store chain hires a company to provide their stores with security guards.
B) A bank hires an organization to provide around-the-clock security.
C) A celebrity contracts with a company to provide personal protection overnight.
D) A retail store hires several individuals to be part of their security department.

Question 77

The first police force was established in London after the passage of the Metropolitan Police Act of 1829.

Question 78

The office of the Justice of the Peace was criticized in the 16th century because of the wealthy landowners who were able to buy their way into office.

Question 79

In which industry did private policing first emerge?

A) grocery stores
B) banks
C) railroads
D) retail establishments

Question 80

Which of the following is an example of contracted private police security?

A) A grocery store chain hires a company to provide their stores with security guards.
B) A locally owned bank hires an individual to be their security guard.
C) A celebrity hires a body guard to accompany them to a heavily publicized event.
D) A person hires a private investigator to follow his or her partner.