Deck 25: Protists

Question 1

The pellicle of a Euglena cell consists of

A)glycoprotein.
B)polysaccharide.
C)peptidoglycan.
D)protein strips and microtubules.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

When protists feed on solid nutrients such as bacteria by phagocytosis,they are said to be using ____________ nutrition.

A)saprozoic
B)holozoic
C)endozoic
D)parasitic

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Some anaerobic protists obtain energy using

A)mitochondria.
B)cytochromes.
C)hydrogenosomes.
D)All of the choices are correct.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which of the following statements is not true of protists?

A)Moisture is absolutely essential to their existence.
B)Most are free living.
C)They make up a substantial fraction of the marine plankton.
D)They are not known to cause diseases of humans.

Question 5

Which of the following is a unique organelle found within some protists but not in higher animal cells?

A)Mitochondrion
B)Contractile vacuole
C)Golgi apparatus
D)Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 6

Recent evidence suggests that hydrogenosomes and mitochondria evolved from different endosymbiotically derived organelles.

Question 7

Unlike Giardia,most members of the Fornicata are harmless symbionts.

Question 8

The study of algae is referred to as

A)phycology.
B)phytology.
C)mycology.
D)None of the choices are correct.

Question 9

Which of the following is found in the intestine of termites and produces enzymes needed to digest wood particles?

A)Giardia
B)Trichomonas
C)Trichonymphida
D)Nyctotherus

Question 10

Trypanosomes that cause disease in humans escape destruction by the human immune system because they are resistant to phagocytosis.

Question 11

Pigment is contained in an eyespot or __________ that helps certain organisms orient to light.

Question 12

The cellulase-excreting protist that can account for up to one-third of the biomass of a termite is a member of the genus

A)Hexamida.
B)Trichomonas.
C)Trichonympha.
D)Euglena.

Question 13

The most common method of asexual reproduction in protists is

A)budding.
B)cytokinesis.
C)fission.
D)fragmentation.

Question 14

A typical Euglena cell is elongated and bounded by a _________________

A)protuberance.
B)pellicle.
C)cytoproct.
D)plasmalemma.

Question 15

All photosynthetic protists

A)carry out oxygenic photosynthesis using two photosystems.
B)carry out oxygenic photosynthesis using one photosystem.
C)carry out anoxygenic photosynthesis using two photosystems.
D)carry out anoxygenic photosynthesis using one photosystem.

Question 16

Acellular slime molds form a large multinucleate mass called a(n)______________ .

Question 17

Euglena use a contractile vacuole for osmotic regulation.

Question 18

The simultaneous use of both organic and inorganic forms of carbon is called ________________.

A)osmotrophy
B)omnitrophy
C)mixotrophy
D)metatrophy

Question 19

Sexual reproduction in the cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum involves the production of special spores called

A)amoeba flagellates.
B)macrocysts.
C)sporozoites.
D)discoidia.

Question 20

Which of the following is rare among protists?

A)Motility
B)Multicellular
C)Eukaryotic
D)None of these characteristics are rare among protists.

Question 21

A cyst formed by a protist functions

A)as a protective mechanism against adverse changes in the environment.
B)in repair of damage to the cell envelope.
C)in transfer from one host to the next.
D)as a protective mechanism against adverse changes in the environment and in transfer from one host to the next.

Question 22

Which of the following is not a type of pseudopod found in protozoa?

A)Lobopodia
B)Peripodia
C)Reticulopodia
D)Filopodia

Question 23

Which of the following groups is responsible for toxic red tides?

A)Dinoflagellates
B)Diatoms
C)Trypanosomes
D)Foraminifera

Question 24

Species of dinoflagellates are responsible for much of the phosphorescence seen in ocean waters at night.

Question 25

_____________ produce 40 to 50 percent of the organic carbon in the ocean.

Question 26

Those dinoflagellates that live in an intimate association with corals are called

A)zooxanthellae.
B)parasites.
C)lichens.
D)phytoplankton.

Question 27

Which of the following is not true regarding Entamoeba histolytica?

A)Entamoeba histolytica always remains in the intestinal tract during an infection.
B)Entamoeba histolytica cysts pass through the stomach unharmed.
C)Entamoeba histolytica grazes on bacteria in the intestines.
D)Entamoeba histolytica produces enzymes that degrade epithelial tissue.

Question 28

Diatoms have a distinctive two-piece wall of silica called a frustule.

Question 29

Protist cells that produce gametes for sexual reproduction are most specifically called ___________.

Question 30

Diatoms

A)are photosynthetic with frustules composed of two halves.
B)can reproduce asexually.
C)are motile by virtue of having flagella.
D)are photosynthetic with frustules composed of two halves and can reproduce asexually.

Question 31

In labyrinthulids,the nonflagellated stage of the life cycle features spindle-shaped cells that form complex colonies that glide rapidly along an ______________ net made by the organism.

A)ectoplasmic
B)endoplasmic
C)protoplasmic
D)pellicular

Question 32

__________ from foraminifera make up the White Cliffs of Dover and the stones used to build the great pyramids.

Question 33

Some ciliophora can discharge toxic threadlike darts called ___________,which are used in capturing prey.

A)spikes
B)spicules
C)toxicysts
D)toxipodia

Question 34

Apicomplexan organisms such as Plasmodium possess a motile,infective stage called the _____________.

A)sporozoite
B)trophozoite
C)apizoite
D)None of the choices are correct.

Question 35

Most radiolaria have an internal skeleton made of

A)microtubules.
B)glycoproteins.
C)cellulose.
D)siliceous material.

Question 36

A protist with two flagella where one is wrapped around a transverse groove and the other is draped in a longitudinal groove would be a member of which group?

A)Ciliophora
B)Dinoflagellate
C)Trypanosome
D)Oomycetes

Question 37

Filopodia supported by microtubules that are used primarily in feeding are called __________________.

A)lobopodia
B)reticulopodia
C)axopodia
D)micropodia

Question 38

The Stramenopila are a very large and diverse group that all possess __________ at some point in their life cycle.

A)a macronucleus
B)chloroplasts
C)an exoskeleton
D)heterokont flagella

Question 39

Ciliate sexual reproduction by conjugation differs from sexual reproduction in most animals in that

A)both parents are converted into zygotes.
B)meiosis occurs in both partners.
C)cell fusion occurs during fertilization.
D)the zygotic nucleus is diploid.

Question 40

Foraminifera are a type of protist that

A)help in estimating the age of ocean deposits.
B)move by means of flagella.
C)cause malaria.
D)are associated with human disease.

Question 41

Which of the following is not true of the Chloroplastida (green algae)?

A)Their cell walls contain chitin.
B)They are found in fresh and salt water.
C)They have chlorophylls a and b.
D)They store carbohydrates as starch.

Question 42

Which of the following ciliates produces the disease ick in fish?

A)Entodinium
B)Nyctotherus
C)Ichthyophthirius
D)Balantidium

Question 43

If plants originated from an organism like Chlamydomonas,then the origin of plants involved the loss of

A)chloroplasts.
B)microtubules.
C)cell walls.
D)flagella.

Question 44

In which of the following locations would you be most likely to find a species of Euglena?

A)Rumen of a dairy cow
B)Intestine of humans
C)Pond
D)Garden soil

Question 45

If a population of termites were treated with a chemical that destroyed all of the trichonymphids living in their gut,what would be the most likely consequence?

A)The individual termites would grow to be much larger.
B)The termites would die because they would not be able to digest cellulose in wood.
C)The termites would be able reproduce more rapidly and their population would expand.
D)The termites would turn to alternative sources of nutrients.

Question 46

The apical complex in the apicomplexans

A)is located at one end of the cell.
B)aids in penetration of host cells.
C)contains mitochondria.
D)is located at one end of the cell and aids in penetration of host cells.

Question 47

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between mitosomes and mitochondria?

A)Mitosomes have one membrane whereas mitochondria have a double membrane.
B)Mitosomes are not involved in ATP production.
C)Mitosomes are much larger than mitochondria.
D)Mitosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes that help the protozoan digest food particles.

Question 48

Protothecosis is an infection of humans or animals that is caused by a chlorophyte (green algae).

Question 49

Sexual reproduction in protists involves diverse strategies.Which of the following is common to all types of sexual reproduction in protists?

A)Syngamy
B)Isogamy
C)Heterogamy
D)Anisogamy
E)Conjugation

Question 50

After ingestion of a food particle,pH changes and enzymes contributed by the ________________ will digest and hydrolyze the ingested particle in the phagocytic vacuole.

A)mitochondria
B)lysosome
C)plasma membrane
D)endoplasmic reticulum

Question 51

What conditions result in the release of cAMP from Dictyostelium discoideum?

A)Abundance of nutrients
B)Adequate moisture
C)Shortage of nutrients
D)Presence of predator bacteria

Question 52

Upon ingestion of a food particle by a protozoan,the food particle is in a/an

A)lysosome.
B)mitochondrion.
C)phagocytic vacuole.
D)endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 53

What is the most likely role of the tests in a testate amoeba?

A)Provide motility
B)Concentrate nutrients
C)Provide protection
D)Enable adherence to surfaces

Question 54

You're describing a newly discovered protozoa that has long filamentous pseudopods.Which term best fits these pseudopods?

A)Lobopods
B)Hyphopods
C)Reticulopods
D)Filopods

Question 55

Both Chagas' disease and African Sleeping Sickness are __________-borne diseases.
or

Question 56

Some amoebae have a covering over their plasma membrane.These amoebae are referred to as ____________ amoebae.

Question 57

Trichomoniasis in humans is caused by a member of the _____________ group of protists.

A)Fornicata
B)Parabasalia
C)Euglenozoa
D)Amoebozoa

Question 58

Which of the following would inhibit binary fission in protists,but not in bacteria?

A)Blocking DNA replication
B)Blocking RNA synthesis
C)Blocking spindle function
D)Blocking ribosome function

Question 59

The Chloroplastida (green algae)include a wide diversity of forms ranging from unicellular to colonial individuals.

Question 60

Which of the following apicomplexan genera cause coccidiosis in chickens?

A)Pneumocystis
B)Eimeria
C)Plasmodium
D)Toxoplasma

Question 61

What is the role of the apical complex in apicomplexans?

A)The apical complex is a motility structure that enables cell movement.
B)The apical complex enables the apicomplexan to penetrate and bore into a host cell.
C)The apical complex is a feeding structure through which small food particles are taken in.
D)The apical complex is a defensive structure that is used to destroy bacteria.

Question 62

Which statement about the macronucleus and the micronucleus of ciliates is correct?

A)The micronucleus transmits genetic information through mitosis and meiosis,while the macronucleus maintains routine cellular functions.
B)The macronucleus is diploid and the micronucleus is haploid.
C)The micronucleus is formed by fission of the macronucleus.
D)The macronucleus forms by the fusion of micronuclei from two different mating types.

Question 63

Which would be the??? most likely location to find a slime mold?

A)Swiftly running stream
B)Animal gastrointestinal tract
C)Pond
D)Rotting log

Question 64

What are the results of the release of cAMP from Dictyostelium discoideum?

A)The cells develop flagella.
B)The cells form cysts until the growing conditions improve.
C)The larger cells cannibalize the smaller,less developed cells.
D)Cells aggregate,forming a large motile multicellular slug,precursor to the development of a fruiting body.

Question 65

Axopodia of Rhizaria are used for feeding rather than for motility.

Question 66

All of the following are true statements about events that occur in the apicomplexan life cycle EXCEPT

A)The life cycles include both sexual and asexual stages.
B)The sporozoite is the motile infective stage.
C)Often two completely different organisms host different stages of the life cycle.
D)The haploid and diploid generations alternate.
E)There is no exception here.All of these statements are true.

Question 67

Which of the following morphologies are seen among the Chloroplastida?

A)Filamentous
B)Unicellular
C)Colonial
D)Sheet-like
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 68

The stramenopiles are an extremely diverse group of organisms which would appear to have very little in common with one another.The one unifying feature in this group is the presence of _________________ ________________ at some point in the life cycle.

Question 69

All of these statements about Chlamydomonas are true,EXCEPT

A)chlamydomonas only reproduces asexually.
B)chlamydomonas has two flagella.
C)each motile Chlamydomonas cell has a single haploid nucleus.
D)chlamydomonas is photoautotrophic.

Question 70

Filopodia that are supported by microtubules are known as

A)axopodia.
B)lophopodia.
C)micropodia.
D)reticulopodia.
E)tubulopodia.

Question 71

What is the most likely reason the peronsporomycetes were originally thought to be fungi?

A)Macroscopic appearance of fuzzy growth
B)Cell wall composition
C)Yeast like cellular morphology
D)Life cycle similar to that of many fungi