Deck 15: Parenting in Divorced Families and Remarried Families

Question 1

For a variety of reasons,stepparenting is more _____________ than parenting in intact families.

Answer 1

demanding/difficult/challenging

Question 2

__________________ that occurs in divorces is a major predictor of children's later problems.

Answer 2

anger

Question 3

Parental conflict during or after the marriage is related to behavior problems in children.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Children whose parents divorce have many common emotional reactions such as __________.

Question 5

The __________ process is a way professionals have developed to help parents work out agreements that reflect parents' and children's needs and avoid expensive and stressful legal battles.

Question 6

When all the adults in a child's life form a temporary alliance to raise a child from a previous marriage,the alliance is termed a __________.

Question 7

Despite our greater understanding of the divorce process and our attempts to make things easier for families,we have not decreased the levels of anger and distress children feel at the time of divorce.

Question 8

Most children get a lot of support from parents and relatives at the time of divorce.

Question 9

From his ten-year study of mother-stepfather families,James Bray found a stepfamily takes __________ to form a basic family unit.

Question 10

Mavis Hetherington terms the belief that the new spouse and family will be everything the first family and marriage were not,the __________ myth.

Question 11

According to James Bray,the time of greatest risk of divorce in stepfamilies occurs in the __________ years.

Question 12

In father-stepmother families,relationships appear most satisfying when stepmothers focus on the __________ relationship.

Question 13

In stepfamily formation,James Bray found there was no ____________,the period of high satisfaction followed by a general decrease in marital satisfaction as occurs in first marriages.

Question 14

Grandparents and siblings are major sources of support at the time of divorce.

Question 15

James Bray terms the family in which the wife-mother is a highly competent woman who directs and manages family activities,the __________ family.

Question 16

Mavis Hetherington estimates only about __________ percent of divorcing parents can put aside their hostility after the divorce and work together to meet children's needs.

Question 17

Stepfamilies that got through all the stressful periods and forged a satisfying family,identified __________ as the basic quality that enabled them to succeed.

Question 18

____________ and _______________ ethnic groups have lower rates of divorce than other ethnic groups.

Question 19

Even when divorce ends a high-conflict marriage and there is no ongoing conflict between parents,children's emotional problems continue over the years.

Question 20

Teens living with fathers and stepmothers and still seeing nonresidential mothers had more positive moods,less aggressive behaviors,and less substance abuse when they had close with relationships with __________.

Question 21

Mothers in the divorce process who are under stress and have few supports focus on the easy child.

Question 22

When parents are authoritative,children develop social and intellectual competence

A) in all family types.
B) only in non-divorced families.
C) in non-divorced and stepfamilies.
D) none of these.

Question 23

For parents,remarriage provides such benefits as

A) fewer responsibilities.
B) clearer guidelines for relating to other family members.
C) emotional closeness and intimacy.
D) all of these

Question 24

Life in remarried families is challenging for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

A) anger and frustration from the previous marriage intensify current irritations.
B) feelings of loss and sadness related to previous marriage.
C) there is little emotional warmth and closeness in these families.
D) more people in the family.

Question 25

When assessed in young adulthood,those children who experienced only one divorce and no other marital transitions had the same level of well being as children who grew up in two-parent families.

Question 26

Divorced parents protect children from parental conflict when they do all of the following EXCEPT

A) prepare the child for a visit with the other parent.
B) conduct adult business in front of the child.
C) remain reasonably flexible about visiting.
D) work on their problems with each other in private.

Question 27

Mavis Hetherington says that the belief that the new parent will solve all the child rearing and financial problems a realistic expectation.

Question 28

When parents in remarried families have close marital ties,children become more resistant and negative.

Question 29

Although some children in remarried families have problems,the majority are doing well.

Question 30

Women who are unhappy several years after they have divorced have more problems than do women who stay in high-conflict marriages.

Question 31

One of the benefits of remarriage for parents is a caring relationship that increases contentment and happiness.

Question 32

The divorce rate is lower in stepfamilies because parents are older and better able to a compatible partner.

Question 33

James Bray describes the neotraditional stepfamily as

A) a myth that does not exist
B) a contemporary version of the 1950s white-picket family.
C) a new form of family life for the twenty-first century.
D) a desire that is rarely achieved.

Question 34

Analyzing data from adult children of childhood divorce,Paul Amato concluded that divorce

A) negatively affects the majority of children.
B) the majority of children do well.
C) has no effects on children's long-term well being.
D) none of the above.

Question 35

Survey responses of college students whose parents divorced during childhood reveal that __________ percent would have liked 50-50 custody.

A) 35
B) 50
C) 70
D) 80

Question 36

Children in remarried families often feel the new marriage is depriving them of their parent.

Question 37

Factors thought to be related to difficulties in children of divorce include all of the following EXCEPT

A) parental loss.
B) economic disadvantage.
C) parental over-involvement.
D) family conflict.

Question 38

Emily Visher and John Visher believe that some of the anger in remarried families reflects parents' fears that the other parent will gain all the child's love and allegiance.

Question 39

Mavis Hetherington found in her study that about ___________ percent of divorced parents relied on parallel parenting.

A) 25
B) 35
C) 50
D) 70

Question 40

Which of the following is true of divorce?

A) It is a restructuring of the family that children quickly adjust to.
B) It is a disorganizing process that extends over several years.
C) It is a restructuring process that affects young children but not older ones.
D) It affects teenagers most of all.

Question 41

Research suggests that stepparents are accepted in families in which remarriages occur when children are

A) very young.
B) adolescents.
C) preadolescents.
D) openly rebellious.

Question 42

Robert Emery found that when parents met with a neutral mediator and negotiated their own divorce settlement,their children,twelve years later when compared to children whose parents immediately went to court for a legal settlement

A) were more likely to see and have phone contact with non-resident parents.
B) were equally likely to see and have phone have contact with non-resident parents.
C) were more likely to feel caught in the middle between parents.
D) did not see benefits of negotiated settlement.

Question 43

When divorcing mothers with school-aged sons attended a fourteen-week program that taught positive parenting and establishing consistent consequences,

A) children reported better relationships with peers and less depressed feelings.
B) children reported few differences in moods, but teachers reported decreases in boys' aggressive behaviors.
C) mothers reported less depression.
D) A and C

Question 44

Describe four characteristics of young adults who grew up in remarried families.

Question 45

When teens lived with fathers and stepmothers,closeness with stepmothers

A) predicted teens' positive moods.
B) predicted teens' grades.
C) did not predict teens' grades.
D) A and C

Question 46

When teens report close relationships with fathers and stepfathers or even stepfathers alone,teens had

A)better grades.
B)more distant relationships with mothers.
C)had fewer friends.
D)A and C.

Question 47

Boys seem to have __________ difficulty compared to girls in adjusting to a remarriage.

A) more
B) less
C) the same
D) continuing

Question 48

James Bray's study of stepfamilies found that

A) those marriages that fail have the same characteristics as those that last.
B) a stepfamily quickly forms a basic family unit.
C) successful families show a willingness to change their expectations.
D) A and C

Question 49

Children of divorce advise divorcing parents to

A) discuss parental issues in front of children so they know what is happening.
B) be affectionate with gifts.
C) tell the children the good things they do.
D) all of the above.

Question 50

One of the suggestions from stepchildren to parents is

A) wait until children and stepparents live together and spend a lot of time together before trying to form relationships.
B) let children and stepparents get to know each other as individuals with particular interests.
C) do not make any effort to form relationships, let them grow naturally without any pressure.
D) A and C

Question 51

Describe and illustrate two ways in which religion influences the ways individuals respond to divorce.

Question 52

Parents who adopt children from other countries or other ethnic groups are advised to

A) help children to adapt to American culture and leave their culture of origin behind.
B) form a new family ethnic identity that includes the child's ethnic heritage.
C) let children find ways to explore their ethnic identity on their own.
D) A and C

Question 53

Describe and illustrate the four basic "facts" of divorce identified by Mavis Hetherington.

Question 54

Give four characteristics of remarried couples who work through problems and establish happy remarriages and two characteristics of couples whose remarriages are mediocre or end in divorce.

Question 55

Men and women both give the following reason(s)for divorce.

A) emotional problems
B) interpersonal stresses
C) communication problems
D) A and C

Question 56

Robert Emery suggests that parents can deal with angry feelings aroused in divorce process by

A) recalling all the reasons the divorce was necessary.
B) examining one's own role in the divorce.
C) focusing on positive aspects of one's life.
D) refusing to dwell on the divorce.

Question 57

One way Robert Emery suggests helping children to cope with the grief of divorce is for parents to

A) minimize the number of losses for children by maintaining same home, school.
B) see children together as much as possible.
C) remarry quickly so children experience life in a two-parent family.
D) A and C

Question 58

Both Mavis Hetherington and Robert Emery identify three family patterns that emerge in the process of divorce.Identify and briefly describe the three patterns.

Question 59

Some stepfathers go out of their way to include biological fathers in family activities because they

A) feel it takes little effort to do so.
B) see children are happier.
C) want to gain children's affection.
D) A and C

Question 60

Adolescents who felt close to neither biological nor stepparent

A) lived in families where parents did not get along.
B) were younger teens at the time of the marriage.
C) reported an active social life outside the family.
D) A and C