Deck 7: Training

Question 1

The first step of the training design process, needs assessment, refers to the process used to determine if training is necessary.

Answer 1

True
Explanation: The six steps of the training process emphasize that effective training practices involve more than just choosing the most popular or colorful training method. The first step is to assess needs to determine if training is needed.

Question 2

One of the advantages of apprenticeships is the guarantee of a job upon completion of the program.

Answer 2

False
Explanation: One disadvantage of many apprenticeship programs is that there is no guarantee that jobs will be available when the program is completed.

Question 3

Adventure learning focuses on developing creativity through the use of video games.

Answer 3

False
Explanation: Adventure learning develops teamwork and leadership skills using structured outdoor activities. Adventure learning may involve strenuous, challenging physical activities such as dogsledding or mountain climbing.

Question 4

On-the-job training, simulations, case studies, and business games are examples of hands-on learning.

Question 5

Simulations are used to teach production and process skills as well as management and interpersonal skills.

Question 6

Person analysis helps the manager identify whether training is appropriate and which employees need training.

Question 7

The training design process ends with choosing a training method.

Question 8

An advantage of distance learning is that the company can save on the amount of labor hours used to perform a task.

Question 9

The first step in choosing a training method is to consider the extent to which the method facilitates learning and transfer of training.

Question 10

A learning management system combines online learning, face-to-face instruction, and other methods for distributing learning content and instruction.

Question 11

Person analysis and task analysis are often conducted at the same time.

Question 12

Training refers to any planned effort by a firm to facilitate the learning of job-related knowledge, skills, or behavior by employees.

Question 13

Communities of practice are members of the surrounding community who work together, learn from each other, and give the company ideas on how to operate.

Question 14

E-learning not only provides training content but lets learners control what they learn, the speed at which they progress through the program, how much they practice, and when they learn.

Question 15

Tacit knowledge refers to knowledge that is well documented, easily articulated, and easily transferred from person to person.

Question 16

Break-even analysis is the process of determining the economic benefits of a training program using accounting methods.

Question 17

One way to think about the work environment's influence on transfer of training is to consider the overall climate for transfer.

Question 18

Continuous learning requires employees to understand the entire work system, including the relationships among their jobs, their work units, and the company.

Question 19

On-the-job training needs less investment in time or money for materials, trainer's salary, or instructional design compared to other methods.

Question 20

Opportunity to perform is influenced only by the work environment.

Question 21

Which of the following is the first step in the training design process?

A)Creating a learning environment
B)Conducting a needs assessment
C)Selecting training methods
D)Ensuring employees' readiness for training
E)Ensuring transfer of training

Question 22

_____ refers to training and development programs, courses, and events that are developed and organized by the company.

A)Learning management system
B)Tacit knowledge
C)Informal training
D)Explicit knowledge
E)Formal training

Question 23

Processes, checklists, flowcharts, formulas, and definitions are examples of _____.

A)Learning management system
B)Tacit knowledge
C)Informal training
D)Explicit knowledge
E)Formal training

Question 24

Inpatriation prepares expatriates for return to the parent company and country from the foreign assignment.

Question 25

Which of the following is true about self-efficacy?

A)It is the tendency of the trainee to be reliable, hardworking, self-disciplined, and persistent.
B)It is the desire of the trainee to learn the content of the training program.
C)It is the willingness of managers and peers to provide feedback and reinforcement.
D)It is a statement of an employee's work activity in a specific job.
E)It is the employee's belief that he/she can successfully learn the content of a training program.

Question 26

Which of the following steps in a training design process involves self-management strategies and peer and manager support?

A)Ensuring employees' readiness for training
B)Creating a learning environment
C)Ensuring transfer of training
D)Evaluating training programs
E)Needs assessment

Question 27

The most common area addressed through diversity efforts is the pervasiveness of stereotypes, assumptions, and biases.

Question 28

When conducting a needs assessment, which type of analysis is generally performed first?

A)Task analysis
B)Organizational analysis
C)Person analysis
D)High-leverage analysis
E)Financial analysis

Question 29

Anticipatory socialization occurs before the individual joins the company.

Question 30

The information employees receive while they are performing is called _____.

A)a consequence
B)an output
C)feedback
D)an input
E)personnel characteristic

Question 31

Which of the following management actions could most likely increase employees' self-efficacy levels?

A)Letting employees know the purpose of the training programs.
B)Giving employees opportunities to practice and apply skills to their work.
C)Sharing performance appraisal information.
D)Using off-site rather than on-site formal training programs.
E)Encouraging employees to provide feedback to each other.

Question 32

Which of the following will enhance the work environment to influence an employee's motivation to learn?

A)Letting employees know the purpose of the training programs.
B)Emphasizing that learning is under their personal control.
C)Sharing performance appraisal information.
D)Using off-site rather than on-site formal training programs.
E)Giving employees opportunities to practice and apply skills to their work.

Question 33

Identifying needed knowledge, skills, abilities, or competencies and ensuring current developmental programs support the company's strategic needs are implications of which of the following strategic training and development initiatives?

A)Accelerating the pace of employee learning
B)Providing development opportunities and communicate to employees
C)Capturing and sharing knowledge
D)Improving customer service
E)Aligning training and development with the company's strategic direction

Question 34

A _____ is a statement of an employee's work activity in a specific job.

A)task
B)position
C)requirement
D)work description
E)job description

Question 35

To ensure that awareness of the training needs enhances trainees' motivation to learn, which of the following should a manager do?

A)Encourage work group members to do their jobs individually and not involve each other.
B)Speak positively about the company's training programs.
C)Give employees time and opportunities to practice and apply new skills or behaviors.
D)Let employees know they are doing a good job when they use training content in their work.
E)Encourage trainees to complete self-evaluation of all strengths and weaknesses.

Question 36

Expatriates are employees with citizenship in the country where a company is located.

Question 37

Ensuring that employees have product and service knowledge and understand their roles and decision-making authority are implications of which of the following strategic training and development initiatives?

A)Accelerating the pace of employee learning
B)Providing development opportunities and communicate to employees
C)Diversifying portfolio
D)Improving customer service
E)Capturing and sharing knowledge

Question 38

Which of the following is true about task analysis?

A)Involves a description of methods to be incorporated to evaluate the tasks performed.
B)It does not validate or confirm the tasks to be performed.
C)Results in an assessment of employees' readiness for training.
D)Involves the verification of tasks using subject matter experts.
E)Task analysis identifies the outcome of the task performed.

Question 39

_____ analysis involves determining the business appropriateness of training, given the company's business strategy.

A)Person
B)Organizational
C)Task
D)Information
E)Strategic

Question 40

Organizational socialization is the process by which new employees are transformed into effective members of the company and involves three phases: anticipatory socialization, encounter, and settling in.

Question 41

Which of the following factors will be enhanced by communicating the need for learning?

A)Basic skills
B)Self-efficacy
C)Conscientiousness
D)Consequences of training
E)Awareness of training needs

Question 42

Which of the following must a manager do to support training?

A)He must never step down to the trainee's level.
B)He must expect the employees to know the need for attending the training.
C)He should focus entirely on employees who have not undergone any training.
D)He should leave the evaluation of the application of the training to the assessor.
E)He must, prior to training, discuss with employees how they plan to use training.

Question 43

A work-study training method that uses both on-the-job training and classroom training is called _____.

A)apprenticeship
B)simulation
C)virtual-reality training
D)case-study learning
E)practical learning

Question 44

Which of the following refers to the tendency to be reliable, hardworking, self-disciplined, and persistent?

A)Conscientiousness
B)Basic skills
C)Self-efficacy
D)Awareness of training needs
E)Goal orientation

Question 45

Which of the following enhances transfer of training?

A)Creating awareness of training needs
B)Creating a support network among trainees
C)Self-efficacy of employees
D)Work environment
E)Conscientiousness

Question 46

Which of the following conditions for learning helps the learner modify behavior, skill, or use knowledge to meet objectives?

A)Meaningful training content
B)Commit training content to memory
C)Feedback
D)Good program coordination and administration
E)Need to know why they should learn

Question 47

Presentation training techniques are most effective for:

A)developing specific skills or dealing with interpersonal issues on the job.
B)teaching new facts or alternative problem-solving solutions.
C)continuously attempting to learn new things to apply for quality improvements.
D)sharing ideas and experiences and getting to know one's strengths and weaknesses.
E)enhancing communication and developing a peer network.

Question 48

_____ refers to on-the-job use of knowledge, skills, and behaviors learned in training.

A)Information absorption
B)Transfer of training
C)Cognitive adoption
D)Rationalizing
E)Training consumption

Question 49

Which of the following include groups of employees who work together, learn from each other, and develop a common understanding of how to get work accomplished?

A)Learning management systems
B)Application management systems
C)Community management systems
D)Knowledge management systems
E)Network management systems

Question 50

Which one of the following is true about simulations as a training technique?

A)Simulations need to have different elements to those found in the work environment.
B)Simulations are used to teach only management and interpersonal skills.
C)Simulations prevent trainees from seeing the impact of their decisions in an artificial, risk-free environment.
D)Simulations are inexpensive to develop and maintain due to virtual reality technologies.
E)Simulations are training methods that represent a real-life situation.

Question 51

Which of the following is true about opportunity to use learned capabilities?

A)It refers to the extent to which transfer of training is enhanced by grouping two or more trainees to discuss their learned capabilities.
B)This factor is influenced by the work environment alone.
C)The trainee's peers play a role in determining work assignments.
D)Trainees are less likely to maintain their learned capabilities when given more opportunities.
E)Degrees to which trainees take personal responsibility to seek out assignments influence opportunity to perform.

Question 52

Action plans are developed to facilitate _____.

A)instructional design
B)program presentation
C)transfer of training
D)training program evaluation
E)conditions for learning

Question 53

_____ refers to trainees' perceptions about a wide variety of characteristics of the work environment that facilitate or inhibit use of trained skills or behavior.

A)Information absorption
B)Transfer of training
C)Cognitive adoption
D)Rationalizing
E)Climate for transfer

Question 54

Which of the following involves classroom instructions that are provided online through live broadcasts?

A)Blogging
B)Podcasting
C)Web conferencing
D)Webcasting
E)Teleconferencing

Question 55

Hands-on training techniques are most effective for:

A)developing specific skills or dealing with interpersonal issues on the job.
B)teaching new facts or alternative problem-solving solutions.
C)continuously attempting to learn new things to apply for quality improvements.
D)sharing ideas and experiences and getting to know one's strengths and weaknesses.
E)enhancing communication and developing a peer network.

Question 56

Which of the following is true about self-management skills?

A)Trainees should set goals for using the skills only once they are out of the training.
B)It is the supervisor's sole responsibility to monitor a trainee's usage of skills or behavior on the job.
C)Trainees must understand that relapses into old behavior and skill patterns indicate that trainees must step down.
D)Trainees must identify conditions under which they may fail to use their skills.
E)Trainees must create their own feedback system.

Question 57

Which of the following refers to new or inexperienced employees learning through observing peers or managers performing the job and trying to imitate their behaviors?

A)Behavioral training
B)Performance training
C)Observation training
D)On-the-job training
E)Peer network training

Question 58

From a company perspective, which of the following is true about on-the-job training?

A)Requires large number of trainers
B)Provides inconsistent training content that captures the knowledge of experts
C)Increases investment costs and time
D)Makes multiple-site training unrealistic
E)Managers and peers may not use the same process to complete a task

Question 59

Which of the following is true about the use of audiovisual in training?

A)The trainer has very little flexibility to customize the session.
B)Trainees can attribute poor performance to the bias of external evaluators such as the trainer or peers.
C)Trainees are not exposed to problems like equipment malfunctions.
D)Trainees are provided with instructions occasionally.
E)Poor dialogue between the actors hinders credibility and clarity of the message.

Question 60

Which of the following is a disadvantage of distance learning?

A)The level of self-discipline required by participants
B)The potential lack of interaction between the trainer and the audience
C)The high cost of equipment
D)The lack of face-to-face interaction
E)The expenses incurred in the form of occasional travel costs

Question 61

Which of the following is necessary if a manager is interested in determining how much employees' communications skills have changed as a result of a behavior-modeling training program?

A)Pretest/posttest evaluation design
B)Time series evaluation design
C)Pretest/posttest comparison group evaluation design
D)Pretest only with comparison group evaluation design
E)Posttest only evaluation design

Question 62

_____ has to be considered in choosing an evaluation design.

A)Experience level of the trainee
B)Period of training
C)Awareness of training
D)Implications if a trainee misses the training
E)Purpose of training

Question 63

Which of the following is a disadvantage of interactive video training?

A)Training is not individualized.
B)Costs of developing the courseware are relatively high.
C)Employees do not receive immediate feedback about their performance.
D)Training is not convenient for both employees and employers.
E)Training is inconsistent and trainers often find it difficult to update the training method.

Question 64

_____ costs relate to design of the training program, including costs to buy or create the program.

A)Development
B)Operational
C)Administrative
D)General services
E)Programming

Question 65

John, a manager at Falcon and Co., wants to find out the impact of the company's behavior-modeling training program on his employees' communications skills. Which of the following evaluation designs should John adopt?

A)Pretest/posttest evaluation design
B)Time series evaluation design
C)Pretest/posttest comparison group evaluation design
D)Pretest only with comparison group evaluation design
E)Posttest only evaluation design

Question 66

_____ is a computer-based technology that provides trainees with a three-dimensional learning experience.

A)Electronic performance support system
B)Virtual reality
C)Learning management system
D)Integrated performance support system
E)Avatar

Question 67

Which of the following are components found in a typical behavior modeling session?

A)Presentation of the key behaviors, videotape of a model, practice opportunities, and a planning session.
B)Videotape of a model, planning session, one-on-one coaching, and practice opportunities.
C)Presentation of key behaviors, videotape of a model, participation in a case study group, and planning session.
D)Lecture, videotape of a model, on-the-job coaching, and practice opportunities.
E)Virtual classrooms, customer argument demonstrations, and web-based training.

Question 68

_____ refers to the ability of trainees to actively learn through self-pacing, exercises, and exploring links to other material.

A)Delivery
B)Repurposing
C)Blended learning
D)Learner control
E)Collaboration and sharing

Question 69

Which of the following is a factor to be considered in choosing an evaluation design?

A)Experience level of the trainee
B)Period of training
C)Awareness of training
D)Implications if a trainee misses the training
E)Costs of conducting an evaluation

Question 70

Training evaluation that uses observation, work-samples, and ratings to measure behaviors is called _____ outcome.

A)skill-based
B)results
C)affective
D)cognitive
E)return on investment

Question 71

Which of the following evaluation designs is necessary if a manager wants to compare the effect of two training programs?

A)Pretest/posttest evaluation design
B)Time series evaluation design
C)Pretest/posttest comparison group evaluation design
D)Pretest only with comparison group evaluation design
E)Posttest only evaluation design

Question 72

Training evaluation that measures trainees' satisfaction with the training and reaction to the program is called _____ outcome.

A)cognitive
B)results
C)content
D)affective
E)return on investment

Question 73

What method of team training shows a team how to share information and decisions to maximize team performance?

A)Six sigma training
B)Cross-training
C)Coordination training
D)Team leader training
E)Action learning

Question 74

Adventure learning appears to be best suited for:

A)developing skills related to group effectiveness.
B)developing specific on-the-job production skills.
C)training members to step in to take others' place.
D)continuously attempting to learn new things to apply for quality improvement.
E)enhancing communication and developing a peer network.

Question 75

_____ training provides employees with measurement and statistical tools to help reduce defects and to cut costs.

A)Six Sigma
B)TQM
C)Team quality
D)Variance training
E)Total productive maintenance

Question 76

Repurposing refers to:

A)the ability for trainees to actively learn through self-pacing exercises, exploring links to other materials, and holding conversations with other trainees and experts.
B)directly translating an instructor-led, face-to-face training program online.
C)any effort designed to redirect or modify an employee's behavior.
D)tying e-learning to the company's strategic business objectives.
E)reinforcing the purpose of the training in employees' minds.

Question 77

Which one of the following is true about e-learning?

A)It does not let the learners control what they learn.
B)It enhances learning as learners are more engaged through the use of video, graphics, sound, and text.
C)It increases training time due to its remote nature and lack of trainer interaction.
D)It focuses on learning solutions based on traditional training.
E)E-learning fails to go beyond traditional training.

Question 78

Giving teams or work groups an actual problem, having them work on solving it and commit to an action plan, and holding them accountable for carrying out the plan describes _____.

A)adventure learning
B)self-directed learning
C)action learning
D)team training
E)group building

Question 79

Transfer of training is best assessed by which types of training evaluation?

A)Affective and content outcomes
B)Cognitive and behavior outcomes
C)Results and learning outcomes
D)Skill-based and results outcomes
E)Cognitive and skill-based outcomes

Question 80

Behavior modeling training is best for improving _____ skills.

A)technical
B)interpersonal
C)conceptual
D)leadership
E)performance