Deck 12: Descriptive Statistics Activities and Resources

Question 1

The measure of central tendency used for interval and ratio data is the

A) mode.
B) standard deviation.
C) mean.
D) median.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Machine-scored data can best assist with

A) the validity of the assessment. b the reliability of the assessment.
C) the reliability of the scoring.
D) the validity of the scoring.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Tabulation of data refers to

A) initial organization of quantitative data.
B) final 'counts' of qualitative data.
C) initial inferential statistics.
D) creating manuscript tables after analysis.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

If data are categorical, tabulation includes

A) creating graphs.
B) coding responses.
C) counting responses.
D) statistical analysis.

Question 5

Quantitative indices calculated for a sample drawn from a population are referred to as

A) statistics.
B) inferential.
C) parameters.
D) statistics.

Question 6

Kari's research study measured the effects of cooperative learning on learners' ability to solve complex problems. After scoring the problems and entering the data, her advisor told her she must have another researcher score the problems. Interestingly, the scores she gave the participants did not match the scores that the other researcher gave. Kari's scoring problem is indicative of a problem with

A) internal consistency reliability.
B) inter-rater reliability.
C) content validity.
D) consequential validity.

Question 7

The mode of the following distribution is 1,2,4,4,5,5,5,6,6,8,9 is:

A) 2.
B) 4.
C) 5.
D) 6.

Question 8

When calculating a frequency polygon, the first step is to

A) list all scores.
B) calculate means and standard deviations.
C) determine if the distribution is normal.
D) calculate descriptive statistics.

Question 9

The measure of central tendency that represents the most frequently occurring score is the

A) mode.
B) standard deviation.
C) mean.
D) median.

Question 10

The measure of central tendency that represents the midpoint of the scores in a distribution is the

A) mode.
B) standard deviation.
C) mean.
D) median.

Question 11

Quantitative indices calculated for an entire population are referred to as

A) statistics.
B) inferential.
C) parameters.
D) correlations.

Question 12

The median of the following distribution 1,2,4,4,5,5,5,6,6,8,9 is:

A) 2.
B) 4.
C) 5.
D) 6.

Question 13

The measure of central tendency appropriate for nominal data is the

A) mode.
B) standard deviation.
C) mean.
D) median.

Question 14

Which of he following is NOT a measure of central tendency?

A) Mode
B) Standard deviation
C) Mean
D) Median

Question 15

Francis wants to present the average mathematics score attained by the participants in her study. She needs to report a measure of

A) dispersion index.
B) variability.
C) central tendency.
D) relative position.

Question 16

The measure of central tendency often used for ordinal data is the

A) mode.
B) standard deviation.
C) mean.
D) median.

Question 17

The mean of the following distribution 1,2,4,4,5,5,5,6,6,8,9 is:

A) 2.
B) 4.
C) 5.
D) 6.

Question 18

The range of the following distribution 1,2,4,4,5,5,5,6,6,8,9 is:

A) 4.
B) 6.
C) 8.
D) 10.

Question 19

The first step in coding data is

A) determining how categorical data will be coded.
B) determining how many digits are necessary for each variable.
C) giving all participants an ID number.
D) running descriptive statistics for all variables.

Question 20

Statistical formulas use _____________ letters as shorthand.

A) Greek
B) Latin
C) Capital
D) Ordinal

Question 21

If there are extreme scores in a data set, what is the most appropriate measure of central tendency to indicate the most typical score?

A) Mode
B) Standard deviation
C) Mean
D) Median

Question 22

Given the following set of scores 6,7,5,12,11,9,9,7,6,10,6; The score that best represents the mode is:

A) 5.
B) 6.
C) 7.
D) 9.

Question 23

A small deviation indicates that

A) there are a small number of data points.
B) the median score is relatively small.
C) the variance in scores is small.
D) there are a number of missing data points.

Question 24

The most commonly used measure of variability used with interval and ratio data is the

A) standard deviation.
B) mean.
C) quartile deviation.
D) range.

Question 25

Of the following, which represents a positively skewed distribution?

A) MeanB) MedianC) Mode< median
D) Mode

Question 26

The measure of variability most appropriate for nominal data is the

A) standard deviation.
B) mean.
C) quartile deviation.
D) range.

Question 27

Given the following test scores, what can be said regarding their distribution? 92, 92, 73, 68, 80, 82, 91, 86, 92, 94, 95, 96, 97.

A) It resembles a normal distribution
B) It is negatively skewed.
C) it is positively skewed.
D) It is unimodal.

Question 28

A score at the mean of the normal distribution represents a stanine of

A) 0.
B) 1.
C) 5.
D) 10.

Question 29

Given the following set of scores: 6,7,5,12,11,9,9,7,6,10,6. The score that best represents the range is:

A) 6.
B) 7.
C) 9.
D) 10.

Question 30

Of the following, which represents a negatively skewed distribution?

A) MeanB) Median< mean
C) MedianD) Mean

Question 31

Given the following test scores, what score represents the median? 92, 92, 73, 68, 80, 91, 82, 86, 92, 94, 95, 96, 97.

A) 68
B) 87
C) 92
D) 97

Question 32

Garrett did a survey to determine the favorite sport of fourth grade children in Williamstown. Which of the following is the appropriate measure of central tendency for his data?

A) Mode
B) Standard deviation
C) Mean
D) Median

Question 33

Given the following test scores, which is the most appropriate measure of central tendency to report? 92, 92, 73, 68, 80, 91, 82, 86, 92, 94, 95, 96, 97

A) Mean
B) Median
C) Mode
D) Range

Question 34

Given the following set of scores: 6,7,5,12,11,9,9,7,6,10,6. The score that best represents the median is:

A) 6.
B) 7.
C) 9.
D) 10.

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT a measure of variability?

A) standard deviation.
B) mean.
C) quartile deviation.
D) range.

Question 36

Given the following set of scores: 6,7,5,12,11,9,9,7,6,10,6. The score that best represents the mean is:

A) 5.
B) 6.
C) 8.
D) 10.

Question 37

The measure that represents the difference between the highest and lowest score is the

A) standard deviation.
B) mean.
C) median.
D) range.

Question 38

Given the following set of scores: 6,7,5,12,11,9,9,7,6,10,6. The score that best represents the variance is

A) 3.25
B) 5.40
C) 6.76
D) 9.0

Question 39

Given the following, 1,2,4,4,5,5,5,6,6,8,9, what can be said regarding their distribution?

A) It resembles a normal distribution.
B) It is negatively skewed.
C) It is positively skewed.
D) It is bi-modal.

Question 40

Given the following set of scores: 6,7,5,12,11,9,9,7,6,10,6. The score that best represents the standard deviation is

A) 1.8
B) 2.3
C) 2.6
D) 3.0

Question 41

In a distribution with a mean of 28 and a standard deviation of 2 almost all the scores fall between

A) 22-34.
B) 24-32. c 22-30.
D) 26-30.

Question 42

In a distribution with a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 5, a T score of 30 equals a score of

A) 35.
B) 40.
C) 45.
D) 55.

Question 43

Anne has two ordinal-level variables in a data set. Which of the following should she use to calculate a correlation between these two variables?

A) Spearman Rho
B) Pearson r c Alpha Coefficient
D) Kappa' Tau

Question 44

Given a mean of 15 and a median of 22 what can we say about the distribution of scores?

A) It is negatively skewed distribution.
B) It is positively skewed distribution.
C) We can't determine its distribution.
D) It is normally distributed.

Question 45

David received a raw score of 56. Given a mean of 50, a median of 50, a standard deviation of 4.
Given David's information above, what is his T score?

A) 35
B) 55
C) 65
D) 75

Question 46

George collected achievement score data for each child from a middle school. He has their gender, age, teacher and score on the achievement measure as his data fields.
George needs to calculate the central tendency of his variable teacher. Which measure should he use?

A) median
B) mode
C) range
D) mean

Question 47

The statistical symbol 'n' represents

A) any given score.
B) total number of subjects.
C) number of subjects in a particular group.
D) the mean.

Question 48

The statistical symbol '∑' represents the

A) sum of.
B) total number of subjects.
C) mean.
D) standard deviation.

Question 49

Kenny received a raw score of 42. Given the test had a mean of 48 a median of 48 and a standard deviation of 3.
What is Kenny's z score?

A) -2
B) -1
C) 1
D) 2

Question 50

In a distribution with a mean of 68 and a standard deviation of 4, 84% of scores fall below a score of approximately

A) 64.
B) 72.
C) 76.
D) 80.

Question 51

David received a raw score of 56. Given a mean of 50, a median of 50, a standard deviation of 4.
What is David's z score?

A) -1.5
B) 0.0
C) 1.5
D) 2.5

Question 52

To convert a raw score to a z score, one needs the following information:

A) raw score and mean.
B) raw score and standard deviation.
C) mean and standard deviation.
D) raw score, mean, and standard deviation.

Question 53

Kenny received a raw score of 42. Given the test had a mean of 48 a median of 48 and a standard deviation of 3.
Given Kenny's information above, what is his T score?

A) 20
B) 30
C) 50
D) 60

Question 54

Given a person who has a T score of 30 on a norm-referenced assessment, what can we conclude regarding his performance compared to the norm group? The student

A) did well on the assessment.
B) performed average on the assessment.
C) performed within 1 standard deviation of the mean.
D) performed poorly on the assessment.

Question 55

A standard score is a measure of

A) variability.
B) central tendency.
C) relative position.
D) correlation.

Question 56

Measures of relative position include

A) means.
B) standard deviations.
C) percentile ranks.
D) frequency distributions.

Question 57

The z-score is an example of a

A) standard score.
B) correlation measure.
C) variability.
D) measure of central tendency.

Question 58

A student scored at the 88^th percentile in mathematics achievement on the national assessment. Of the following, which is an appropriate interpretation of the student's score?

A) His t score is approximately 58.
B) His z score less than 2.
C) His stanine score is approximately 6.
D) His score is higher than the mean.

Question 59

A score at -1 standard deviation represents a percentile rank of approximately

A) 2%.
B) 16%.
C) 34%.
D) 68%.

Question 60

Given a person with a z score of 0 on a norm-referenced assessment, what can we conclude regarding her performance? Compared to the norm group,

A) the person performed poorly.
B) the person performed at the mean.
C) the person performed above average.
D) the person performed at the 34 percentile.

Question 61

George collected achievement score data for each child from a middle school. He has their gender, age, teacher and score on the achievement measure as his data fields.
George also needs to calculate the measure of variation for achievement score. Which measure should he use?

A) Standard deviation
B) Range
C) Mean
D) Quartile deviation

Question 62

Claus received a raw score of 86. Given that the test had a mean of 88, and a standard deviation of 4. What is Claus's approximate t -score?
Which of the following best represents Claus's z- score?

A) -1.5
B) -.5
C) .5
D) 2.5

Question 63

Given the following scores on a midterm exam 72, 89, 91, 90, 100, 68, 80,76, 78,94,94,90,84,86,88,87,92,96,74,93, find the best answer to the following questions.
Describe the distribution of the scores.

A) The distribution approximates the normal distribution.
B) the distribution is trimodal.
C) the distribution is negatively skewed.
D) the distribution is positively skewed.

Question 64

Given the following distribution of test scores: 88,90,78,82,94,86,80,92,92,96,98. The score that best represents the median of the distribution is:

A) 78.
B) 86.
C) 90.
D) 98.

Question 65

Given the following scores on a midterm exam 72, 89, 91, 90, 100, 68, 80,76, 78,94,94,90,84,86,88,87,92,96,74,93, find the best answer to the following questions.
Calculate the standard deviation of the scores.

A) 4.6
B) 6.8
C) 8.7
D) 9.4

Question 66

Given the following distribution of test scores: 88,90,78,82,94,86,80,92,92,96,98. The score that best represents the range of the distribution is:

A) 10.
B) 12.
C) 16.
D) 20.

Question 67

Logan accessed an existing database to answer his research question regarding the role of identification of a learning disability and odds of going to a private school. The variables of interest include category of disability, type of school, achievement scores in the first, third, and sixth grade, parents SES.
Logan needs to report the measure of central tendency for his variable category of disability, which measure should he use?

A) Median
B) Mode
C) Mean
D) range

Question 68

George collected achievement score data for each child from a middle school. He has their gender, age, teacher and score on the achievement measure as his data fields.
George needs to calculate the central tendency of his variable achievement score. Which measure should he use?

A) median
B) mode
C) range
D) mean

Question 69

Given the following scores on a midterm exam 72, 89, 91, 90, 100, 68, 80,76, 78,94,94,90,84,86,88,87,92,96,74,93, find the best answer to the following questions.
What is the range?

A) 24
B) 28
C) 32
D) 46

Question 70

Given the following distribution of test scores: 88,90,78,82,94,86,80,92,92,96,98. The score that best represents the mode of the distribution is:

A) 80.
B) 86.
C) 92.
D) 98.

Question 71

Claus received a raw score of 86. Given that the test had a mean of 88, and a standard deviation of 4. What is Claus's approximate t -score?
What is Claus's approximate t score?

A) 0
B) 45
C) 75
D) 90

Question 72

Given the following scores on a midterm exam 72, 89, 91, 90, 100, 68, 80,76, 78,94,94,90,84,86,88,87,92,96,74,93, find the best answer to the following questions.
What is the median?

A) 88
B) 86
C) 84
D) 82

Question 73

Given the following scores on a midterm exam 72, 89, 91, 90, 100, 68, 80,76, 78,94,94,90,84,86,88,87,92,96,74,93, find the best answer to the following questions.
What is the mode?

A) 68
B) 76
C) 84
D) 90

Question 74

Logan accessed an existing database to answer his research question regarding the role of identification of a learning disability and odds of going to a private school. The variables of interest include category of disability, type of school, achievement scores in the first, third, and sixth grade, parents SES.
Logan will report a measure of variability for each of the achievement scores. Which will he most likely report?

A) Mean
B) Range
C) Standard Deviation
D) Median

Question 75

Logan accessed an existing database to answer his research question regarding the role of identification of a learning disability and odds of going to a private school. The variables of interest include category of disability, type of school, achievement scores in the first, third, and sixth grade, parents SES.
Logan needs to report the correlations among first, third, and sixth grade achievement scores. Which is the most likely measure of relationship appropriate for him to use?

A) Spearman Rho
B) Pearson r
C) Cronbach's alpha
D) Kendall's Tau

Question 76

Given the following scores on a midterm exam 72, 89, 91, 90, 100, 68, 80,76, 78,94,94,90,84,86,88,87,92,96,74,93, find the best answer to the following questions.
Calculate the mean of the scores.

A) 83
B) 86
C) 90
D) 92

Question 77

Claus received a raw score of 86. Given that the test had a mean of 88, and a standard deviation of 4. What is Claus's approximate t -score?
What can we conclude about Claus's stanine score?

A) It is negative.
B) It is approximately zero.
C) It is approximately 5.
D) It is approximately 8.

Question 78

Cynthia is reporting standardized test scores to parents of her students. She knows that on the test she gave the mean is an 80 and the standard deviation is 6. If her student Sharona received a t score of 40, which of the following can we accurately conclude regarding Sharona's performance?

A) She had a raw score greater than 80.
B) She had a positive z -score.
C) Her stanine score was an 8.
D) Her performance was less than average.

Question 79

Peter, a sixth-grade mathematics teacher, recently administered an exam. He wants to report a measure of central tendency but he doesn't know what to do with the fact that two students have much lower scores than anyone else. What is the best measure of central tendency for Peter to report?

A) Range
B) Standard deviation
C) Median
D) Mean

Question 80

Given the following distribution of test scores: 88,90,78,82,94,86,80,92,92,96,98. The score that best represents the mean of the distribution is:

A) 84.
B) 89.
C) 93.
D) 98.