Deck 2: The Dynamic Environment

Question 1

Although the global population growth is slowing,it will be the highest in the most developed regions.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Sustained economic growth arose in Western Europe and the United States during the first half of the twentieth century.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The Living Planet Index measures the human consumption of the renewable natural resources.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

A form of government requiring popular sovereignty,political liberty,and majority rule is the androcracy.

Question 5

Global income inequality is measured by the Lorenz index.

Question 6

The economic environment consists of forces that influence market operations,including overall economic activity,commodity prices,interest rates,currency fluctuations,wages,competitors' actions,and government policies.

Question 7

The number of children a woman must have on average to ensure that one daughter survives to reproductive age is known as the replacement fertility rate.

Question 8

The employees of a business are a part of its external environment.

Question 9

A Web site open to collaborative editing by multiple individuals is known as a blog.

Question 10

Soft law refers to the voluntarily adopted guidelines for corporate behavior derived from emerging norms and standards in international codes,declarations,and conventions.

Question 11

Liberalization refers to the creation of networks of human interaction that span worldwide distances.

Question 12

The nation-state is the unit of human organization in which individuals and cultural groups can influence their circumstances and future.

Question 13

Change in the business environment is the work of 10 deep historical forces or streams of related events.

Question 14

A set of reinforcing beliefs and values that constructs a worldview is known as an ideology.

Question 15

Values based on assumptions of security and affluence are known as postmaterialist values.

Question 16

In the international arena,the nation state is an actor having a ruling authority,citizens,and a territory with fixed borders.

Question 17

Great Britain was the first society to usher in the Industrial Revolution.

Question 18

In the Gini index,0 percent stands for absolute inequality and 100 percent stands for perfect equality.

Question 19

An environmental force of unknown origin and mysterious action that provides the energy for events is known as a historical force.

Question 20

Economic activity is a geophysical force with power to change the natural environment.

Question 21

_____ is calculated as the number of children a woman must have on average to ensure that one daughter survives to reproductive age.

A) Sub-replacement fertility
B) Net reproduction rate
C) Total fertility rate
D) Replacement fertility rate

Question 22

The invention of the _____ in the late 1700s and its widespread use beginning in the early 1800s triggered the Industrial Revolution.

A) printing press
B) new iron-making method
C) waterwheel
D) steam engine

Question 23

Identify the correct statement regarding the waves of innovation that have taken place since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution.

A) The first wave of innovation lasted for about 50 years.
B) The second wave of innovation had a time length of 65 years.
C) Thus far,the waves of innovation have been divided into seven distinct phases.
D) So far,the general trend has been the shortening of successive waves.

Question 24

Which of the following situations contributed to the Industrial Revolution?

A) Society that was low on capital and labor
B) Closed society
C) Society that encouraged individual initiative
D) Inadequate transportation

Question 25

Which of the following is a category used by the HDI to measure the development of nations?

A) Longevity
B) Flexibility
C) Resilience
D) Dynamism

Question 26

A plausible story of the future based on assumptions about how current trends might play out is known as a:

A) proposition.
B) scenario.
C) historical force.
D) premise.

Question 27

_____ is an economic policy of lowering tariffs and other barriers to encourage trade.

A) Liberalization
B) Deregulation
C) Democratization
D) Marketization

Question 28

An environmental force of unknown origin and mysterious action that provides the energy for events is known as a:

A) proposition.
B) scenario.
C) historical force.
D) premise.

Question 29

Using this statistical measure of global income inequality,inequality becomes greater as the percentage figure rises toward 100.

A) Human Development Index
B) Robin Hood index
C) Gini index
D) Lorenz index

Question 30

Globalization is:

A) an economic metamorphosis that started in England in the late 1700s.
B) the creation and maintenance of a disparate economic relationship between states.
C) the creation of networks of human interaction that span worldwide distances.
D) a philosophy in which nations promote trade by easing tariff and non-tariff barriers.

Question 31

Which of the following statements about historical forces is true?

A) It is of known origin.
B) It is divided into six separate but related forces.
C) It is a social force.
D) It causes a distinct chain of events.

Question 32

According to the Gini index,the cause of most of the rise in world income inequality is a(n):

A) growing gap between the peoples of rich and poor nations.
B) increasing trend toward liberalization.
C) growing separation of rich and poor within nations.
D) transition from high to low fertility in nations.

Question 33

The Gini index ranges between:

A) 0 to -1.
B) 0 percent to 100 percent.
C) -1 to +1.
D) 1 percent to 50 percent.

Question 34

Which of the following is true regarding the waves of innovation that have taken place since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution?

A) The first wave of innovation started in 1685.
B) In the first wave of innovation,electricity came into general use.
C) The second wave of innovation began in 1845 and ended in 1900.
D) The second wave of innovation was powered by aviation.

Question 35

According to the 2010 United Nations Development Programme's Human Development Report,which of the following countries has the highest human development in the world?

A) The United States
B) Canada
C) Norway
D) Mexico

Question 36

Which of the following is most likely to drive future population changes?

A) High fertility
B) Low mortality
C) Stable fertility
D) Zero migration

Question 37

Which of the following statements regarding the Gini index is true?

A) Zero percent stands for absolute equality.
B) It is a statistical measure of complexity.
C) Fifty percent represents absolute inequality.
D) Inequality reduces as the percentage figure rises toward 100.

Question 38

Which of the following statements about the Industrial Revolution is true?

A) It started in the late 1800s.
B) It first started in the United States.
C) It transformed the agrarian economies into industrial economies.
D) It did not require any specific conditions to be present.

Question 39

Which of the following is true regarding the implications of the current population trend?

A) The global population growth is rising.
B) The global population growth will be lowest in the least developed countries.
C) The wealth gap between the high-and-low-income countries will narrow down.
D) The global population growth will continue to strain the earth's ecosystem.

Question 40

The Human Development Index scale ranges from:

A) 0 to -1.
B) 0 to 1.
C) -1 to +1.
D) -5 to 0.

Question 41

_____ is a philosophy in which nations promote trade by easing restrictions,including both tariff and non-tariff barriers.

A) Foreign direct investment
B) Trade liberalization
C) Monopoly
D) Oligopoly

Question 42

Herbert Spencer's idea that evolutionary competition in human society,as well as the natural world,weeded out the unfit and advanced humanity is known as:

A) neo-Darwinism.
B) neural Darwinism.
C) social Darwinism.
D) quantum Darwinism.

Question 43

Which of the following is true regarding the modern nation-state?

A) It is an independent entity which is not administered as part of a local government.
B) It is a sovereign state which is comprised of two or more nations.
C) It is the single dominant ethnic group in a state.
D) It arose in an unplanned way out of the wreckage of the Roman Empire.

Question 44

A Web site open to collaborative editing by multiple individuals is known as a:

A) tag.
B) wiki.
C) blog.
D) forum.

Question 45

Which of the following is a characteristic of a democracy?

A) Single party rule
B) Universal suffrage
C) Enforced political authority
D) Country is ruled by famous citizens

Question 46

In the international arena,a _____ is an actor formed of three elements: a ruling authority,citizens,and a territory with fixed borders.

A) pre-national state
B) nation-state
C) citizen state
D) multinational state

Question 47

Which of the following is considered to be the bedrock of economic globalization?

A) Monopoly
B) Foreign direct investment
C) Oligopoly
D) Trade liberalization

Question 48

_____ is a form of government requiring popular sovereignty,political liberty,and majority rule.

A) Democracy
B) Socialism
C) Communism
D) Liberalism

Question 49

The _____ is the unit of human organization in which individuals and cultural groups can influence their circumstances and future.

A) multi-ethnic state
B) citizen state
C) nation-state
D) pre-national state

Question 50

____,especially a few hundred of the largest headquartered in developed nations,are the central forces of current economic globalization.

A) Transnational corporations
B) Multinational corporations
C) Micro-multinationals
D) International corporations

Question 51

A set of reinforcing beliefs and values that constructs a worldview is called a(n):

A) ideology.
B) theory.
C) realism.
D) philosophy.

Question 52

Technology that is developed on the scale of one-billionth of a meter is known as:

A) picotechnology.
B) microtechnology.
C) nanotechnology.
D) femtotechnology.

Question 53

A system of shared knowledge,values,norms,customs,and rituals that are acquired by social learning is called a:

A) value chain.
B) civilization.
C) culture.
D) value network.

Question 54

_____ is the belief that sacred authority called for hard work,saving,thrift,and honesty as necessary for salvation.

A) Positivism
B) Protestant ethic
C) Functionalism
D) Confucian ethic

Question 55

Which of the following fulfills the human need for concepts and categories of meaning that explain daily life?

A) Paradigms
B) Reality
C) Ideology
D) Subjective beliefs

Question 56

Which of the following is a trend that works in the legal environment to constrain business behavior?

A) Laws and regulations steadily decline in number and complexity.
B) Legal duties to protect the rights of stakeholders have lessened.
C) Globalization has decreased the complexity of the legal environment by shielding corporations from the laws of foreign nations.
D) Although requirements of ethical behavior and corporate social responsibility go beyond legal duty,they are continuously encoded into law.

Question 57

Which of the following is NOT an ideology that facilitated the Industrial Revolution?

A) Constitutional democracy
B) Communism
C) Darwinism
D) Social Darwinism

Question 58

_____ refers to capital investment by private firms outside their home countries.

A) Foreign direct investment
B) Foreign portfolio debt investment
C) Foreign portfolio equity investment
D) Capital transfers

Question 59

Values based on assumptions of security and affluence are known as _____ values.

A) survival
B) self-expressive
C) postmaterialist
D) materialist

Question 60

The _____ environment consists of forces that influence market operations,like commodity prices and interest rates.

A) economic
B) technological
C) cultural
D) legal

Question 61

How has technology impacted societies? What will be the impact of new technologies?

Question 62

Discuss the five trends in the legal environment that restrain business behavior.

Question 63

The _____ measures human consumption of renewable natural resources.

A) Living Planet Index
B) Environmental Performance Index
C) Water Footprint
D) Ecological Footprint

Question 64

What does the economic environment consist of? Define the terms "trade liberalization" and "foreign direct investment."

Question 65

Discuss the impact of globalization over the years.

Question 66

Which of the following is an internal business environment?

A) Culture
B) Shareholders
C) Economy
D) Government

Question 67

What is a Gini index?

Question 68

What is meant by a historical force?

Question 69

What are the factors that will drive future population changes? Discuss the implications of these population trends.

Question 70

Define the term "globalization."

Question 71

What is the Industrial Revolution?

Question 72

What is replacement fertility rate?

Question 73

Discuss in brief the waves of innovation that have taken place since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution.

Question 74

The _____ combines in one measure thousands of population trends among terrestrial,freshwater,and marine vegetable species.

A) Living Planet Index
B) Ecological Footprint
C) Environmental Performance Index
D) Water Footprint

Question 75

How does the cultural environment create change in the relationships between business,governments,and societies?

Question 76

Discuss the problem of global income inequality.

Question 77

The _____ is calculated as the total land area,in hectares,required to maintain worldwide human consumption of food,wood,fiber,energy,and water.

A) Living Planet Index
B) Environmental Impact Index
C) Ecological Footprint
D) Water Footprint

Question 78

Voluntarily adopted guidelines for corporate behavior derived from emerging norms and standards in international codes,declarations,and conventions are called:

A) diplomatic laws.
B) soft laws.
C) case laws.
D) traditional laws.

Question 79

Briefly discuss dominant ideologies.

Question 80

Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in Great Britain?