Deck 3: The Leader

Question 1

Leadership emergence is a between-groups phenomenon,whereas leadership effectiveness is a within-group phenomenon.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

"Great person" theories of leadership commonly assumed that certain individuals were born to lead.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Yukl and Van Fleet argue that leadership research has increasingly taken an individualistic approach to the study of leader traits.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Effective leaders should follow a reactive and corrective approach of leadership.

Question 5

Kirkpatrick and Locke noted that the motivation to lead is not an important precondition for an individual's assumption of the leadership role.

Question 6

A leader with a personalized power motive seeks power as an end in itself.

Question 7

Extraversion refers to the tendency to be imaginative,nonconforming,unconventional,and autonomous.

Question 8

Walter Mischel made the observation that personality expresses itself behaviorally more strongly in weak situations as opposed to strong situations.

Question 9

Collectively,the results of the Judge,Bono,Ilies,and Gerhardt review shows that the five-factor model in leadership research is not relevant and should not be used.

Question 10

The ability to formulate suitable strategies,solve problems,and make correct decisions is referred to as reactive ability.

Question 11

Integrity could be referred to as the correspondence between word and deed.

Question 12

Trait theories held that leadership traits were inherited rather than acquired.

Question 13

The desire to lead is more difficult to judge in new hires than in lower-end employees up for promotion.

Question 14

Until recently,a taxonomic structure for classifying and organizing traits has not existed.

Question 15

Overall,Agreeableness was the least relevant of the Big Five traits in the Judge,Bono,Ilies,and Gerhardt review.

Question 16

The leader's self-confidence is important for effectiveness,but others' perception of that confidence is least important.

Question 17

Stogdill's assumptions ignored the importance of the situation and noted that a person emerges as a leader simply by possessing some key traits.

Question 18

Ralph Stogdill noted that while a leader's traits are important tools,the traits must fit with the situation.

Question 19

Neuroticism is significantly predictive of leadership emergence and highly correlated to extraversion and agreeableness.

Question 20

One of the most prominent criticisms of the five-factor model is that it provides too coarse a description of personality.

Question 21

A manager uses power as a means to achieve his goals.He is likely to be having a(n):

A)socialized power motive.
B)individual power motive.
C)directional power motive.
D)personalized power motive.

Question 22

A leader with a personalized power motive seeks power:

A)as a tool to obtain growth.
B)as an end in itself.
C)as a means for experiencing responsibility.
D)as a means of remaining motivated.

Question 23

In past qualitative reviews on the traits of effective or emergent leaders,_____ was the only trait that was cited in a majority of reviews as related to leadership.

A)power-lust
B)honesty
C)self-confidence
D)agreeableness

Question 24

Conscientiousness is comprised of two related facets.They are:

A)drive and emotion.
B)achievement and dependability.
C)extraversion and openness to experience.
D)emotion and achievement.

Question 25

Which of the following statements is consistent with the leadership model laid out by Locke and his associates?

A)Intelligence and knowledge are not very significant in the formation of effective leadership.
B)Traits such as honesty and charisma are important preconditions giving an individual the potential to be a leader.
C)The four traits of honesty and integrity,self-confidence,emotional stability,and intelligence assure total leadership success.
D)Leadership skills are dependent on cognitive skills rather than intelligence and knowledge.

Question 26

Socioeconomic position and popularity of individuals refer to which leadership trait?

A)Status
B)Responsibility
C)Achievement
D)Capacity

Question 27

Early in the twentieth century,the great man theories evolved into:

A)trait theories.
B)social theories.
C)genetic theories.
D)power theories.

Question 28

_____ is considered the least trainable of the six leadership traits,according to Kirkpatrick and Locke.

A)Self-confidence
B)The desire to lead
C)Cognitive ability
D)Drive

Question 29

_____ theories asserted that leadership qualities were inherited,especially by people from the upper class.

A)Situational theories
B)Trait theories
C)"Great man" leadership
D)Behavioral theories

Question 30

Intelligence,alertness,and verbal facility are aspects of which leadership trait?

A)Status
B)Responsibility
C)Achievement
D)Capacity

Question 31

The ability to overcome obstacles and be tirelessly persistent refers to:

A)energy.
B)ambition.
C)initiative.
D)tenacity.

Question 32

Judge,Bono,Ilies,and Gerhardt study leader traits and leadership under the categories of performance and:

A)genetics.
B)accomplishments.
C)emergence.
D)power.

Question 33

Which of the following statements supports the "great person" theory of leadership?

A)Acquired skills distinguish great leaders from others.
B)Certain individuals,when born,were destined to lead.
C)Experience is the most important attribute of leadership.
D)Tacit knowledge is essential to lead others to success.

Question 34

Which of the following statements would support the observations made by Walter Mischel?

A)Employees of an organization express their personality strongly when there are no rules to guide their behavior.
B)Employees of an organization show leadership skills and motivation when they are strictly monitored.
C)Companies have been successful in promoting leadership traits by boosting the knowledge and skills of employees.
D)A person is more likely to express leadership behavior when he/she is given the authority to manage a large group.

Question 35

Which of the following statements on effective leaders is true?

A)The need for achievement is a less important trait for effective leaders.
B)Effective leaders do not attempt to demonstrate their drive and determination.
C)Effective leaders pursue a reactive management style and respond to changes fast.
D)Leaders must have a lot of energy to be successful in their roles.

Question 36

Which of the following Big Five personality dimensions represents imaginative,nonconforming,unconventional,and autonomous thinking?

A)Neuroticism
B)Extraversion
C)Conscientiousness
D)Openness to experience

Question 37

_____ represents the tendency to exhibit poor emotional adjustment and experience negative affects,such as anxiety,insecurity,and hostility.

A)Neuroticism
B)Conscientiousness
C)Restlessness
D)Impulsiveness

Question 38

Achievement motivation,ambition,energy,tenacity,and initiative are five aspects of:

A)honesty/integrity.
B)the desire to lead.
C)drive.
D)cognitive ability.

Question 39

Leadership motivation is often equated with the need for:

A)sociability.
B)power.
C)justice.
D)money.

Question 40

Which of the following assumptions is consistent with trait theories?

A)Leadership traits are acquired rather than inherited.
B)Leaders' characteristics are different from non-leaders' characteristics.
C)Leadership traits are inherited rather than acquired.
D)Collective traits of a group determine the success of leaders.

Question 41

In the review of the five-factor model,which of the following factors emerged as the most consistent correlate of leadership?

A)Agreeableness
B)Conscientiousness
C)Neuroticism
D)Extraversion

Question 42

Evidence shows that traits do matter in leadership.Briefly explain the six traits on which leaders differ from non-leaders.

Question 43

What are the major observations made by Ralph Stogdill? What are the different traits of leaders identified?

Question 44

Discuss the relationship between the big five traits and leadership criteria such as leadership emergence,leadership effectiveness,and overall analysis.

Question 45

What are the observations made by Walter Mischel on personality?

Question 46

When Bass listed the traits that were the best correlates of leadership,_____ -a clear hallmark of Openness-topped the list.

A)adaptability
B)capacity
C)originality
D)energy

Question 47

_____ may be weakly correlated with leadership because it is both a hindrance and a help to leaders.

A)Conscientiousness
B)Extraversion
C)Agreeableness
D)Charisma

Question 48

In the Judge,Ilies,Bono,and Gerhardt review,all traits were more strongly related to leadership in studies involving:

A)adults.
B)students.
C)experienced personnel.
D)women.

Question 49

The results of the Judge,Ilies,Bono,and Gerhardt review found that _____ was the strongest correlate of leadership.

A)openness to experience
B)conscientiousness
C)agreeableness
D)extraversion

Question 50

Briefly explain the five-factor model of personality.