Deck 9: Globalization, Inequality, and Development

Question 1

The term to describe the simultaneous homogenization of some aspects of life and the strengthening of some local differences under the impact of globalization is

A)McDonaldization
B)regionalization
C)glocalization
D)neoliberal globalization
E)imperialism

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Jihad can mean which of the following:

A)perseverance in achieving a high moral standard.
B)striving or struggle
C)Islamic fundamentalist reaction to globalization
D)all of these choices
E)none of these choices

Answer 2

D

Question 3

When Barbara Garson traced a small amount of money she invested in the Chase Manhattan Bank,she discovered that the money was used to:

A)bribe Thai officials
B)construct on oil refinery in Thailand
C)destroy the natural environment
D)displace farmers and fishers
E)all of these choices

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Indicators which point to the globalization of the planet include all BUT which of these?

A)International trade and investment has increased rapidly.
B)International telecommunication has become easy and inexpensive.
C)There has been a growth in tourism.
D)Individual nation states have given up some of their independence when they joined international organizations or signed international agreement.
E)Global stratification is decreasing.

Question 5

In 2002,foreign aid to the world's developing countries was only ____ the amount that the developing countries paid to Western banks in loan interest.

A)one-fiftieth the amount
B)one-half the amount
C)one-seventh the amount
D)two-thirds the amount
E)thirteen-sixteenths the amount

Question 6

According to ____ theory,global inequality results from various dysfunctional characteristics of poor societies themselves.

A)dependency
B)modernization
C)neoliberation
D)glocalization
E)colonialist

Question 7

Although social scientists disagree on the exact causes of globalization,most of them stress the importance of all BUT which of these causes:

A)technology
B)politics
C)medical advancement
D)economics
E)trade

Question 8

The three main trading blocs-- Asian,North American and West European--are dominated respectively by:

A)China,the United States and France
B)China,Canada and the European Union
C)Japan,the United States and France
D)Japan,the United States and Germany
E)Japan,the United States and Great Britain

Question 9

Around 1780 the industrial revolution enabled the most powerful countries to force their colonies to become a source of:

A)raw materials
B)cheap labor
C)investment opportunities
D)markets for the conquering nations
E)all of these choices

Question 10

Which of the following statements does NOT illustrate an aspect of regionalization?

A)Most world trade takes place within each of the three main trading blocs.
B)Each trading bloc competes against the others for a larger share of world trade.
C)The European Union now has the same currency.
D)Globalization is making the world a more homogeneous place based on American values.
E)Islam has become a unifying force over vast stretches of Asia and Africa.

Question 11

The governments of the former colonies had to borrow money in order to:

A)create education systems
B)create transportation infrastructures
C)provide safe water
D)deliver health care to their people
E)all of these choices

Question 12

Following World War II,former colonies,now independent,were exploited by new means,which replaced ____.

A)substantial foreign investment
B)support for authoritarian governments
C)mounting debt
D)direct political control
E)all of these choices

Question 13

According to dependency theorist,multinational corporations and rich countries continued their exploitation of the poor countries in the postcolonial period by

A)giving economic aid to the poor
B)building schools and hospitals
C)supporting local authoritarian governments
D)teaching English to the former colonists
E)all of these choices

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT TRUE about transnational corporations as compared to traditional corporations?

A)Transnational corporations rely on domestic labor and domestic production.
B)Transnational corporations increasingly emphasize skills and advances in design,technology,and management.
C)Transnational corporations depend increasingly on world markets.
D)Transnational corporations are increasingly autonomous from national governments.
E)Transnational corporations depend increasingly on massive advertising campaigns.

Question 15

How old is globalization?

A)around 30 years old
B)about 200 years old
C)approximately 500 years old
D)generally agreed at 3000 years old
E)There is no one correct answer to that question.

Question 16

____ theory views economic underdevelopment as the result of exploitive relations between rich and poor countries.

A)dependency
B)modernization
C)neoliberation
D)glocalization
E)colonialist

Question 17

Multinational corporations invested heavily in the former colonies,resulting in

A)the siphoning off of wealth in the form of raw materials
B)low-paying jobs for the poor people
C)higher paying jobs in the rich countries
D)selling back manufactured goods to the poor countries
E)all of these choices

Question 18

Which of the following was (were)a reaction against globalization?

A)the 9/11 jet highjackings
B)the armed rebellion in Mexico in the 1990s
C)teddy bear catapults in Quebec
D)all of these choices
E)none of these choices

Question 19

When John Lie spent a summer in the Philippines,he made which of the following observations about the most productive villages:

A)high birth rates.
B)little economic inequality
C)happier inhabitants
D)all of these choices
E)little economic inequality and happier inhabitants only

Question 20

According to Hobsbawm,World War I and the Great Depression

A)incited racism
B)fostered protectionism
C)supported military buildup
D)all of these choices
E)incited racism and fostered protectionism only

Question 21

Which statement is NOT true about poverty?

A)The income gap between rich and poor countries has grown worldwide in the last century.
B)The income gap between rich and poor individual has grown worldwide since the 19th century.
C)In recent decades,the number of desperately poor people has declined absolutely.
D)In recent decades,the percentage of poor people has declined.
E)In recent decades,the number of desperately poor people has decreased in the less developed countries.

Question 22

Neoliberalism was a successful development strategy in the early stages of industrialization in which country?

A)Great Britain
B)Germany
C)France
D)U.S.A.
E)China

Question 23

Which of the following countries does NOT maintain substantial tariffs on foreign products?

A)China
B)India
C)U.S.A.
D)Japan
E)none of these choices

Question 24

The United Nations urges the world's 22 richest countries to contribute 0.7 per cent of their Gross Domestic Product to development aid of poor countries.In 2003,only five countries reached that goal.Which country is NOT on that list?

A)Denmark
B)Norway
C)the Netherlands
D)U.S.A.
E)Sweden

Question 25

In the 1980s and 19990s which countries experienced increasing inequality due to openness in free trade and foreign investment?

A)China
B)Chile
C)Mexico
D)Malaysia
E)all of the above

Question 26

Many analysts argue that the world's rich countries and banks should simply write off the debt owed to them by the developing countries in recognition of historical injustices.This idea is supported by:

A)President Bush
B)former President Bill Clinton
C)Canadian Prime Minister Paul Martin
D)all of these choices
E)both Clinton and Martin

Question 27

____ is the growing interdependence and mutual awareness of individuals and economic,political and social institutions.

A)Glocalization
B)Globalization
C)Regionalization
D)Modernization
E)Imperialism

Question 28

Immanuel Wallerstein argues that capitalist development has resulted in the creation of tiers,which he calls:

A)core capitalist countries
B)peripheral countries
C)semiperipheral countries
D)all of these choices
E)core capitalist and peripheral countries only

Question 29

____ is the total dollar value of goods and services produced in a country in a year,based on the nationality of the owners.

A)Gross National Product
B)Gross Domestic Product
C)Gross National Earnings
D)Gross Domestic Earnings
E)None of these choices

Question 30

Which statement is NOT true of Taiwan and Korea?

A)They were colonies of Japan since the turn of the 20th Century.
B)Japan built up their economies.
C)Japan established transportation networks in these countries.
D)Japan destroyed them during the Second World War.
E)After colonialism ended,they were at an advantage compared to most poor countries at that time.

Question 31

According to Brym and Lie,the most conflict-ridden area in the world is:

A)Central America
B)Africa
C)Eastern Europe
D)Southeast Asia
E)China

Question 32

Increasing the amount of foreign aid and redesigning its delivery can help poor countries because:

A)Foreign aid is often beneficial.
B)Some charities waste a lot of money on administration and overhead expenses.
C)Food aid often has detrimental effects on poor countries.
D)all of these choices
E)none of these choices

Question 33

____ is the total dollar value of goods and services produced in a country in a year based on the location of the owners.

A)Gross National Product
B)Gross Domestic product
C)Gross National Earnings
D)Gross Domestic Earnings
E)None of these choices

Question 34

Movies do not always tell the real truth.Which of these statements concerning the Mid East is NOT true?

A)The US abandoned the freedom fighters of Iraq and the fight for democracy.
B)Saddam Hussein ruthlessly suppressed the rebels.
C)The US protected the undemocratic regimes of Kuwait and Saudi Arabia.
D)Most of the Arab world remains impoverished despite the oil wealth in the region.
E)In Saudi Arabia all adult males are encouraged to vote.

Question 35

Land reform,redistributing land to small farmers,was conducted in which countries in the late 1940s and early 1950s?

A)Columbia and Mexico
B)Japan and Thailand
C)Taiwan and South Korea
D)Serbia and Poland
E)Ethiopia and the Congo

Question 36

Which of the following is NOT one of the reforms that Brym and Lie outlined that could change the nature of neoliberal globalization and turn it into democratic globalization?

A)support democracy in developing countries
B)contribute more and better foreign aid
C)forgive the debt owed by developing countries to the rich countries
D)eliminate the tariffs that restrict exports from developing countries
E)none of these choices.They are all included in their four suggested reforms.

Question 37

A large body of research shows that democracy:

A)raises inequality
B)makes it easier for elite groups to misuse their power
C)decreases political stability
D)provides a better investment climate
E)is less inclined to take steps to ensure basic needs like education and health

Question 38

The semiperipheral countries differ from the peripheral countries in all these ways except:

A)racial background
B)geopolitical position
C)state policies
D)social structure
E)type of colonialism

Question 39

According to Brym and Lie,which of these countries may we expect to experience some economic growth in the near future?

A)Chile and Brazil
B)Argentina and Ghana
C)Mexico and Thailand
D)all these choices
E)only Chile,Brazil,Mexico and Thailand

Question 40

Today,which countries are industrializing quickly?

A)France and Germany
B)China and India
C)Columbia and Brazil
D)Bulgaria and Turkey
E)Nigeria and the Congo

Question 41

The ____ countries consist of former colonies that are making considerable headway in their attempts to industrialize.

A)peripheral
B)semiperipheral
C)neoliberal
D)colonial
E)transnational

Question 42

____ views economic underdevelopment as the result of exploitative relations between rich and poor countries.

A)Modernization theory
B)Dependency theory
C)Glocalization
D)Imperialism
E)Globalization

Question 43

According to Brym and Lie,people and institutions across the planet are becoming increasingly aware of and dependent on:

A)one another
B)globalization
C)glocalization
D)foreign aid
E)neoliberalization

Question 44

The ____ countries are former colonies that are poor and are major sources of raw materials and cheap labor.

A)regional
B)peripheral
C)semiperipheral
D)transnational
E)global

Question 45

Global ____ has increased tremendously since industrialization and is still increasing in some respects today.

A)equality
B)inequality
C)imperialism
D)colonialism
E)none of these choices

Question 46

____ is a form of rationalization.Specifically,it refers to the spread of the principles of fast-food restaurants,such as efficiency,predictability,and calculability,to all spheres of life.

A)McDonaldization
B)Glocalization
C)Regionalization
D)Modernization
E)Colonialism

Question 47

According to Brym and Lie,____ is a process that became significant along with the development of capitalism and world exploration about 500 years ago.

A)foreign aid
B)globalization
C)glocalization
D)transnational regionalism
E)modernization theory

Question 48

____ is the division of the world into different and often competing economic,political and cultural areas.

A)Imperialism
B)Globalization
C)Glocalization
D)Regionalism
E)Colonialism

Question 49

____ holds that economic underdevelopment results from poor countries lacking Western attributes.These attributes include Western values,business practices and stable governments.

A)Dependency theory
B)Modernization theory
C)Globalization theory
D)Regionalization theory
E)Glocalization theory

Question 50

____ creates a world that is more homogeneous in some ways and more localized in others.It also generates its own opposition.

A)Foreign aid
B)Globalization
C)Glocalization
D)Transnational regionalism
E)Colonialism

Question 51

The ____ capitalist countries are rich countries,such as the United States,Japan and Germany that are the major sources of capital and technology in the world.

A)global
B)peripheral
C)semiperipheral
D)core
E)neoliberal

Question 52

____ is the simultaneous homogenization of some aspects of life and the strengthening of some local differences under the impact of globalization.

A)Colonialism
B)McDonaldization
C)Glocalization
D)Regionalization
E)Peripheralization

Question 53

____ is the economic domination of one country by another.

A)Glocalization
B)Globalization
C)McDonaldization
D)Imperialism
E)Colonialism

Question 54

In most well documented cases,recent openness to international trade and foreign investment brought no increase in inequality to:

A)China
B)Taiwan
C)Mexico
D)Malaysia
E)Chile

Question 55

____ are large businesses that rely increasingly on foreign labor and foreign production; sills and advances in design,technology and management; world markets; and massive advertising campaigns.

A)Globalizations
B)Glocalizations
C)Regionalizations
D)Imperialisms
E)Transnational corporations

Question 56

A ____ is a worldwide network of labor and production processes whose end result is a finished commodity.

A)global commodity chain
B)glocalization
C)globalization
D)McDonaldization
E)neoliberal globalization

Question 57

____ refers to the control of developing societies by more developed,powerful societies.

A)Glocalization
B)Globalization
C)Colonialism
D)McDonaldization
E)Regionalization

Question 58

Those who argue against globalization say it is turning the world into a more ____ place.

A)equal
B)unequal
C)unnatural
D)pleasant
E)natural

Question 59

Individual nation states give up some of their ____ when they join international organizations or sign international agreements.

A)dependence
B)independence
C)cooperation
D)imperialism
E)regionalization

Question 60

____ is a policy that promotes private control of industry,minimal government interference in the running of the economy,the removal of taxes,tariffs,and restrictive regulations that discourage the international buying and selling of goods and services,and the encouragement of foreign investment.

A)Modernization theory
B)McDonaldization
C)Imperialism
D)Regionalization
E)Neoliberal globalization

Question 61

When we buy a commodity,we often tap into a(n)____.

A)global commodity chain
B)imperialist community
C)network of glocalization
D)neoliberal organization
E)peripheral environment

Question 62

The United Nations calls the level of inequality worldwide:

A)manageable
B)unmanageable
C)incalculable
D)grotesque
E)growing

Question 63

In 1992 political scientist Benjamin Barber published an important book titled ____ vs.McWorld.

A)Colonialism
B)Imperialism
C)Glocalization
D)Rain forests
E)Jihad

Question 64

Globalization implies that which of the following actually influence your life:

A)the price of tea in China
B)the condition of the rain forest in Brazil
C)the outcome of the war in Chechnya
D)the revival of traditional Celtic dance in Ireland
E)all of these choices

Question 65

Antiglobalization activists suggest that globalization is a form of:

A)modernization.
B)imperialism
C)development.
D)All of the above.
E)None of the above.

Question 66

One of the consequences of globalization is that it is ____ the world,making the whole world look like the United States.

A)modernizing
B)homogenizing
C)colonializing
D)liberalizing
E)peripheralizing

Question 67

Today,____ and ____ maintain among the highest barriers to international trade in the world.

A)China,India
B)Canada,France
C)Mexico,Spain
D)Switzerland,Austria
E)Italy,Russia

Question 68

The fact that world trade is not evenly distributed around the planet or dominated by just one country is an example of:

A)regionalization.
B)glocalization.
C)underdevelopment.
D)development.
E)None of the above.

Question 69

Some anti-globalization activists suggest that globalization is a form of ____,the economic domination of one country by another.

A)colonialism
B)imperialism
C)glocalization
D)regionalization
E)modernizationism

Question 70

Those who see globalization merely as homogenization also ignore the ____ of the world,the division of the world into different and often competing economic,political and cultural areas.

A)colonialization
B)modernization
C)liberalization
D)regionalization
E)peripheralization

Question 71

Which theory suggests that global inequality is a result of poor countries lacking Western attributes such as Western values and business practices?

A)dependency theory
B)modernization theory
C)world system theory
D)All of the above.
E)None of the above.

Question 72

Transnational corporations are different from traditional corporations in what way?

A)Traditional corporations extract natural resources or manufacture industrial goods.Transnational corporations emphasize skills and advances in design,technology,and management.
B)Traditional corporations work with or under national governments.Transnational corporations are increasingly autonomous from national governments.
C)Traditional corporation sell to domestic markets.Transnational corporations depend increasingly on world markets.
D)Traditional corporations rely on domestic labor and domestic productions.Transnational corporations depend increasingly on foreign labor and foreign production.
E)All of the above.

Question 73

In the 1990s Nike's Indonesian workers were

A)paid 14 cents an hour
B)beaten
C)sexually harassed
D)fired for trying to organize a union
E)all of these choices

Question 74

The expansion of Islam,especially in its politically active form,is a form of ____ integration.

A)colonial
B)imperial
C)global
D)regional
E)peripheral

Question 75

Which is NOT a new means of colonization today?

A)substantial foreign investment.
B)ecolonization of the third world.
C)support for authoritarian governments.
D)mounting debt.
E)All of the above are new means of colonization.

Question 76

According to the United Nations,____ of the world's population are poor,defined as lacking the ability to obtain adequate food,clothing,shelter and other basic needs.

A)one fourth
B)one fifth
C)one third
D)one half
E)two thirds

Question 77

Beginning around 1500 the armed forces of the world's most powerful countries subdued and then annexed or colonized most of:

A)the rest of the world
B)China
C)Europe
D)Asia
E)South America

Question 78

Politically,we can see regionalization in the growth of ____.

A)China
B)Israel
C)Japan
D)Germany
E)the European Union

Question 79

Of the 1.3 billion people around the world living on $1 a day or less,1 billion of them are ____.

A)Chinese
B)African
C)children
D)women
E)men

Question 80

The idea of McDonaldization extends Weber's concept of ____,the application of the most efficient means to achieve given ends.

A)colonialism
B)glocalization
C)rationalism
D)peripheralism
E)neoliberalization