Deck 1: Introduction to Wellness, Fitness, and Lifestyle Management

Question 1

Which dimension of wellness includes optimism,trust,and self-confidence?

A) physical wellness
B) emotional wellness
C) spiritual wellness
D) interpersonal wellness.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which characteristic helps improve interpersonal and social wellness?

A) a network of caring people
B) a great degree of self confidence
C) good physical health
D) an active, creative mind

Answer 2

A

Question 3

What is a characteristic of the U.S.government's Healthy People Reports?

A) It fails to address physical activity and nutrition.
B) It is updated every 2 years.
C) It only includes broad wellness related goals.
D) It seeks to achieve a better quality of life for Americans.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

What was the approximate life expectancy in 1900?

A) 50 years
B) 60 years
C) 70 years
D) 80 years

Question 5

What does physical wellness encompass?

A) eating well
B) self confidence
C) compassion
D) a support network

Question 6

Which is an indication of financial wellness?

A) having many credit cards
B) controlling one's use of credit cards
C) maintaining a high debt
D) investing instead of saving

Question 7

Which type of condition is defined as a disease that develops and continues over a long period?

A) chronic disease
B) infectious disease
C) terminal disease
D) subclinical disease

Question 8

Approximately what percentage of Americans gets no leisure-time activity?

A) 20%
B) 40%
C) 60%
D) 80%

Question 9

Which of the following describes occupational wellness?

A) the ability to manage money
B) the level of fulfillment gained from one's work
C) the livability of one's surroundings
D) the quality of one's communication skills

Question 10

Which activity best describes emotional wellness?

A) taking time to explore your thoughts and feelings
B) getting regular medical checkups
C) being open to new ideas
D) finding principles by which to live your life

Question 11

What is an example of the ability to think critically?

A) emotional wellness
B) intellectual wellness
C) interpersonal and social wellness
D) spiritual wellness

Question 12

Which type of wellness does the ability to live within your means and to manage one's money define?

A) interpersonal
B) financial
C) environmental
D) spiritual

Question 13

What was the most serious threat to one's health in the early 1900s?

A) coronary heart disease
B) cancer
C) infectious disease
D) stroke

Question 14

What are the three leading causes of death for Americans between 15 and 24 years old?

A) heart disease, stroke, and cancer
B) heart disease, cancer, and suicide
C) accidents, homicide, and suicide
D) homicide, suicide, and cancer

Question 15

What are the three leading causes of death in the United States?

A) cancer, diabetes, and cirrhosis
B) hypertension, stroke, and heart disease
C) heart disease, cancer, and chronic lower respiratory diseases
D) diabetes, osteoporosis, and cirrhosis

Question 16

How has the average life expectancy changed in the past 100 years?

A) Life expectancy has decreased by 10 years.
B) Life expectancy has increased by 10 years.
C) Life expectancy has nearly doubled in length.
D) Life expectancy has nearly tripled in length.

Question 17

Which best describes spiritual wellness?

A) participation in community work
B) prevention of injuries
C) an ability to share feelings with others
D) possession of a set of guiding beliefs that give meaning to life

Question 18

Which is one of the seven dimensions of wellness?

A) logical wellness
B) ecological wellness
C) dietary wellness
D) spiritual wellness

Question 19

Which type of wellness does protecting one's self from exposure to toxic substances in the workplace demonstrate?

A) social
B) spiritual
C) intellectual
D) environmental

Question 20

What element does environmental wellness include?

A) trust
B) communication skills
C) meditation
D) waste reduction

Question 21

What is a characteristic of the typical American diet?

A) It is too low in calories.
B) It is too high in fiber.
C) It is too low in sugar.
D) It is too high in unhealthy fats.

Question 22

What is true about the factors involved in wellness?

A) They are entirely outside of individual control.
B) The often interact with each other.
C) They are difficult to identify.
D) They are easy to change.

Question 23

What is the most effective way of dealing with disease?

A) medication
B) prevention
C) rehabilitation
D) surgery

Question 24

How does setting realistic,specific goals help a person change unwanted behavior?

A) It forces the person to take on the harder steps first.
B) It reduces the number of rewards the person can receive.
C) It makes the ultimate goal seem more manageable.
D) It takes the focus off the person's ultimate goal.

Question 25

When choosing a target behavior to change,how can one maximize her chances of success?

A) change all negative behaviors at once
B) start with a complicated behavior first
C) start with something simple
D) start changing multiple behaviors

Question 26

Which can be the result of excessive alcohol consumption?

A) excessive sleeping
B) fewer accidental deaths
C) lower weight
D) acts of violence

Question 27

What best describes a person who is 25 pounds overweight and who has tried a variety of diets? S/he defends her or his weight by claiming all of her or his relatives are overweight,and none has successfully lost weight.

A) unmotivated
B) an external locus of control
C) an internal locus of control
D) a victim of heredity

Question 28

What is the best definition for self-efficacy?

A) the figurative "place" that is responsible for events in a person's life
B) a person's belief she or he can take action and perform a specific task
C) events that occur but are unrelated to behavior change
D) events that occur but are beyond an individual's control

Question 29

According to the "stages of change" model of changing behavior,which stage includes people who begin to make small changes in their behavior?

A) contemplation stage
B) preparation stage
C) maintenance stage
D) action stage

Question 30

What is the key to a successful behavior change program?

A) identifying multiple target behaviors
B) speed and aggressiveness
C) a plan that sets goals
D) a qualified therapist

Question 31

What can result from appropriate stress management?

A) a decreased susceptibility to diseases
B) fatigue
C) sleep disturbances
D) an inefficient immune system

Question 32

Which condition can result from a diet high in calories,fat,and low in fiber?

A) high blood pressure
B) pneumonia
C) kidney stones
D) gall stones

Question 33

Which is the last step in a behavior change program?

A) analyze data
B) make contract.
C) monitor behavior.
D) set goals

Question 34

What can happen when a person has an external locus of control and believes s/he has a genetic predisposition to cancer?

A) S/he can reinforce her or his motivation to take appropriate action.
B) S/he can sabotage her or his efforts to take appropriate action.
C) S/he can enhance her or his focus of control.
D) S/he can gain a greater sense of control over her or his life.

Question 35

What is the best definition of locus of control?

A) strong motivational powers that a person has available to him or her
B) the figurative "place" considered responsible for events in a person's life
C) the friends, family, and opponents who influence a person's life
D) a reward system that is responsible for positive lifestyle changes

Question 36

What is one outcome of a healthy diet?

A) sufficient energy and nutrients
B) an increased risk of heart disease
C) insufficient nutrients
D) an increased risk of high blood pressure

Question 37

Which identifies the precontemplation stage in the "stages of change" model?

A) awareness of the problem
B) modification of behavior
C) belief that there is no need for change
D) planning for change

Question 38

What is a good strategy for achieving and maintaining a healthy body weight?

A) short-term diets
B) colon cleansing
C) high-protein diets
D) regular exercise

Question 39

What is the first step in changing a health-related behavior?

A) making a personal contract
B) obtaining knowledge and information
C) identifying the target behavior
D) setting specific goals

Question 40

Which condition is associated with tobacco use?

A) compromised immune systems
B) liver disease
C) a small number of deaths each year
D) the top causes of death in the United States

Question 41

The wellness concept defines health as the absence of disease.

Question 42

Approximately 75% of all Americans exercise regularly.

Question 43

Most health problems occur at the same rate for men and for women.

Question 44

A goal of The Healthy People Initiative is to eliminate health disparities among Americans.

Question 45

What preparatory step may be necessary when devising a strategy or plan of action?

A) purchasing walking shoes for a fitness class
B) selecting a behavior to change
C) rewarding yourself with a movie
D) determining which events trigger the behavior

Question 46

In a behavior change program,what might create a trap that is related to social influences?

A) enlisting the aid of friends in your pursuit
B) selecting behaviors to target
C) trying to get friends or family to change their behavior
D) breaking your steps into smaller tasks

Question 47

Which is an example of modifying your environment to support change?

A) asking a roommate to swim with you 3 times per week
B) buying a new CD after completing 2 weeks of a behavior change program
C) studying in the library instead of near the student union snack bar
D) posting your exercise log in a prominent place

Question 48

Prevention is the most effective way of dealing with chronic disease.

Question 49

What is an example of an appropriate reward for achieving a behavior change goal?

A) eating a favorite food
B) drinking alcohol
C) seeing a movie
D) going out to dinner with friends

Question 50

Which is an example of procrastination?

A) I wanted to exercise today, but my favorite workout clothes were dirty.
B) I better wait until after the semester break to start my program.
C) I didn't exercise because my workout partner never called me.
D) I hate to have other people see me exercising.

Question 51

Which is an example of rationalization?

A) I'll start an exercise program just as soon as the semester is over.
B) Next year is when I'll start to exercise.
C) I couldn't exercise today because I had to visit a friend.
D) I don't exercise, because I don't like it.

Question 52

What may occur when there is a stress barrier to a behavior change plan?

A) It will remain throughout the changing process.
B) It will help motivate you to do your best.
C) It should be ignored.
D) It may require you to make stress management a higher priority.

Question 53

Which is an example of blaming?

A) I'll start my walking program when I get some sunscreen.
B) My workout partner did not call me to go to the fitness center.
C) I'll begin my exercise program when next semester starts.
D) I did not have time to dry my hair before work, so I'll walk tomorrow.

Question 54

Self-confidence is one characteristic of a person who possesses good emotional health.

Question 55

In 1900,a person was most likely to die of chronic diseases.

Question 56

Regular exercise is a crucial factor in preventing chronic disease.

Question 57

Which strategy can aid in behavior change?

A) having social support
B) implementing a test plan
C) reacting to challenges
D) withholding rewards

Question 58

What is a characteristic of the techniques and level of effort required by a behavior change program?

A) They should never change.
B) They should always be easy.
C) They may need to be evaluated.
D) They may not help achieve a goal.

Question 59

What does a personal contract for behavior change include?

A) it is objective and gives details of a person's plan for behavior change
B) a record of the circumstances surrounding a person's target behavior
C) prioritizes the behaviors that you are considering changing
D) an assessment of a person's motivation for changing a health behavior

Question 60

What is one way to ensure that a behavior change program continues?

A) Avoid anticipating potential problems.
B) Change the parts of the plan that are problems.
C) Ignore the reactions of your friends.
D) Try to get a friend to change their behavior, too.

Question 61

People in the contemplation stage of change plan to take action within a month.

Question 62

Discuss the role that lifestyle choices play in determining quality of life.Give at least three examples of healthy lifestyle choices,and explain how they promote quality of life and overall wellness.

Question 63

An external locus of control reinforces motivation and commitment during a behavior change program.

Question 64

What is the leading cause of preventable death? What does the term "preventable death" mean?

Question 65

Women are at a greater risk for depression than are men.

Question 66

Describe the differences between the major health problems and the leading causes of death in 1900 and in 2000.List two public health developments that contributed to the shift in the leading causes of death during the twentieth century.

Question 67

For each of the following scenarios,describe a stage of change that is represented and provide two appropriate strategies to help the person move forward in the cycle of change.
1)José wants to get back into shape,but he can't figure out how to fit activity into his day and doesn't know what to do next about his desire to change.
2)Jalyse has tried unsuccessfully to quit smoking in the past and now assumes that she won't ever be able to quit.
3)Will has decided to improve his diet beginning in two weeks; he has already started to change by eating cereal for breakfast at home one day per week rather than picking up his usual fast-food breakfast on the way to his first class.

Question 68

Define the seven dimensions of wellness.List two behaviors or habits that would promote the development of each.

Question 69

Breaking a plan into smaller steps that a person can accomplish one day at a time may reduce procrastination.

Question 70

Identify and describe the two broad national goals of Healthy People 2010.Give at least two examples of specific objectives.

Question 71

Food rewards are highly recommended for successful behavior change.

Question 72

List the five major steps in a behavior change plan of action.Select a target behavior,and briefly describe how you would apply the steps to that behavior.

Question 73

List at least five benefits of physical activity,and describe how they contribute to wellness.