Deck 12: Cancer

Question 1

Which is the most common type of cancer in women?

A) lung
B) breast
C) colorectal
D) skin

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which statement about the prostate gland is TRUE?

A) The prostate gland is located at the base of the bladder.
B) The prostate gland is enclosed in the scrotum.
C) When shrunken, the prostate gland can block the flow of urine.
D) The prostate gland does not produce seminal fluid.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which is the best description of cancer?

A) a rapid growth of cells within an enclosed membrane
B) an abnormal and uncontrollable multiplication of cells
C) an infectious disease that is often fatal
D) tumors that cause death

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The American Cancer Society recommends routine use of mammography to detect breast cancer for women over what age?

A) 20 years
B) 30 years
C) 40 years
D) 50 years

Question 5

What do obesity and alcohol use have in common that increases breast cancer risk?

A) They increase glucose levels in the blood.
B) They increase estrogen levels in the blood.
C) They raise LDL cholesterol.
D) They lower triglyceride levels.

Question 6

Jose has a family history of colon cancer.What should he do to lower his personal risk of the disease?

A) decrease his intake of fruits and vegetables
B) stop exercising regularly
C) increase his intake of red meat
D) take a small, regular dose of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Question 7

What is the most common cause of cancer death in the United States?

A) breast cancer
B) colon and rectal cancer
C) prostate cancer
D) lung cancer

Question 8

Which is true of environmental tobacco smoke?

A) It is a harmless substance.
B) It is a risk factor for lung cancer.
C) It is only dangerous in people with a family history of cancer.
D) It is a risk factor for prostate cancer.

Question 9

Which is a signal of colon and rectal cancer?

A) high fever
B) headaches
C) cramping
D) rectal bleeding

Question 10

Which is a risk factor for breast cancer?

A) lack of alcohol use
B) early motherhood
C) obesity
D) late onset of menstruation

Question 11

Which is the most common cancer in men?

A) colon cancer
B) prostate cancer
C) lung cancer
D) leukemia

Question 12

When does metastasis occur?

A) when a tumor grows and interferes with body functions
B) when cancerous cells divide rapidly within an organ
C) when cancer cells break off and invade other body parts
D) when a nonmalignant cell grows slowly

Question 13

Which of the following is linked to 30% of cancer deaths?

A) heredity/family history
B) smoking
C) pollution
D) ultraviolet radiation

Question 14

What is the primary difference between a benign tumor and a malignant tumor?

A) Malignant tumors can spread to other sites in the body.
B) Benign tumors do not have symptoms.
C) Malignant tumors are more difficult to detect.
D) Benign tumors are made up of different types of cells than the surrounding tissue.

Question 15

About how many people are diagnosed with cancer each year?

A) 500,000
B) 1.5 million
C) 5.5 million
D) 10.5 million

Question 16

What is the name for substances that cause cancer?

A) mutagens
B) oncogenes
C) initiators
D) carcinogens

Question 17

Which risk factor is associated with prostate cancer?

A) an active lifestyle
B) a diet rich in vegetable fiber
C) a diet low in calories
D) a history of sexually transmitted diseases

Question 18

What is the chief risk factor for lung cancer?

A) family history
B) alcohol
C) air pollution
D) tobacco smoke

Question 19

How can prostate cancer be detected?

A) palpitative examination
B) radiation.
C) ultrasound
D) HDL test

Question 20

What is a common test useful in early detection of colon cancers?

A) stool blood test
B) serum lipid panel
C) surgery
D) biopsy

Question 21

Which is the most dangerous type of skin cancer?

A) melanoma
B) basal cell carcinoma
C) lymphoma
D) squamous cell carcinoma

Question 22

Which group is at an increased risk for developing skin cancer?

A) people with naturally dark skin
B) people who use tanning lamps
C) people with no family history of skin cancer.
D) people with bleached blond hair.

Question 23

The Pap test is used to help detect which type of cancer?

A) cervical
B) ovarian
C) breast
D) endometrial

Question 24

What is the name for cancer of the uterus?

A) prostate
B) endometrial
C) estrogen
D) cervical

Question 25

How often should men perform testicular self-examination (TSE)?

A) weekly
B) monthly
C) annually
D) every 3 years

Question 26

What is the most common cancer for men aged 20 to 35?

A) lung cancer
B) prostate cancer
C) colon cancer
D) testicular cancer

Question 27

Which is characteristic of a skin lesion that may be a melanoma?

A) diameter greater than one-quarter inch
B) symmetrical shape
C) solid dark color
D) smooth border

Question 28

To what substance or activity is oral cancer traced?

A) nitrates and sulfates
B) excess use of alcohol
C) chewing gum
D) chewing celery sticks instead of smoking

Question 29

Which best describes leukemia?

A) a benign disease of the lymph system
B) a malignant disease of the white blood cells
C) a non-melanoma skin cancer
D) a benign disorder of glucose metabolism

Question 30

Which of the following risk factors is most clearly linked with skin cancer?

A) eating a high-fat diet
B) smoking cigarettes
C) exposing skin to ultraviolet radiation
D) drinking alcoholic beverages

Question 31

Which infection puts women at risk for cervical cancer?

A) pneumonia
B) hepatitis
C) human papillomavirus (HPV)
D) streptococcus

Question 32

A diet that is high in which food may increase risk of prostate cancer?

A) cruciferous vegetables
B) dairy foods
C) tomatoes
D) soy

Question 33

Which is a risk factor for cervical cancer?

A) high-fat diet
B) aging
C) smoking
D) early onset of menstruation

Question 34

Which statement about ovarian cancer is TRUE?

A) It is relatively rare but has a high death rate.
B) It is detectable with Pap tests.
C) It decreases in incidence with age.
D) It has obvious early warning signs.

Question 35

Which statement about ultraviolet radiation is true?

A) It's best to avoid outdoor activity in the late afternoon, because the sun's rays are most intense after 3 P.M.
B) Swimming is a good choice of outdoor activity, because ultraviolet rays cannot penetrate water.
C) Sand reflects ultraviolet radiation, so beach-goers need to wear sunscreen even if they sit under a beach umbrella.
D) Sunscreen is not needed at high elevations because the atmosphere at high altitude filters out most ultraviolet radiation.

Question 36

What controls the production of a protein?

A) genes
B) chromosomes
C) oncogenes
D) mutations

Question 37

Melissa uses a sunscreen with an SPF rating of 20.This does this mean?

A) She can stay in the sun for 20 minutes without getting tanned or burned.
B) She can stay in the sun 20 times longer without getting burned than if she didn't use it.
C) She is protected against the full range of ultraviolet radiation.
D) Her sunscreen contains 20 different ingredients to block ultraviolet radiation.

Question 38

Where can melanoma occur?

A) only on the face or neck.
B) only near moles.
C) only on areas that have been sunburned.
D) anywhere on the body.

Question 39

Which statement about Ultraviolet B (UVB)radiation is TRUE?

A) It causes sunburn.
B) It is the primary type of radiation emitted from tanning beds.
C) It is not linked to skin cancer.
D) It has a longer wavelength than UVA radiation.

Question 40

Which statement regarding testicle self-examination is TRUE?

A) It is best performed before a shower or bath.
B) It should be done bi-monthly.
C) It is recommended only for men who are sexually active.
D) It should be performed using a gentle rolling motion.

Question 41

Colon cancer rarely occurs before age 40.

Question 42

A diet high in which foods is associated with increased risk of oral cancers?

A) fiber
B) fat
C) alcohol
D) fruits and vegetables

Question 43

Which diagnostic test can help identify colon cancer early?

A) breast self-examinations for women beginning in their 60's
B) flexible sigmoidoscopies every 5 years beginning at age 50.
C) prostate-specific antigen tests for men beginning in their 70's
D) Pap tests for women beginning in their 40's

Question 44

The spread of cancer cells to parts of the body distant from the site of the original tumor is called metastasis.

Question 45

Every case of cancer begins with a change in a cell that allows it to grow and divide when it should not.

Question 46

A diet high in which foods is linked to high rates of colon and prostate cancer?

A) fat and meat
B) fiber
C) carotenoids
D) nitrosamines

Question 47

Which causes 80% of the cases of liver cancer worldwide?

A) hepatitis B and C viruses
B) Epstein-Barr virus
C) human herpesvirus 8
D) Helicobacter pylori bacterium

Question 48

Late-onset of menstruation and early-onset of menopause are risk factors for breast cancer.

Question 49

Which naturally occurring substances found in plant foods can help prevent chronic diseases?

A) nitrosamines
B) anticarcinogens
C) phytochemicals
D) free radicals

Question 50

What is the use of drugs to destroy rapidly growing cancer cells called?

A) radiation
B) surgery
C) chemotherapy
D) transplanting

Question 51

Tobacco smoke is the chief risk factor for lung cancer.

Question 52

Benign tumors are capable of invading surrounding structures and spreading to distant sites.

Question 53

Which is a good source of phytochemicals?

A) lean portion of beef
B) nonfat milk
C) halibut
D) broccoli

Question 54

Which is an example of a cancer promoter?

A) STDs
B) estrogen
C) smoking
D) asbestos

Question 55

Which potentially dangerous additive exists in processed meats?

A) sulforaphane
B) nitrates
C) sodium chloride
D) glucose

Question 56

A persistent cough or chest pain can be a warning sign for lung cancer.

Question 57

Which food is recommended for cancer risk reduction?

A) pork
B) yellow or orange fruits and vegetables
C) potatoes and yams
D) onions and celery

Question 58

Which is a source of radiation?

A) radioisotopes
B) heterocyclic amines
C) ultrasound tests
D) television screens

Question 59

Cancer is the leading cause of death in the United States.

Question 60

Cancer is an abnormal and uncontrollable multiplication of cells or tissue that leads to death if untreated.

Question 61

Explain the difference between a benign tumor and a malignant tumor,and include a description of metastasis in the answer.

Question 62

Folic acid and calcium may provide protection against the development of cancer.

Question 63

If not detected early,basal cell carcinoma is the most dangerous form of skin cancer.

Question 64

Ninety percent of breast lumps turn out to be malignant.

Question 65

Pancreatic cancer is usually not detected until it has reached an advanced stage.

Question 66

About 15% of cancer deaths are related to general environmental pollution.

Question 67

Choose one of the common cancers and briefly describe the cancer.Outline its risk factors,signs/symptoms,and treatment.List at least three lifestyle strategies for prevention.

Question 68

Exposure to ultraviolet radiation is the primary cause of skin cancers.

Question 69

The Epstein-Barr virus that causes mononucleosis also is link to some stomach cancers.

Question 70

African American men have an increased risk of prostate cancer compared with other populations.

Question 71

Use of tanning lamps is not linked to skin cancer,because tanning lamps emit a safe form of UV radiation.

Question 72

Physical activity is known to reduce the inflammatory response and to boost immune function.

Question 73

Excess alcohol use is a risk factor for several types of cancer.

Question 74

Nitrates in food can inhibit cancer cell development.

Question 75

The primary risk factors for oral cancer are tobacco use and excessive alcohol consumption.

Question 76

Unprotected sex is a risk factor for cervical cancer.

Question 77

Prostate cancers can sometimes be detected with a blood test.

Question 78

Estrogen is an example of a cancer promoter,because it stimulates cellular growth in the female reproductive organs.

Question 79

Uterine cancer affects mostly younger women.

Question 80

The majority of women with breast cancer have a family history of the disease.