Deck 8: Joints of the Skeletal System

Question 1

Bones of a synovial joint are held together by

A) a synovial membrane.
B) a joint capsule.
C) a meniscus.
D) articular cartilage.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Fibrocartilage discs that divide the joint into two compartments are called

A) menisci.
B) bursae.
C) tendons.
D) ligaments.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Joints are also called

A) annotations.
B) articulations.
C) affectations.
D) affiliations.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

A tooth root attached to a jawbone by a periodontal ligament is a _____ .

A) synchondrosis
B) syndesmosis
C) gomphosis
D) synovial joint

Question 5

Types of fibrous joints include

A) synarthrotic, amphiarthrotic, and diarthrotic joints.
B) syndesmosis, suture, and gomphosis joints.
C) synchondrosis, symphysis, and synovial joints.
D) pivot, condylar, and ellipsoidal joints.

Question 6

Which of the following is not a synovial joint?

A) Condylar
B) Ball-and-socket
C) Hinge
D) Symphysis

Question 7

A suture is an example of a(n)

A) fibrous joint.
B) cartilagenous joint.
C) synovial joint.
D) plane joint.

Question 8

A gomphosis is a ______ joint.

A) fibrous
B) cartilagenous
C) synovial
D) synchondrosis

Question 9

A fibrous joint in which an interosseous ligament binds bones is a

A) suture.
B) syndesmosis.
C) gomphosis.
D) symphysis.

Question 10

A synchondrosis

A) allows bone growth.
B) equalizes pressure between vertebrae.
C) includes a joint capsule.
D) allows free movement.

Question 11

A joint capsule is reinforced by

A) tendons binding articular ends of bones together.
B) articular cartilage cushioning ends of bones.
C) ligaments binding articular ends of bones together.
D) hyaline cartilage providing strength to the capsule walls.

Question 12

Greg trips over a toy and experiences a sharp pain. His physician diagnoses a torn meniscus. Greg has injured his

A) knee joint.
B) elbow joint.
C) shoulder joint.
D) hip joint.

Question 13

Joints

A) bind bones.
B) allow bones to grow.
C) enable body parts to move.
D) all of the above.

Question 14

Classifying joints as synarthrotic, amphiarthrotic, or diarthrotic represents

A) location in the body.
B) the composition of the joint.
C) the number of bones that the joint affects.
D) the degree of movement possible at the joint.

Question 15

A synovial membrane

A) is very thick with many layers of cells.
B) secretes serous fluid.
C) secretes mucus.
D) secretes synovial fluid.

Question 16

Articular cartilage receives oxygen and nutrients from

A) a direct blood supply.
B) blood vessels in underlying spongy bone.
C) surrounding synovial fluid.
D) chondrocytes.

Question 17

Which of the following is not a type of fibrous joint?

A) Syndesmosis
B) Coronal suture
C) Gomphosis
D) Symphysis

Question 18

The joint between adjacent vertebral bodies is a

A) symphysis that is amphiarthrotic.
B) symphysis that is synarthrotic.
C) symphysis that is diarthrotic.
D) synovial that is synarthrotic.

Question 19

Fluid-filled sacs containing synovial fluid are called

A) bursae.
B) menisci.
C) ligaments.
D) tendons.

Question 20

Cartilagenous joints are connected by

A) synovial fluid.
B) fibrous connective tissue.
C) hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage.
D) a joint capsule.

Question 21

Which of the following correctly pairs a term with its definition?

A) Extension-bending the leg at the knee or decreasing the angle between the upper and lower leg
B) Abduction-lifting the arm horizontally to form a right angle with the side of the body or moving a part away from the midline
C) Flexion-straightening parts at a joint so that the angle between them is increased
D) Adduction-moving a part in a circle or returning the arm from the horizontal position to the front of the body

Question 22

The hip joint has less freedom of movement than the shoulder joint because

A) the joint capsule of the hip is surrounded by muscles and the shoulder is not.
B) the articulating parts of the hip are closer together than those of the shoulder.
C) the hip joint capsule is less elastic than the shoulder.
D) the hip has more supportive ligaments than the shoulder.

Question 23

Most of the joints in the ankle and wrist are

A) hinge joints.
B) pivot joints.
C) plane joints.
D) condylar joints.

Question 24

Displacement of a joint is called

A) bursitis.
B) sprain.
C) dislocation.
D) arthritis.

Question 25

Movements permitted by the elbow joint between the humerus and the ulna are

A) adduction, flexion, and extension.
B) movement in any plane.
C) flexion and extension.
D) rotation and circumduction.

Question 26

Disuse of the joints ____________ which hastens stiffening.

A) causes arthritis
B) causes injuries
C) hampers blood flow
D) degenerates cartilage

Question 27

Connie recently celebrated her 45^th birthday. She feels okay most of the day, but in the morning, for about a half hour after she gets out of bed, all of her joints feel stiff. This is due to

A) sprains.
B) torn ligaments.
C) changes in collagen structure.
D) nerve damage.

Question 28

A movement that brings the foot closer to the shin is a(n)

A) extension.
B) abduction.
C) plantar flexion.
D) dorsiflexion.

Question 29

The radial collateral ligament is associated with the

A) hip joint.
B) shoulder joint.
C) knee joint.
D) elbow joint.

Question 30

In which of the following is rotational movement possible?

A) Ball-and-socket joint
B) Condylar joint
C) Hinge joint
D) Pelvic joint

Question 31

The rotator cuff of the shoulder is composed mainly of

A) adipose and epithelial tissue.
B) articular cartilage.
C) epithelium and loose connective tissue.
D) tendons and fibrous connective tissue.

Question 32

Activity and exercise

A) make joints more vulnerable to injury.
B) hasten osteoarthritis.
C) keep joints functional longer.
D) increase joint stiffness.

Question 33

Which of the following is an infection?

A) Osteoarthritis
B) A sprain
C) Bursitis
D) Lyme disease

Question 34

The largest and most complex synovial joint is the

A) hip joint.
B) knee joint.
C) elbow joint.
D) shoulder joint.

Question 35

A muscle end attached to a less movable or relatively fixed part is called the

A) symphysis.
B) articulation.
C) origin.
D) insertion.

Question 36

The coracohumeral ligament is associated with the

A) knee joint.
B) hip joint.
C) elbow joint.
D) shoulder joint.

Question 37

Artificial joints are built of

A) glucosamine and chondroitin.
B) silicone polymers for small joints and metals for large joints.
C) silicone polymers for large joints and metals for small joints.
D) proteins for small joints and carbohydrates for large joints.

Question 38

Movement that brings the foot farther from the shin is a(n)

A) plantar flexion.
B) hyperextension.
C) rotation.
D) dorsiflexion.

Question 39

Which of the following movements could occur at the hip joint?

A) Abduction and adduction
B) Rotation
C) Flexion and extension
D) All of the above

Question 40

Glucosamine and chondroitin are

A) dietary supplements from fish skeletons.
B) proteins found in joints that are taken as dietary supplements.
C) dietary supplements from shells and cow cartilage.
D) dietary supplements from human cadavers.

Question 41

The fibrous joints between the flat bones of the skull are sutures.

Question 42

Kicking a soccer ball is flexion of the leg at the knee joint as the foot draws back and then extension as it contacts the ball.

Question 43

Which of the following best describes the causes of common forms of arthritis?

A) Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis are autoimmune diseases.
B) Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis are caused by effects of aging.
C) Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease and osteoarthritis is caused by effects of aging.
D) Rheumatoid arthritis is caused by effects of aging and osteoarthritis is an autoimmune disease.

Question 44

A sprain involves

A) inflammation of bursae.
B) overstretched or torn ligaments and tendons in a joint.
C) dislocation of bones in joint.
D) overuse of a joint.

Question 45

A synchondrosis is a cartilaginous joint.

Question 46

Synovial fluid moistens and lubricates the cartilaginous surfaces in a joint.

Question 47

The symphysis pubis is a fibrous joint.

Question 48

The synovial membrane reabsorbs fluid and may help remove substances from an infected joint cavity.

Question 49

A saddle joint forms between bones whose articulating surfaces have both convex and concave regions.

Question 50

Moving a part away from the midline is abduction.

Question 51

Ossification typically completes after age 40.

Question 52

Closed, fluid-filled sacs that function as cushions are called bursae.

Question 53

A meniscus cushions articulating surfaces of bones.

Question 54

The type of synovial joint in which only rotation may occur is a pivot joint.

Question 55

In a push-up, the elbow joint flexes as the person lowers.

Question 56

A condylar joint allows only up-and-down motion in one plane.

Question 57

Rotation of the forearms so the palms face upward is called pronation.

Question 58

In rheumatoid arthritis

A) the synovial membrane becomes inflamed and thickens, forming a mass.
B) articular cartilage is damaged and fibrous tissue invades.
C) fibrous tissues ossify and bones fuse.
D) all of the above.

Question 59

The hip joint allows a greater freedom of movement than the shoulder joint.

Question 60

A ball-and-socket joint is also called an ellipsoidal joint.

Question 61

A shiny, vascular lining of loose connective tissue that forms the inner layer of the joint capsule is the _______ membrane.

Question 62

Movement at the ankle that brings the foot closer to the shin is ________.

Question 63

Osteoarthritis is caused by a bacterial infection.

Question 64

A joint with articulating surfaces that are nearly flat is a ______ ______.

Question 65

A _____ joint is found between a metacarpal and its adjacent phalanx.

Question 66

A yoga move in which a foot is grasped and the lower limb brought upwards so the foot touches the buttock is an example of ______.

Question 67

A __________ joins the fibula and tibia.

Question 68

The basic structure of the knee joint permits flexion and extension.

Question 69

The patellar ligament connects the medial condyle of the femur to the medial condyle of the tibia.

Question 70

Thrusting the head forward to contact an incoming soccer ball is an example of _________.

Question 71

The hip joint is a ball-and-socket joint.

Question 72

Limited movement occurs when forces compress the cartilaginous pad between bones at a _______________ .

Question 73

Joint capsules may be reinforced by bundles of strong, tough collagenous fibers called ______.

Question 74

Arthritis is a circulatory problem.

Question 75

The elbow joint includes a hinge joint.

Question 76

A _______ is a joint formed where a bony socket meets a cone-shaped bony process.

Question 77

________ joints are held together by collagen-rich dense connective tissue.

Question 78

Most joints of the skeletal system are _________.

Question 79

Fibrous joints are the first to change with age.

Question 80

Fluid-filled sacs associated with synovial joints are _______.