Deck 18: Infectious Diseases Affecting the Skin and Eyes

Question 1

MRSAs are S.aureus strains that are

A)resistant to mupirocin.
B)responsive to mupirocin.
C)resistant to penicillin derivatives.
D)responsive to penicillin derivatives.
E)related to S.pyogenes.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

All staphylococci can be differentiated from all streptococci because only staphylococci produce the enzyme _____ that is easily detected in the lab.

A)staphlokinase
B)exfoliative toxin A
C)exfoliative toxin B
D)catalase
E)lactase

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The swelling over a pore leading out of a hair follicle that has become clogged is called a/an

A)furuncle.
B)pustule.
C)carbuncle.
D)papule.
E)comedo.

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Staphylococcus can be differentiated from Streptococcus by the

A)Gram stain.
B)coagulase test.
C)catalase test.
D)fermentation of mannitol.

Question 5

Which microorganism species is most well-adapted to life on the skin?

A)Streptococcus pyogenes
B)Corynebacterium diphtheriae
C)Staphylococcus epidermidis
D)Malassezia
E)Candida albicans

Question 6

Which of the following is the most common form of transmission in cases of impetigo?

A)fomites
B)direct contact
C)mechanical vectors
D)blood
E)body fluids

Question 7

Protective features of the skin include all but

A)keratinized surface.
B)resident biota.
C)high salt content.
D)high pH.
E)lysozyme.

Question 8

What enzyme is not produced by S.epidermidis but is produced by S.aureus?

A)peroxidase
B)catalase
C)lysozyme
D)coagulase
E)lipase

Question 9

The toxin of Staphylococcus aureus strains that causes blisters and desquamation of skin in scalded skin syndrome is

A)enterotoxin.
B)hemolysin.
C)toxic shock syndrome toxin.
D)exfoliative toxin.
E)erythrogenic toxin.

Question 10

The microbial pathogen associated with the development of acne is:

A)Staphylococcus aureus.
B)Micrococcus luteus.
C)Propionibacterium acnes.
D)Streptococcus epidermidis.
E)Corynebacterium diphtheriae.

Question 11

What material in skin cells provides protection from abrasions,water damage,and microorganism entry?

A)lysozyme
B)keratin
C)sweat
D)sebum
E)salt

Question 12

Which of the following is not true of Propionibacterium acnes?

A)anaerobic or aerotolerant
B)gram-negative rod
C)releases lipase
D)attracts white blood cells
E)present in hair follicles

Question 13

The enzyme that coagulates plasma is

A)catalase.
B)coagulase.
C)hyaluronidase.
D)staphylokinase.
E)kinase.

Question 14

Infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus include all of the following except

A)meningitis.
B)furuncles and carbuncles.
C)impetigo.
D)scalded skin syndrome.
E)acne.

Question 15

Necrotizing fasciitis is

A)also called impetigo.
B)possibly caused by antibodies to Group A streptococci that cross-react with body tissues.
C)associated with strains of Streptococcus pyogenes producing destructive enzymes and toxins.
D)typically a sequelae of streptococcal pharyngitis.
E)not treatable with antimicrobial drugs.

Question 16

The integument includes all of the following except

A)skin.
B)hair.
C)nails.
D)sweat glands.
E)surface capillaries.

Question 17

Blood vessels are found in the

A)stratum corneum.
B)dermis.
C)stratum basale.
D)subcutaneous layer.
E)dermis and subcutaneous layer.

Question 18

S.pyogenes binds to plasminogen and then secretes ______ that creates plasmin that degrades tissue.

A)streptokinase
B)M protein
C)exfoliative toxin A
D)hyaluronidase
E)coagulase

Question 19

What group of microorganisms does not usually call the skin "home?"

A)micrococci
B)diphtheroids
C)spirochetes
D)yeasts

Question 20

Blisters

A)are confined to the epidermis.
B)originate in the dermis.
C)originate in the subcutaneous layer.
D)result from a separation of epidermis from dermis.

Question 21

Varicella-zoster virus

A)uses the respiratory epithelium as its portal of entry.
B)becomes latent in dorsal root ganglia that serve specific dermatomes.
C)has humans as its reservoir.
D)causes chickenpox and shingles.
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 22

If a person who has never been infected with the varicella-zoster virus comes in contact with a person who has shingles,they will come down with

A)herpes labialis.
B)shingles.
C)chickenpox.
D)infectious mononucleosis.
E)herpes keratitis.

Question 23

All of the following pertain to Streptococcus pyogenes except

A)often from an endogenous source.
B)secrete streptokinase.
C)causes impetigo.
D)coats itself with host proteins.
E)causes gas gangrene.

Question 24

Which of the following is not true of cellulitis?

A)caused by S.aureus or S.pyogenes
B)occurs in the epidermis
C)causes pain,tenderness,swelling,and warmth
D)lymphangitis may occur
E)treated with cephalexin

Question 25

Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6)has all of the following characteristics except

A)causes an infection that starts with a high fever.
B)causes roseola in infants and young children.
C)causes an infection that appears as a mononucleosis-like illness in adults.
D)causes a rash that appears on the fourth day after infection.
E)it is a very rare form of herpesvirus.

Question 26

Chickenpox

A)is transmitted by inhalation of respiratory secretions.
B)is transmitted by skin lesion contact or airborne spread of lesion material.
C)has an incubation of 10 to 20 days.
D)has fever and vesicular rash that occurs in successive crops.
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 27

_____ is a chronic progressive disease of the skin and nerves caused by Mycobacterium leprae.

A)Scalded skin syndrome
B)Reye's syndrome
C)Erysipelas
D)Hansen's disease
E)Leishmaniasis

Question 28

Measles is described as a ______ skin lesion.

A)purpura
B)bulla
C)papule
D)macule
E)maculopapular

Question 29

All of the following pertain to monkeypox except

A)symptoms include skin pocks,fever,and swollen lymph nodes.
B)periodic outbreaks have occurred in Africa.
C)transmission is typically by contact with monkeys,squirrels,and rats.
D)a recent U.S.outbreak involved pet prairie dogs infected by an African rat.
E)the virus has shown a trend in becoming less virulent,with fewer outbreaks in humans.

Question 30

Oral lesions called Koplik's spots are seen in patients with

A)croup.
B)mumps.
C)influenza.
D)measles (rubeola).
E)rubella.

Question 31

Measles is also known as

A)rubella.
B)shingles.
C)rubeola.
D)fifth disease.
E)varicella.

Question 32

The smallpox vaccine uses the _____ virus.

A)small pox
B)herpes simplex
C)vaccinia
D)human herpesvirus 6

Question 33

Streptococcus pyogenes causes all of the following except

A)necrotizing fasciitis.
B)erysipelas.
C)impetigo.
D)scarlet fever.
E)scalded skin syndrome.

Question 34

This organism can infect deeper wound sites and produce exotoxins,enzymes,and gas that cause tissue and muscle necrosis:

A)Clostridium botulinum
B)Clostridium perfringens
C)Clostridium difficile
D)Clostridium tetani

Question 35

Edward Jenner's work involved

A)inoculation of dried pus from cowpox pustules into a person to stimulate immunity.
B)development of artificial acquired immunity methods.
C)development of an immunization to protect people against cowpox.
D)immunization using a related,less pathogenic organism to give protection against a more pathogenic one.
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 36

Which of the following is not true of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS)?

A)affects mostly newborns and babies
B)an exotoxin-mediated disease
C)toxin causes bullous lesions
D)split in skin occurs between the dermis and epidermis
E)split in skin occurs within the epidermis

Question 37

The main causative agent of gas gangrene is

A)Staphylococcus aureus.
B)Streptococcus pyogenes.
C)Mycobacterium leprae.
D)Staphylococcus epidermidis.
E)Clostridium perfringens.

Question 38

Smallpox is a disease in which

A)fever,prostration,rash,and possible toxemia and shock occur.
B)virus becomes latent in ganglia of sensory neurons.
C)recurrent episodes are called shingles.
D)can only be transmitted by direct skin contact with skin crusts.
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 39

All of the following pertain to measles (rubeola)except

A)transmitted by direct contact with the rash.
B)humans are the only reservoir for the pathogen.
C)secondary bacterial otitis media and sinusitis can occur.
D)involves a fatal complication called subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE).
E)dry cough,sore throat,fever,and conjunctivitis are symptoms.

Question 40

Which is incorrect about the MMR immunization?

A)contains attenuated virus
B)contains toxoids
C)is given in early childhood
D)protects against three different viral diseases

Question 41

Which of the following is not true of rubeola?

A)Its causative agent is a member of the Morbillivirus genus.
B)It is a single-stranded nonenveloped RNA virus.
C)It is in the Paramyxovirus family.
D)It causes cell membranes to fuse to form syncytia.
E)It is transmitted by respiratory droplets.

Question 42

Which of the following is the causative agent of tinea versicolor?

A)Malassezia furfur
B)Trichophyton
C)Microsporum
D)Epidermophyton

Question 43

Which is true of viral conjunctivitis?

A)caused by Chlamydia trachomatis or Neisseria gonorrhoeae
B)has a mucopurulent discharge
C)caused by adenoviruses
D)must be treated with topical and oral antibiotics
E)caused by Moraxella

Question 44

Which of the following is mismatched?

A)tinea capitis - ringworm of the beard
B)tinea pedis - ringworm of the foot
C)tinea cruis - ringworm of the groin
D)tinea corporis - ringworm of the body
E)tinea unguium - ringworm of the nails

Question 45

Which of the following is not true of bacterial conjunctivitis?

A)transmitted through both direct and indirect contact
B)can be caused by S.pyogenes or S.pneumoniae
C)treatment is with a broad-spectrum topical antibiotic
D)has a clear discharge
E)can be caused by S.aureus,H.influenzae,or N.gonorrhoeae

Question 46

The disease pathogenesis seen in River blindness is caused by

A)Wolbachia bacteria.
B)Onchocera volulus worms.
C)a blood fluke.
D)herpes simplex virus.
E)Both Wolbachia bacteria and Onchocera volulus worms are correct.

Question 47

Keratitis is usually caused by

A)Streptococcus pyogenes.
B)Staphylococcus aureus.
C)herpes simplex.
D)Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Question 48

Which is incorrect about warts?

A)caused by human papillomaviruses (HPV)
B)are transmitted by direct contact or fomites
C)include deep plantar warts on soles of the feet
D)are frequently cancerous
E)freezing and laser surgery can be used for removal

Question 49

What is the only way to prevent conjunctivitis?

A)wear insect repellent
B)good hygiene
C)trifluridine or acyclovir treatment
D)ivermectin treatment

Question 50

Transmission of the pathogen causing leishmaniasis is by the

A)reduviid "kissing" bug.
B)Tsetse fly.
C)Anopheles mosquito.
D)sand fly.
E)hard-bodied tick.

Question 51

Fifth disease

A)is caused by Parvovirus B19.
B)is a childhood febrile disease with a bright red rash on the cheeks.
C)involves a pathogen capable of crossing the placenta.
D)is characterized by a maculopapular rash that lasts for days to weeks.
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 52

Cutaneous anthrax is

A)found in humans only.
B)transmitted by contact.
C)a high mortality disease.
D)seen in epidemic proportions in the United States.

Question 53

The causative agent of this febrile disease characterized by a rash can cross the placenta and cause serious fetal damage:

A)croup
B)mumps
C)influenza
D)measles (rubeola)
E)rubella

Question 54

Transmission of tineas include

A)human to human.
B)animal to human.
C)soil to human.
D)fomites to human.
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 55

What eye disease is characterized by pannus forming over the cornea?

A)simple conjunctivitis
B)keratitis
C)sty
D)trachoma
E)river blindness

Question 56

Which form of anthrax involves a black eschar on the skin?

A)pulmonary
B)gastrointestinal
C)cutaneous
D)muscular

Question 57

Rubella is

A)caused by the measles virus (Morbillivirus).
B)a very contagious disease.
C)associated with congenital transmission causing miscarriage,deafness,and cardiac and mental defects.
D)seen as high fever,severe sore throat,severe cough,and myalgia.

Question 58

River blindness is

A)caused by Wuchereria bancrofti.
B)a disease in which worms can invade the eyes.
C)caused by a blood fluke.
D)transmitted by mosquito vector.

Question 59

Which of the following provides the eye with its best defense against microorganisms?

A)conjunctiva
B)eyelids
C)lymphocytes
D)tears
E)eyelashes

Question 60

Which of the following is not a causative agent of cutaneous mycoses?

A)Malassezia furfur
B)Trichophyton
C)Microsporum
D)Epidermophyton

Question 61

Varicella and herpes zoster are caused by the same virus.

Question 62

Debridement of diseased tissue is important in the care of patients with gas gangrene.

Question 63

Your sister cut herself with a knife,and within a few days had a severe pus-producing infection of the hand.A day later,skin begins to come off,exposing muscle and other tissue below the skin.Predict what caused the severity of this infection.

A)The infectious agent is a fungus.
B)This is not an infectious disease: it is an autoimmune disease.
C)The infectious agent produces exotoxins.
D)The infectious agent is likely a virus.

Question 64

The most serious teratogenic effects of intrauterine rubella infection occur if it is acquired during the third trimester.

Question 65

Herpes keratitis is an infection of the eye.

Question 66

Mottled,discolored pigmentation is seen in patients with tinea versicolor.

Question 67

Molluscum contagiosum is transmitted by direct contact with skin lesions,fomites,and sexual activity.

Question 68

Understanding about the defenses of the eye,you would predict that a person __________ would have a higher rate of eye infections.

A)having a vitamin deficiency
B)who is very young
C)who wears glasses
D)who has a problem producing tears

Question 69

The eye generally has a large percentage of normal biota present.

Question 70

Because of its symptomology,smallpox has been misidentifed as:

A)chickenpox
B)measles
C)herpes
D)ringworm

Question 71

Your child came home from daycare with an eye infection,and in a day has developed a yellowish discharge.You predict that this is a case of:

A)trachoma.
B)herpes keratitis.
C)a rubella eye infection.
D)a bacterial conjunctitivis.
E)a worm infection like Onchocerca.

Question 72

You had surgery on your shoulder,as a result of rotator cuff injury.The surgery went well,but when the cut area was sutured,bacteria entered into the open tissue.As a result,you now have an infection of deep tissue exhibiting redness,swelling,pain,fever,and a rash.Having taken microbiology,you would predict that you have a developed an infection caused by:

A)E.coli
B)varicella-zoster
C)Staphylococcus
D)Neisseria

Question 73

Impetigo involves itching papules that break and form a very contagious yellow crust.

Question 74

Acne can be prevented with antibiotics.

Question 75

Occassionally,Staphylococcus epidermidis may be isolated from the eye.

Question 76

All warts caused by human papillomaviruses are linked to cancers.

Question 77

Chickenpox is caused by an orthopoxvirus.

Question 78

The organisms that cause ringworm,or tinea,use keratin protein as their substrate.This is why these infections:

A)produce a rash all over the body during an infection.
B)are superficial mycoses.
C)cause a discoloration of the skin,by damaging skin pigment protein.
D)have a high mortality rate.

Question 79

Propionibacterium acnes is considered normal biota of sebaceous glands of the skin.