Deck 5: Health Care: Patients, Staff, and Institutions

Question 1

Surveys indicate that most people diagnosed with a life-threatening illness

A)would rather suspect it without being told directly.
B)would rather not know.
C)want to be told.
D)do not want their families to be told.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

What is a holistic program of care for the dying

A)Hospice
B)Nursing home
C)Hospital intensive care unit
D)Social service intervention

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which country spends more on health than any other industrialized country

A)United States
B)Sweden
C)Belgium
D)Japan

Answer 3

A

Question 4

According to Richard Sandor, what is the "single most valuable asset of the skilled doctor"

A)Accurate communication
B)Friendly staff
C)Being on time for appointments
D)Knowledge of end of life issues

Question 5

All of the following are associated with the mission of modern hospitals EXCEPT

A)aggressive techniques.
B)diagnosis of symptoms.
C)care of patients with long term residential needs.
D)care of patients with acute illnesses.

Question 6

Depersonalization of the dying patient can occur when
1)an illness is not well understood or rare.
2)physicians and nurses believe "nothing more can be done."
3)physicians and nurses avoid contact due to their own death anxiety.
4)hospital staff shifts change frequently.

A)1 and 2
B)1 and 4
C)3 and 4
D)2 and 3

Question 7

When communicating a life-threatening diagnosis to a patient, a physician must consider the patient's
1)personality.
2)emotional constitution.
3)capacity for continued function under stress.
4)long-term health care insurance.

A)1, 2, and 3
B)1, 2, and 4
C)1, 3, and 4
D)2, 3, and 4

Question 8

According to Ira Byock, just over __________ of Americans are at home when they die.

A)one-half
B)one-third
C)one-quarter
D)one-fifth

Question 9

The elements of the health care system are patient, institution, and

A)culture.
B)government.
C)staff.
D)spirits.

Question 10

According to Greek legend, the first physician was

A)Aesculapius.
B)Hospicious.
C)Kairos.
D)Zeus.

Question 11

Due to the impact of managed care and greater emphasis on patients' rights, which of the following is true

A)The "Aesculapian authority" of physicians is being challenged.
B)The "Aesculapian authority" of physicians is increasing.
C)Physicians must practice excessive paternalism in making decisions for patients.
D)Shared decision making is no longer feasible.

Question 12

Regarding hospice and palliative care, what are the 3 C's of high-quality care

A)Controlled, caring, capable
B)Competent, compassionate, coordinated
C)Cautious, caregiving, challenging
D)Curative, Christian, consistent

Question 13

When a nurse says to a patient "Oh, you're doing so well," his or her intention is probably to

A)compare him or her to others.
B)avoid discussion and deny seriousness of the ailment.
C)help the patient realize that everybody is cheering him or her on.
D)provide reassurance to the patient.

Question 14

Dr.Elisabeth Kübler-Ross wanted to

A)educate medical interns about dying patients.
B)set up hospices to care for the terminally ill.
C)educate the media about death and dying in their community.
D)help physicians separate their emotions from their science.

Question 15

Who is at the center of the "ideal caring situation"

A)Patient
B)Physician
C)Spouse or mate
D)Medical ethicist

Question 16

According to Norman Cousins, the style of medical communication is important because it can

A)draw more patients to the hospital.
B)help to change the impersonal image of hospitals.
C)decrease the family's anxiety and fear.
D)play a role in the patient's healing.

Question 17

The "principle of symmetry" advocated by Daniel Callahan states that a technology should be judged by a balance between the

A)cost and the seriousness of the illness.
B)extension and saving of life and the quality of life.
C)cost and the extension of life.
D)desire to live and the ability to pay for medical care.

Question 18

In Candace West's study of how doctors and patients relate to each other, all of the following were true EXCEPT

A)There is a "communications chasm" that hinders the healing process.
B)Patients want to talk about "the cure."
C)There is a lack of introductions, greetings, laughter, and the use of the patient's name.
D)Physicians tend to advance questions that restrict patients' options for answers.

Question 19

According to Daniel Callahan, what percentage of Americans believe that medical technology can always save their lives

A)76%
B)40%
C)92%
D)65%

Question 20

In achieving clear communication, what is referred to as proxemics

A)Open discussions
B)Jewelry and linking objects
C)Space and time
D)Addressing the patient as Mr.or Mrs.

Question 21

The purpose of the triage system is to

A)use three forms of medical interventions.
B)avoid prioritizing among patients.
C)reduce the time between injury and care.
D)standardize medical treatment.

Question 22

Hospice programs are mandated to

A)provide bereavement follow-up services for the family.
B)prescribe a particular way of dying.
C)review the family's financial status.
D)offer options for alternative and disease-directed therapies.

Question 23

All of the following are challenges to hospice and palliative care EXCEPT

A)availability of a primary caregiver.
B)funding for services.
C)broadening access for underserved patient populations.
D)lack of routinization of care and regulation.

Question 24

What kind of patients should be given priority in care according to the system developed by Army Major John Letterman during the Civil War

A)Patients whose injuries are serious but survivable
B)First come, first served
C)Patients with less serious injuries so that they can offer help to others
D)Patients with highest military ranking

Question 25

Feelings of inadequacy, nonreciprocal giving, and too many demands are among the main sources of

A)trauma guilt.
B)caregiver stress.
C)burnout.
D)devaluing nurses.

Question 26

What is the term describing a gradual erosion of the uniqueness of one's personality, causing residents to become increasingly dependent on staff for mundane needs

A)Respite care
B)Gerontological persuasion
C)Institutional fatigue
D)Institutional neurosis

Question 27

During the U.S.Civil War, Army Major John Letterman developed a system for evacuating casualties aimed at reducing the time between injury and care.What is the term for this system

A)Ambulatory care
B)Triage
C)Medevac
D)Systematic trauma care

Question 28

What are Diakonia, Metanoia, and Kairos

A)Three disciples of St.Jerome
B)Grecian villages known for early hospice care
C)Concepts reflecting a high technology, low person, system of health care
D)Concepts that form a basis for hospice care

Question 29

In what year was the first civilian helicopter medevac program established

A)1970
B)1966
C)1969
D)1965

Question 30

The roots of modern emergency and trauma care can be traced back to

A)the Vietnam War.
B)the Maryland State Police.
C)the 20^th century.
D)the Civil War.

Question 31

Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM) refers to

A)a department in U.S.Homeland Security.
B)the triage system in a hospital.
C)intervention following traumatic events.
D)professional management of emergency room personnel.

Question 32

In which country is the most influential model of modern hospice care

A)United States
B)England
C)Japan
D)Switzerland

Question 33

More important than who is the death notifier, is how, when, and

A)why.
B)where.
C)what.
D)whose fault.

Question 34

Which of the following are included in William Lamers' "levels" of hospice care
1)Traditional
2)Long-term
3)High-tech
4)Conventional

A)1, 2, and 3
B)2, 3, and 4
C)1, 2, and 4
D)1, 3, and 4

Question 35

Saint Christopher's Hospice in England is named for

A)founder Dr.Cicely Christopher Saunders.
B)a refugee from Poland dying from inoperable cancer.
C)the patron saint of travelers.
D)a wealthy Roman widow.

Question 36

Midway between institutionalization and independent living is a form of care for the elderly called

A)elder hostels.
B)congregate housing.
C)senescence.
D)skilled nursing facilities.

Question 37

What is the purpose of post-trauma defusing

A)To assure people involved that their feelings are normal
B)To hold a formal meeting with after care personnel
C)To discuss coping strategies away from the scene
D)To refer victims for professional counseling

Question 38

What do experts in trauma and emergency care call the first hour after serious injury

A)The Critical Hour
B)The Crucial Hour
C)The Golden Hour
D)The Trauma Hour

Question 39

In what year was the first hospital-based helicopter program established at St.Anthony's Hospital in Denver

A)1972
B)1963
C)1947
D)1995

Question 40

All of the following are features of St.Christopher's hospice EXCEPT

A)wards are filled with flowers and photographs.
B)children are encouraged to visit.
C)pets are forbidden.
D)relatives are allowed to stay with the dead body.

Question 41

A covenantal relationship in healthcare implies a mutuality of interests between providers and patients.

Question 42

Death notification style can be significant in a family's experience of grief.

Question 43

Ninety-two percent of Americans believe that medical technology can always save their lives.

Question 44

A reaction to stress in which a carer goes beyond exhaustion and depression to being "past caring" is termed

A)concern fatigue.
B)burnout.
C)grief.
D)empathetic depression.
True / False Questions

Question 45

Hospice and palliative medicine has not yet become a subspecialty approved by the American Board of Medical Specialties.

Question 46

The emphasis on cure among professional caregivers can result in death being

A)discussed objectively and openly.
B)seen as less stressful.
C)seen as a natural event and "I've done all I can."
D)viewed as a failure.

Question 47

The goal of palliative care is to cure the patient's disease.

Question 48

Funding for hospice services is plentiful because there are no limits on who qualifies.

Question 49

Caregivers generally agree about whether family members should be present in the ER during resuscitation.

Question 50

With earlier diagnosis and sophisticated medical care, the "terminal" stage of an illness may now last more than a decade.

Question 51

In conversations that involve news of a life-threatening diagnosis, details can be given in segments.

Question 52

An example of "respite care" is temporary care that gives caregivers a break.

Question 53

In 1900, about 80% of deaths in the United States occurred in the home.

Question 54

The health care system includes patient, government and institution.

Question 55

Nonverbal communication includes gestures, postures, and clothing.

Question 56

Christian hospices were built on a military model of efficiency to aid gladiators and slaves.

Question 57

Surveys indicate that most people want to be told if diagnosed with a life-threatening illness.

Question 58

Total care involves attending mainly to a patient's physical needs 24 hours a day.

Question 59

Most hospice care takes place in patients' homes with family members as primary caregivers.