Deck 4: Birth and the Newborn Child

Question 1

The pain associated with labour is thought to be due to:

A)dilation of the cervix.
B)intensity of the contractions.
C)length of the process.
D)the crowning of the baby's head.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

When the cervix dilates __________,the second stage of labour is imminent.

A)10 centimeters.
B)5 centimeters.
C)7 inches.
D)2 inches.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

At which point during labour does the baby's head appear at the opening of the cervix?

A)During the dilation phase
B)During what is known as the "bloody show"
C)During the afterbirth phase
D)During the expulsion phase

Answer 3

D

Question 4

__________ is a hormone released during labour that stimulates uterine contractions.

A)Oxytocin
B)Progesterone
C)Prostaglandin
D)Pitocin

Question 5

Braxton-Hicks contractions are:

A)relatively mild muscle contractions that occur before real contractions begin.
B)the first stages of labour.
C)the contractions that allow the afterbirth to be expelled.
D)severe contractions that occur during stage 4 of labour.

Question 6

At what stage of labour does the baby's head move into the birth canal?

A)Stage 1
B)Stage 2
C)Stage 3
D)During Braxton-Hicks contractions

Question 7

Hasna was near the end of her pregnancy when she experienced her "water breaking." What actually happened?

A)Pressure from the baby on Hasna's bladder allowed urine to leak out.
B)Interstitial fluid from the uterus is being released due to the weight of the baby.
C)Increased fluid retention has caused perspiration to occur to restore water balance.
D)The amniotic sac has been breached,allowing the fluid to escape through the vagina.

Question 8

Gina is in the process of giving birth to her first child,and her cervix is fully dilated.If her delivery is typical,how much longer can she expect the expulsion phase to last?

A)A few minutes
B)30 to 45 minutes
C)About two hours
D)About 12 hours

Question 9

Akil was alarmed because his wife told him she had experienced vaginal bleeding accompanied by mucus.She is nearly 40 weeks into her pregnancy.What can Akil expect now?

A)He can expect to be with his wife in delivery in one to two days.
B)He can worry that his wife may be having a miscarriage.
C)This is normal,so he can assume she will be in labour in a week or two.
D)The baby will be moving into the breach position soon.

Question 10

Which of the following is accurate about oxytocin?

A)Both mothers and fathers have releases of oxytocin in response to a baby's birth.
B)New mothers have the advantage of oxytocin to support their maternal instinct.
C)Adoptive mothers won't bond with their babies well because they lack oxytocin.
D)Mothers have oxytocin as a result of lactation and so will always have a close bond with their baby.

Question 11

Before the 20^th century,most babies were born:

A)in convents.
B)in midwiferies.
C)at home.
D)in hospitals.

Question 12

As the end of stage 1 labour nears,contractions tend to:

A)decrease in duration.
B)increase in duration to about 60 seconds.
C)increase in duration to about 5 minutes.
D)decrease in frequency.

Question 13

___________ is known as the "cuddle chemical," because it is thought to initiate attachment between parents and their baby.

A)Prostaglandin
B)Estrogen
C)Progesterone
D)Oxytocin

Question 14

A women is generally alerted to the beginning of labour by any of the following EXCEPT:

A)unusual fetal movements.
B)vaginal bleeding.
C)passing of amniotic fluid through the vagina.
D)uterine contractions.

Question 15

__________ refers to the way the baby positions itself with its head down prior to birth.

A)Quickening
B)Contracting
C)Breeching
D)Dropping

Question 16

Near the end of her pregnancy,Emily experienced intense contractions that were regularly spaced and lasted longer each time.Emily is:

A)beginning labour.
B)having Braxton-Hicks contractions.
C)in danger of having a miscarriage.
D)in need of rest in order to avoid premature birth.

Question 17

Tanya is nearing her pregnancy due date.Her midwife tells her to watch for which of the following signs to know she has started labour?

A)Vaginal bleeding
B)Passing of amniotic fluid through the vagina
C)Uterine contractions
D)all of these signs should be watched for to know she started labour

Question 18

38 weeks pregnant,Clara was quietly reading a book about labor and the birth process when she began to feel a series of rhythmic contractions.Thankfully she had just read the section about __________ and so did not rush to the hospital.

A)"false labour"
B)stage 4 labour
C)cervical dilation
D)Braxton-Hicks contractions

Question 19

Which of the following is part of stage one labour?

A)Crowning
B)Dilation
C)Expulsion
D)Afterbirth

Question 20

Luke has been assisting his partner,Anna,with her delivery.Both their midwife and Luke were ecstatic to see the baby's head appear through the vaginal canal.What is this event called?

A)crowning
B)dropping
C)lightening
D)quickening

Question 21

Charlotte is in labour with her first child.Her partner,Joshua,who has been assisting with the delivery,tells her the baby's head has just crowned.If this is a normal birth,how long can Charlotte expect to remain in labour?

A)a few minutes
B)at least another hour
C)until the water breaks
D)five or six hours

Question 22

What was a major reason many women began choosing not to be heavily sedated during childbirth in the 1960's and 70's?

A)While the pain was difficult,it wasn't unbearable.
B)The drugs contributed to postpartum depression.
C)The drugs tended to initiate immune responses in the mother that harmed the baby.
D)The babies were at risk during and after the delivery.

Question 23

The purpose of the Lamaze technique for birth is to:

A)reduce pain.
B)decrease anxiety.
C)increase a woman's feeling of control.
D)all of these are purposes of Lamaze technique for birth

Question 24

A(n)__________ is a surgical cut made to widen the vaginal opening.

A)episiotomy
B)vaginectomy
C)colectomy
D)cingulectomy

Question 25

A __________ is a woman trained in the delivery of babies.

A)midwife
B)doula
C)duenna
D)nurse practitioner

Question 26

What is the percentage of births in Canada that occurs somewhere other than a hospital?

A)1.7 percent
B)2.7 percent
C)5.7 percent
D)10.7 percent

Question 27

An alternative to a non-medicated birth process is:

A)natural childbirth.
B)twilight labour.
C)spontaneous birth.
D)the Ludovico technique.

Question 28

The placenta is discharged in what is known as the __________ phase of labour.

A)contraction
B)expulsion
C)crowning
D)afterbirth

Question 29

The preferred method of widening the vaginal canal during the second stage of labuor is:

A)an episiotomy.
B)massage and lubrication.
C)a leucotomy.
D)waiting until the vaginal tissue is about to tear and then making a necessary incision.

Question 30

An epidural is an example of an:

A)anaesthetic.
B)analgesic.
C)anodyne.
D)narcotic.

Question 31

Lamaze's childbirth strategy involves:

A)a calmer environment to ease the shock of birth.
B)prepared childbirth focusing on relaxation procedures and breathing instructions.
C)home birth under the guidance of a midwife.
D)hospital birth with the assistance of an anesthesiologist.

Question 32

Among the __________,it is important that women cover the pain of childbirth and even attempt to smile during the process.

A)Hmong
B)Pueblo
C)Vietnamese
D)Ibo

Question 33

__________ are drugs used to alleviate pain that may be used during labour.

A)Anesthetics
B)Analgesics
C)Antihistamines
D)Antibiotics

Question 34

Which of the following are major components of prepared childbirth?

A)water baths and massage
B)acupuncture and hypnosis
C)breathing and relaxation training
D)hypnosis and herbal analgesics

Question 35

When Lisa was pregnant,she and her husband,Joe,attended a series of classes that provided them with information about the physiology of childbirth and instructed them in breathing exercises.This describes:

A)the home birth method.
B)the Bradley method.
C)the Leboyer method.
D)the Lamaze method.

Question 36

Which of the following is considered an analgesic?

A)epidural
B)spinal block
C)Demerol
D)meditation

Question 37

Alesha is an Arabic woman.Traditionally,during her labour and the birth of her baby,she will:

A)attempt to remain covered during the delivery.
B)avoid pain medication.
C)keep smiling.
D)squat or kneel.

Question 38

The stand taken by the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada (2004)regarding episiotomies is:

A)the use of episiotomies is not recommended even in assisted vaginal births.
B)that they should be performed more often than not to reduce damage to the pelvic floor.
C)to perform them on every first-time mother but only as a last resort for subsequent births.
D)that they are necessary to avoid unnecessary and hard to repair tears and so should be mandatory.

Question 39

Another name for natural childbirth is:

A)spontaneous birth.
B)the Kitzhaber method.
C)the qui movement.
D)prepared childbirth.

Question 40

Miyu is a medical professional who is trained specifically to assist with the birth process but she is not a physician.She is a:

A)midwife.
B)doula.
C)nurse practitioner.
D)Lamaze instructor.

Question 41

Colleen became worried when her delivery team said that her baby was in a breech position.Colleen's pregnancy has come to full term.Colleen's worry is:

A)justified,because 50 percent of breech babies have significant problems.
B)not necessary,because breech births have the same success rate as non-breech births.
C)justified,because the baby will need to be guided through the birth canal,but is likely to be healthy nevertheless.
D)not necessary,because breech babies are now routinely delivered safely by caesarean section.

Question 42

The most reliable method for inducing labour is:

A)the delivery of pitocin through an IV.
B)breaking the amniotic sac.
C)the delivery of pictocin orally.
D)jarring the baby through a bumpy car ride.

Question 43

An external fetal monitor involves:

A)tracking the baby's heartbeat via a "belt" across the mother's belly during delivery.
B)an ultrasound device.
C)an echogram placed on the mother's lower abdomen,tracking the baby's movements by a technician.
D)a nurse specially assigned to take the baby's pulse through vaginal inspection.

Question 44

What percentage of pregnant women who had previously delivered by C-section will deliver by C-section again?

A)20 percent
B)50 percent
C)80 percent
D)99 percent

Question 45

Sara has attempted to have a natural delivery of her baby,but she is in severe pain and in danger of shock.Her partner,Emil,and her physician encourage her to have a spinal block so that she will be relieved of pain from the waist down.If she agrees,Sara will have an:

A)analgesic.
B)opiate.
C)epidural.
D)anxiolytic.

Question 46

Which of the following are concerns about the use of forceps during delivery?

A)damage to the baby's scalp
B)brain injuries
C)injury to the mother
D)all of these are concerns about the use of forceps during delivery

Question 47

A(n)__________ is a device used to monitor the baby's heartbeat throughout labor.

A)fetal monitor
B)apnea indicator
C)uterine contraction tracker
D)anoxia assessment device

Question 48

Which of the following is an advantage that vacuum extractors have over forceps?

A)less risk of brain injury
B)less damage to the mother
C)less likely to cause bleeding under the scalp
D)All of these are advantages that vacuum extractors have over forceps

Question 49

__________ are metal clamps placed around the baby's head to pull the baby through the birth canal.

A)Forceps
B)Vacuum extractors
C)Delivery tongs
D)Foramen grippers

Question 50

Which of the following are risks associated with a C-section?

A)increased chances of maternal infection
B)longer hospital stays
C)longer recovery time
D)all of these are risks associated with a C-section

Question 51

Labour initiated by doctors through the use of medication or by breaking the amniotic sac is:

A)generated.
B)prepared.
C)induced.
D)augmented.

Question 52

An internal fetal monitor is:

A)attached to the baby's head immediately after birth.
B)a small canula inserted into the baby's umbilical cord to track cerebrospinal levels.
C)placed on the baby's chest prior to delivery by the use of fiber optics.
D)inserted through the cervix and rests directly on the baby's head.

Question 53

A(n)__________ involves surgery performed to deliver the baby through the abdomen if the baby could not come through the birth canal.

A)breach birth
B)conditional delivery
C)ureterectomy
D)caesarean section

Question 54

Moe's baby is well past her due date,and Moe's midwife and physicians are concerned that Moe will not be able to pass the baby through her pelvis if the baby continues to grow.What strategy for the birth is most likely at this point?

A)induced labour
B)caesarean section
C)forceps delivery
D)vacuum extraction

Question 55

When a baby is delivered feet first rather than head first,it is known as a:

A)breech birth.
B)caesarean birth.
C)forceps delivery.
D)anoxic delivery.

Question 56

When there is a need to speed up the delivery what type of delivery may take place?

A)Prepared delivery
B)Instrument delivery
C)Drug-induced delivery
D)none of these deliveries may take place when there is a need to speed up delivery

Question 57

Malformation of a baby's head is most likely to occur with:

A)forceps delivery.
B)vacuum extraction.
C)induced labour.
D)a cesarean section.

Question 58

The use of instruments in deliveries has declined due to the:

A)decrease in birth weights.
B)increase in midwife-assisted births.
C)increased number of caesarean sections.
D)development of better drugs to induce uterine contractions.

Question 59

A plastic cup attached to a suction device that pulls the baby through the birth canal is a(n):

A)winnow device.
B)birth plunger.
C)evacuation scalp cap.
D)vacuum extractor.

Question 60

Iman has been in labour for approximately twelve hours,long after her cervix had dilated completely.It is now apparent that her pelvis is too narrow to accommodate the baby and Iman will need a(n):

A)caesarean section
B)forceps delivery.
C)general anesthetic.
D)episiotomy.

Question 61

Kenta smiled happily as he held his newborn baby and was surprised when his baby looked up at him and apparently smiled back.What was Kenta's baby doing?

A)smiling in happiness
B)experiencing gas
C)imitating his father
D)signaling hunger

Question 62

Justin is a nursing student,and just learned that 10 percent of marriages are between an Rh-negative woman and an Rh-positive man.Justin tells his wife that:

A)it would be wise for him to be tested for Rh factor.
B)it would be wise for both Justin and his wife to be tested for Rh factor,and if they are incompatible,they should have only one child.
C)it would be wise for them both to be tested for Rh factor,because they may then choose to adopt children instead of conceiving their own.
D)it would be wise for her to be tested for Rh factor,and that a protective vaccine exists.

Question 63

Which of the following is not one of the types of cerebral palsy?

A)difficult or rigid movement
B)problems with breathing
C)lack of balance
D)involuntary movements

Question 64

__________ is the term for the condition where the placenta has grown over the cervix.

A)Preeclampsia
B)Anoxia
C)Placenta abruptio
D)Placenta previa

Question 65

If oxygen deprivation occurs during the birth process or after the umbilical cord is cut,this may cause the baby to suffer anoxia,which can lead to:

A)pulmonary problems.
B)brain damage.
C)kidney and liver problems.
D)skeletal muscle damage.

Question 66

Aahil was born after a full 40 weeks gestation; however,he weighed only 5 pounds.Aahil is considered a(n)__________ infant.

A)anoxic
B)preeclampsic
C)premature
D)anorectic

Question 67

__________ is a condition resulting from an inability of the brain to control the body.

A)Cerebral palsy.
B)Preeclampsia.
C)Anoxia.
D)Failure to thrive

Question 68

__________ refers to oxygen deprivation experienced by the fetus during the birthing process.

A)Encephaly
B)Aphagia
C)Anoxia
D)Agnosis

Question 69

The term neonate refers to:

A)the fetus during the last month of pregnancy.
B)the infant during the first three months after birth.
C)the infant during the first month after birth.
D)the infant during the first six months after birth.

Question 70

A serious complication of induced labour is:

A)compromised oxygen supply to the baby.
B)slowed contractions resulting in prolonged labour.
C)an inability to perform a caesarean section if necessary.
D)reduced sensitivity of the mother.

Question 71

Approximately __________ of newborns require treatment in a neonatal intensive care unit.

A)20 to 25%
B)12 to 15%
C)5 to 7%
D)1 to 2%

Question 72

Which of the following has been linked to the incidence of small-for-date babies?

A)anxiety
B)over-exercise
C)smoking
D)previous cesarean section

Question 73

The ___________ involves possible incompatibility between the blood types of mother and child.

A)Rh factor
B)RhIg factor
C)Ph factor
D)maternal discordance

Question 74

The best indicator for successful development of a premature infant is:

A)birth weight.
B)weeks of gestation.
C)level of lung development.
D)Apgar score.

Question 75

Beatrice was told that she must have an emergency caesarean section because the placenta is separating.What is the term for this condition?

A)placenta previa
B)placenta abruptio
C)placenta anoxia
D)umbilical degradation

Question 76

Choose the statement that best describes a developing infant's needs in regard to external stimulation.

A)An infant spends all of its time eating and sleeping and requires very little external stimulation.
B)Infants generally avoid or turn away from any external stimulation,as they are easily overwhelmed.
C)Infants actively seek external stimulation and even seem to prefer it to more basic needs such as eating and sleeping.
D)Infants show a definite willingness to attend to their environment,but only do so for brief periods as they are primarily engaged in regulating their bodily functions.

Question 77

A factor that will hinder the development of a premature infant is:

A)poverty
B)drug/alcohol use by the parents
C)high-stress home environment
D)all of these are factors that will hinder the development of a premature infant

Question 78

__________ is the label given to the practice of skin-to-skin contact,positioning a baby against the caregiver's bare chest.

A)Kangaroo care
B)Swaddling
C)Pouching
D)Ferberizing

Question 79

Of the following babies,which is likely to have the most problems throughout life?

A)Kaito,who was born at 36 weeks and weighs 4½ pounds
B)Akanni,who was born at 37 weeks and weighs 5½ pounds
C)Fabio,who was born at 40 weeks and weighs 5 pounds
D)Frederik,who was born at 36 weeks and weighs 3½ pounds

Question 80

One ability that newborns show immediately after birth is to:

A)imitate.
B)babble.
C)regulate their temperature.
D)communicate with gestures.