Deck 11: Biodiversity

Question 1

Genetic diversity is influenced by which of the following?

A)migration
B)mutation
C)sexual reproduction
D)All of these are correct

Answer 1

All of these are correct

Question 2

The economic value of biodiversity and ecosystems services is difficult to assess because

A)nobody has studied them.
B)we don't directly pay for them.
C)we only recognize their value when they are gone.
D)All of the statements are correct.

Answer 2

we don't directly pay for them.

Question 3

Which one of the following is likely to be associated with a loss of genetic diversity in a local population of a species?

A)Genetic mutations.
B)A 90% reduction in the size of the population.
C)The arrival of individuals of the same species from distant populations.
D)Mating with individuals from other populations.

Answer 3

A 90% reduction in the size of the population.

Question 4

Which of the following situations would likely have low species diversity?

A)A desert.
B)A forest being managed for maximum lumber production.
C)An area with high species richness.
D)A region with mountains.

Question 5

Which of the following is the greatest cause of extinction today?

A)pollution
B)habitat alteration
C)hunting for food
D)agriculture

Question 6

Which of the following is likely to result in the local extinction of a species?

A)Seasonal climate (winter,spring,summer,fall).
B)The successful introduction of an alien species.
C)A mutation in a small number of the individuals in the species.
D)A rapid increase in the population of a species.

Question 7

Which of the following would have the greatest ecosystem diversity?

A)the land an organic farmer uses to raise crops to feed his dairy cattle
B)a lake
C)a large island in the tropics that has snowcapped mountains
D)a prairie

Question 8

Which one of the following activities is responsible for the greatest threat to biodiversity?

A)The spread of exotic species.
B)Overharvesting by hunters and fishers.
C)Killing of predators that kill domestic animals and other animals people value for food.
D)The conversion of forests and prairies to farmland.

Question 9

An individual can help to control the spread of invasive species by

A)becoming informed about the issue.
B)not planting exotic species.
C)not releasing non-native plants,fish,or other animals into water.
D)All of the statements are correct.

Question 10

Sport hunting seasons are regulated to the fall so that

A)surplus animals are taken before the challenges of winter.
B)females are not able to reproduce.
C)weak juveniles are removed from the population.
D)there will be fewer females than males.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT included in the concept of biodiversity?

A)diversity of genes
B)diversity of species
C)diversity of climate
D)diversity of ecosystems

Question 12

A species becomes extinct when

A)all individuals of a species are eliminated.
B)individuals of two different species try to mate.
C)habitat change causes organisms to leave an area.
D)All of the statements are correct.

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of a common ecosystem service?

A)People enjoy seeing wildlife.
B)Decomposer bacteria and other organisms cause leaves to decompose on the forest floor.
C)Earthworm eat leaves and defecate deep in their burrows.
D)All of the statements are correct.
E)None of the statements are correct.

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of a species that is NOT likely to become extinct soon?

A)rabbits
B)cheetah
C)whooping crane
D)All of these are correct.

Question 15

The reduced size of the California condor population is thought to have been caused by

A)the increased number of electric power lines.
B)the extinction of large Ice Age mammals.
C)natural predation.
D)pesticides affecting egg formation.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a technique for managing wildlife?

A)establishment of refuges
B)predator control
C)habitat management
D)introduction of exotic species

Question 17

Which of the following factors is NOT characteristic of a species likely to become extinct?

A)low reproductive rate
B)small habitat area
C)low population density
D)generalized niche

Question 18

Which of the following causes desertification?

A)overgrazing
B)flooding
C)cutting of trees for firewood
D)overgrazing and cutting of trees for firewood

Question 19

Species are more likely to become extinct if they

A)have both a low population density and reproductive rate.
B)have both a high population density and reproductive rate.
C)can travel over large areas.
D)can survive in many different types of habitats.

Question 20

Waterfowl present special wildlife management problems because

A)they only eat small freshwater fish.
B)they only nest on rocky ledges.
C)they overwinter near the Arctic Circle.
D)they are migratory.

Question 21

Which of the following best matches the description?
Term used to describe all of the different types of genes,species,and ecosystems in a particular region.

A)threatened species
B)clear-cutting
C)reforestation
D)selective harvesting
E)endangered species
F)speciation
G)extinction
H)habitat management
I)cover.
J)patchwork clear-cutting
K)cover
L)biodiversity
M)mutation
N)species diversity

Question 22

Which of the following best matches the description?
Elimination of all of the individuals of a species.

A)threatened species
B)clear-cutting
C)reforestation
D)selective harvesting
E)endangered species
F)speciation
G)extinction
H)habitat management
I)cover.
J)patchwork clear-cutting
K)cover
L)biodiversity
M)mutation
N)species diversity

Question 23

Clear cutting of forests

A)slows the regeneration of trees on the clear cut site.
B)is an efficient way to harvest trees.
C)exposes the soil to erosion.
D)All of these statements are correct.

Question 24

The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna (CITES)

A)seeks to prevent international trade of endangered species.
B)determines when a species is endangered.
C)can fine countries that export endangered species.
D)All of the statements are correct.

Question 25

Environmental impacts from freshwater aquaculture include

A)introduction of heavy metals into native fish.
B)nutrient overload and escape of exotic species.
C)water loss due to increased irrigation.
D)economic loss of income from sport fishing.

Question 26

The International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN)

A)forces countries to take steps to protect endangered species.
B)prevents trade in endangered species.
C)publishes a list of endangered and threatened species.
D)All of the statements are correct.

Question 27

Which of the following best matches the description?
Process of changing the natural community to encourage the increase in populations of certain desirable species.

A)threatened species
B)clear-cutting
C)reforestation
D)selective harvesting
E)endangered species
F)speciation
G)extinction
H)habitat management
I)cover.
J)patchwork clear-cutting
K)cover
L)biodiversity
M)mutation
N)species diversity

Question 28

Which of the following best matches the description?
Term used to describe all of the different types of species in a particular region.

A)threatened species
B)clear-cutting
C)reforestation
D)selective harvesting
E)endangered species
F)speciation
G)extinction
H)habitat management
I)cover.
J)patchwork clear-cutting
K)cover
L)biodiversity
M)mutation
N)species diversity

Question 29

Which of the following best matches the description?
Any change in the DNA of an organism.

A)threatened species
B)clear-cutting
C)reforestation
D)selective harvesting
E)endangered species
F)speciation
G)extinction
H)habitat management
I)cover.
J)patchwork clear-cutting
K)cover
L)biodiversity
M)mutation
N)species diversity

Question 30

The use of range land for grazing by domesticated animals (cattle,sheep,goats)

A)causes changes in the vegetation because domesticated animals feed differently than native animals.
B)is often lost as the land is ideal for crops.
C)often requires irrigation of the land.
D)All of the statements are correct.

Question 31

Which of the following best matches the description?
Those species that could become extinct if a critical factor in their environment were changed.

A)threatened species
B)clear-cutting
C)reforestation
D)selective harvesting
E)endangered species
F)speciation
G)extinction
H)habitat management
I)cover.
J)patchwork clear-cutting
K)cover
L)biodiversity
M)mutation
N)species diversity

Question 32

What invasive species is an external parasite of lake trout and decimated populations for more than 20 years?

A)eel
B)alewife
C)zebra mussel
D)lamprey

Question 33

Which of the following best matches the description?
Process of replanting an area after the original trees are removed.

A)threatened species
B)clear-cutting
C)reforestation
D)selective harvesting
E)endangered species
F)speciation
G)extinction
H)habitat management
I)cover.
J)patchwork clear-cutting
K)cover
L)biodiversity
M)mutation
N)species diversity

Question 34

The taxonomic group that displays the greatest biodiversity is

A)plants.
B)insects.
C)birds.
D)amphibians.
E)mammals.

Question 35

The Endangered Species Act of 1973

A)allowed the state governments to manage all wildlife within their borders.
B)required city governments to pay a tax to support wilderness habitat areas.
C)gave the federal government jurisdiction over any species that were designated as endangered.
D)restricted the importation of plants and animals from 25 countries.

Question 36

World harvests of wild caught fish have remained constant since about 1995.In addition,the mix of species has changed (some species are no longer caught).This indicates

A)overfishing of some species is occurring.
B)many species of fish are being harvested at their capacity.
C)new species of fish are being exploited as others are no longer being caught.
D)All of these statements are true.

Question 37

Which of the following best matches the description?
Forest harvesting method in which all trees in a large area are cut and removed.

A)threatened species
B)clear-cutting
C)reforestation
D)selective harvesting
E)endangered species
F)speciation
G)extinction
H)habitat management
I)cover.
J)patchwork clear-cutting
K)cover
L)biodiversity
M)mutation
N)species diversity

Question 38

Worldwide,the amount of forest land is,

A)increasing in Europe.
B)decreasing is North America.
C)decreasing in Central and South America.
D)increasing in tropical Africa.

Question 39

Salmon introduction in the Great Lakes has brought in millions of dollars from sportfishing,yet environmentally it has

A)increased exotic invasive fish populations.
B)improved water quality.
C)decreased migratory bird populations.
D)decreased native fish populations and disrupted spawning.

Question 40

Which of the following best matches the description?
Set of physical features that conceals and protects animals from the elements or their enemies.

A)threatened species
B)clear-cutting
C)reforestation
D)selective harvesting
E)endangered species
F)speciation
G)extinction
H)habitat management
I)cover.
J)patchwork clear-cutting
K)cover
L)biodiversity
M)mutation
N)species diversity

Question 41

Non-native invasive species increase the biological diversity of an ecosystem.

Question 42

There is very little that a person can do to help control the spread of exotic species.

Question 43

As the human population increases,extinction rates also increase.

Question 44

If trees are removed from a streamside,the water is likely to become warmer.

Question 45

CITES is an international treaty signed by 164 countries focused on preventing illegal trade in endangered species.

Question 46

Large populations have less genetic diversity than small populations.

Question 47

In the past few hundred years,global trade and tourism have in many ways rendered natural barriers ineffective,allowing non-native species to travel vast distances.

Question 48

Humans have changed ecosystems more rapidly and extensively in the last 50 years than in any other period.

Question 49

Erosion of unvegetated land adjacent to lakes and rivers causes siltation.

Question 50

Which of the following best matches the description?
Forest harvesting method in which individual high-value trees are removed from the forest,leaving the majority of the forest undisturbed.

A)threatened species
B)clear-cutting
C)reforestation
D)selective harvesting
E)endangered species
F)speciation
G)extinction
H)habitat management
I)cover.
J)patchwork clear-cutting
K)cover
L)biodiversity
M)mutation
N)species diversity

Question 51

Ecosystems have not been significantly influenced by people in virtually all parts of the world.

Question 52

Grazing of arid and semiarid lands provides little value or food to the people of that area.

Question 53

Some remote areas of the world have been changed very little by humans.

Question 54

High genetic diversity means that almost all of the individuals of a population have the same characteristics.

Question 55

Early human-induced extinction was most likely due to over-hunting.

Question 56

One of the consequences of selective breeding is the loss of genetic diversity.

Question 57

The introduction of exotic species into a freshwater ecosystem generally increases the population of the native species.

Question 58

A species with a low reproductive rate is more likely to become extinct than one with a high reproductive rate.

Question 59

Which of the following best matches the description?
Forest harvesting method in which patches of trees are clear-cut among patches of timber that are uncut.

A)threatened species
B)clear-cutting
C)reforestation
D)selective harvesting
E)endangered species
F)speciation
G)extinction
H)habitat management
I)cover.
J)patchwork clear-cutting
K)cover
L)biodiversity
M)mutation
N)species diversity

Question 60

Cutting small,as opposed to large,areas of a forest can reduce erosion of the soil by wind and water.

Question 61

Protection of biodiversity typically involves:

A)Legal protection by national laws and international agreements
B)The encouragement of invasive species
C)Management of the use of species and ecosystems at sustainable levels
D)Legal protection by national laws and international agreements and management of the use of species and ecosystems at sustainable levels.
E)All of the statements are correct

Question 62

The Serengeti Highway Route:

A)Could impact traditional animal migration routes
B)Would help develop water navigational routes
C)Would hinder urban development
D)Would provide high speed rail transportation

Question 63

One of the measures of biodiversity is the number of:

A)Migration routes in an area
B)Rivers in an area
C)Unpaved roads in an area
D)Different species in an area

Question 64

The Red List of Threatened Species was developed by:

A)International Union for the Conservation of Nature
B)The National Rifle Association
C)The Environmental Protection Agency
D)Safari Club International

Question 65

________ is primarily responsible for spreading thousands of invasive alien species around the world.

Question 66

Many of the world's major medicines are indirectly derived from:

A)Biodiversity.
B)Natural selection.
C)Labor-intensive agriculture.
D)Eutrophication.